海上编队雷达网优化部署系统的设计与实现

建立海上编队雷达网优化部署系统模型,包括实体模型和认知模型。仿真海上编队雷达网在无威胁条件下的优化部署和面临干扰和超低空突防威胁时的对抗过程,经过海上编队雷达网优化部署认知模型的解算,指挥舰队编队成员进行机动部署,编队成员通过重新机动,使编队雷达网获得较好的探测性能。仿真结果表明所建立模型的可行性和正确性。对于在未来海战场复杂电磁环境下,更好地发挥编队雷达网探测、预警能力具有重要意义。     

航母编队雷达网抗干扰能力评估

以航母编队为平台的雷达网抗干扰能力为研究对象，建立了编队雷达网自卫距离、干扰压制比、抗干扰能力度量三个指标模型并根据实例进行能力评估和分析，提出了提高雷达网抗干扰能力的措施，为航母编队雷达网抗干扰能力的研究和作战使用提供理论参考。     

海上联合机动编队信息对抗能力分析与评估

未来信息化条件下的海上战斗,信息对抗的地位越来越重要。为科学评估海上联合机动编队信息对抗能力,采取定性与定量分析相结合的方法,对编队信息对抗能力的构成及影响因素进行了分析,建立了评估指标体系,并利用指数法建立了各种能力以及综合对抗能力的评估模型。结合具体的算例给出了评估结果,并就单个评估指标对评估结果的影响进行了灵敏度分析。对海上联合机动编队信息对抗能力分析和评估,对于科学组合和正确运用信息对抗兵力,具有重要参考价值。     

基于网络环模型的CEC协同网络鲁棒性研究

在海上激烈的攻防对抗环境下,网络化协同反导作战能力是未来舰艇编队防御作战新型作战能力,舰艇编队协同反导作战稳定性,即CEC网络的鲁棒性对于提升反导作战能力就显得至关重要。为有效评估协同作战稳定性,以水面舰艇编队协同反导作战为背景,运用网络环模型,提出了一种基于网络邻接矩阵最大特征值λMAX评价CEC协同作战网络鲁棒性的方法,并通过模型仿真分析验证了方法的有效性,对于舰艇编队反导作战CEC网络的设计与评估具有一定的指导意义。     

双机编队超视距攻击协同优势评估

针对双机协同超视距攻击中的态势评估和协同优势评估,提出了基于编队状态的协同优势评估方法。首先分析并将编队完成超视距攻击的过程划分为4个状态阶段;其次建立了基本的超视距攻击态势评估模型;最后讨论了编队不同状态下的协同优势评估方法并建立了模型。仿真结果表明,该算法模型能够较为准确地评估双机编队在超视距攻击中的协同优势。     

基于多智能体的编队协同试飞仿真与效能评估

为了降低编队协同试飞风险和代价,提出建立编队协同试飞仿真平台对试飞的效果进行评价.首先,建立了编队协同试飞模型的总体框架.在此基础上建立了基于多智能体的编队协同试飞总体结构并明确了各类型Agent的功能.然后,确定了指挥控制中心Agent与编队Agent进行命令交互的过程并建立了编队Agent和战斗机Agent的模型.最后,建立了基于兰彻斯特理论的效能评估模型,并对设定的红蓝编队进行了仿真和分析.     

基于STAGE的编队舰空导弹协同防空系统仿真

编队舰空导弹协同防空是海上防空作战的发展趋势，在对编队舰空导弹协同防空进行深入研究的基础上，运用基于STAGE的仿真手段构建了编队舰空导弹协同防空仿真框架，详细描述了仿真过程和相关模型，构建编队舰空导弹协同防空仿真平台，实现对海上编队舰空导弹协同防空作战系统的仿真。     

用于任务规划的航母编队防空威胁建模

建立正确的航母编队防空威胁模型是反航母任务规划成功的前提,在分析网络化条件下航母编队综合防空反导体系作战特点基础上,综合考虑反舰导弹性能、防空雷达网和编队防空火力威胁等因素,利用加权指数方法建立了网络化条件下航母编队综合防空网络威胁模型。仿真结果表明该模型能够体现航母网络化防空体系的真实情况,可以用于反航母任务规划。     

针对隐身突防的海上编队雷达网建模与仿真

雷达组网是实现反隐身的一种有效技术。通过模拟隐身飞机在有无干扰情况下从空中和低空突防,对海上编队雷达网的对抗过程进行仿真,经过认知模型对探测效能的解算,得出优化的舰艇部署阵位。仿真结果表明所建立模型的可行性和正确性,并可为舰艇指挥员综合决策提供科学依据。     

远程机动岸导与海上编队战术协同研究

远程机动岸导与海上编队合同突击是打击敌水面舰艇编队的有效兵力组合.首先,通过对远程机动岸导对海攻击态势的分析,给出了远程机动岸导两种攻击方式;然后建立了不同攻击方式下海上编队的安全方向分析模型和安全距离分析模型,确定出了海上编队的安全空间;对远程机动岸导与海上编队协同模式进行了探讨,指出互动式协同模式应是其采用的主要协同模式.     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.