某煤化工项目气化厂房事故后果定量评估

使用ALOHA软件对某煤气化项目气化厂房的事故后果进行定量评估.结果表明,当易燃、易爆、有毒有害的危险化学品泄漏时,喷射火和蒸气云爆炸的危险区域主要在厂区,不会对周边产生较大的影响,闪火的危险区域较大,有可能超出厂区.对于中毒事故,H2的危险性较小,而CO和H2S的危险性则较大,远远超出厂区,对周边将产生影响.需要增加适当的工艺防火、防爆措施和建筑防火、防爆措施来保障气化厂房的消防安全.     

聚合过程火险分析与评价

应用道化学公司的火灾爆炸危险指数评价方法 (第七版 ) ,针对燕山石化有限公司 18万吨 /年釜式法高压聚乙烯生产工艺的特点 ,分析和评价聚合过程的火灾危险性 ,并提出实用性的防火防爆措施     

甲类医药洁净厂房消防设计研究

从甲丙类联合生产厂房平面布置中的火灾危险性定性问题、防爆泄压、安全疏散、消防给水、空调通风、防排烟、火灾自动报警、消防照明、消防电话等方面探讨了甲类医药洁净厂房的消防设计问题。分析了厂房的火灾危险性及消防设计存在的问题,指出了消防设计应注意的事项及技术对策。     

某焦化厂消防安全定量评价

煤化工生产的原料和产物绝大多数为易燃、易爆、有毒物质,其火灾危险性决定了煤化工生产火灾具有易爆炸、难扑救、损失大等特点。运用道化学公司火灾爆炸危险指数法,通过火灾爆炸危险指数法的程序,以粗苯为例,获得发生事故造成的停产损失,并提出了改善安全生产环境的措施,对建立生产场所安全评价方法体系具有指导意义。     

空客喷漆车间火灾危险性分析

从喷漆大厅火灾爆炸危险源、全部气化的危险性两个方面分析了空客A320飞机喷漆车间的火灾爆炸危险性,并对喷漆车间爆炸危险区域进行了划分,提出了在飞机喷漆车间设计中应采取的安全措施。     

从吉化双苯厂爆炸事故处置解读化工火灾扑救对策

吉化双苯厂“11.13”爆炸火灾事故是一起典型的化工类火灾事故,造成了严重的财产损失和人员伤亡。这起火灾爆炸事故具有爆炸、燃烧速度快、立体式燃烧、过火面积大、危害性大等特点,总结了这起事故处置经验,给出了准确判断,科学决策;快攻近战;统一指挥,协同作战;多种措施相结合;冷却防爆,堵截蔓延;隐蔽抵近,适时出击等处置化工类火灾的对策。     

火灾爆炸危险指数评价法在三乙胺罐区中的应用

介绍了火灾爆炸危险指数评价法的基本原理,根据三乙胺罐区中实际情况确定了单元的危险系数和安全补偿系数,并通过计算得到火灾爆炸危险指数F&EI和安全措施补偿系数,最后得出单元危险分析的安全评价结果.     

燃气管道火灾危险性评价及预防对策

通过对燃气管道火灾危险性的阐述以及对其火灾爆炸原因的事故树分析,结合燃气管道的特点,得出了造成火灾事故发生的关键原因所在,并提出了防止燃气管道事故发生的防火防爆措施。     

在线并列生产装置固有火灾危险度评估

石油化工生产工艺装置复杂 ,工艺控制参数苛刻 ,处理的物料大都具有易燃易爆等特殊的危险性。针对石化生产装置的共同特点 ,通过三套在线并列存在的炼油生产装置 ,从物料特性、工艺装置、工艺控制参数、操作控制等方面综合分析其火灾危险因素 ,并采用美国道化学公司火灾、爆炸危险指数评价法评估装置间的固有火灾危险 ,为消防安全设施的配置以及灭火预案的制定提供依据。     

大跨度钢结构厂房的火灾危险性及防范对策

大空间钢结构厂房具有平面布局灵活,空间利用率大,建设周期短、抗震性能好,构件制造与安装机械化程度高,可重复再利用等优点,但其在消防安全方面存在着各种先天隐患。重点分析了大跨度钢结构厂房的火灾危险性,同时有针对性的对大跨度钢结构厂房的消防监督管理措施及防火设计思路进行了论述。     

On a search for a moving target

We consider the problem of searching for a target that moves in discrete time and space according to some Markovian process. At each time, a searcher attempts to detect the target. If the searcher's action at each time is such as to maximize his chances of immediate detection, we call his strategy “myopic.” We provide a computationally useful necessary condition for optimality, and use it to provide an example wherein the myopic strategy is not optimal.     

Between a rock and a hard place: Europe in a post-INF world

The end of the 1987 Intermediate-range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty has the potential to plunge Europe and NATO into deep crisis. Russia’s continued violation coupled with the Donald J. Trump administration’s desire to balance against Moscow and Beijing could force a new missile debate on Europeans. Even though Washington is trying to assuage its allies, the specter of another round of INF missile deployments to Europe is not unrealistic. Meanwhile, NATO’s European members face a dilemma. Some want NATO to resolutely push back against Russia. Others want to avoid a new deployment debate, at almost all costs. The Kremlin will use these cleavages to weaken NATO. If not carefully handled, NATO’s response to the Russian missile buildup could lead to domestic turmoil in a number of European states and render the alliance ineffective for a prolonged period. Europeans need to act now and voice their preferences in the military and diplomatic domains. A number of different military options are available, below the level of deploying new INF missiles in Europe. However, Europeans need to consider trade-offs regarding crisis and arms-race stability. At the same time, it will be up to European capitals to conceptualize a new arms-control framework for the post-INF world, one that takes into account today’s geopolitical realities and the entanglement of modern conventional and nuclear forces. Given the Trump administration’s loathing of arms control, concepts of mutual restraint may well have to wait for the next US administration. In any case, that should not stop Europeans from taking on more responsibility for their own security.     

谈核电站火灾自动报警系统的特殊配置

结合核电站火灾危险的特殊性,阐述了核电站常规岛中网控楼、蓄电池室、汽轮机厂房、电缆隧道、输变电变压器等建筑的火灾自动报警系统设备的特殊配置及选用特点,以发挥火灾自动报警系统的监控作用。     

On a constraint qualification in a nondifferentiable programming problem

A mathematical programming problem with an objective function containing the square root of a positive semidefinite quadratic form has been considered by Mond. In order to use a transposition theorem of Eisenberg, Mond introduces a complicated constraint qualification. In this note we give a simple geometric characterization to this constraint qualification and show that it is implied by the generalized Slater constraint qualification.     

Analysis of a production system in a general configuration

We consider a production system comprising multiple stations (or workshops) such as an entry station, a set of work stations, a central station, and an exit station, which are arranged in a general configuration. A worker (or a vehicle tool) is assigned to each station, who sends a part from the station to the destination station according to the required process path of the part. Any part is allowed to visit a work station more than once if its process path requires. We propose a new control strategy with the push policy for instructing each worker to send a part and the kanban mechanism for controlling the work‐in‐process (WIP) in each work station. As all work stations have limited local buffers, the central station is used for storing blocked parts temporarily. Such a production system is modeled as an open queueing network in a general configuration with a Markovian part sending policy and a machine no blocking mechanism. The queueing network is analytically characterized. Some important performance measures are compared with other control strategies. A semi‐open decomposition approach is applied to the queueing network for computing the blocking probabilities when parts arrive at the work stations. An algorithm is developed based on the semi‐open decomposition approach. Numerical experiments show the quality of the solutions obtained by the algorithm as well as a property of a performance measure. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 48: 128–143, 2001     

铜冶炼炉溜槽上方钢梁温度分布研究

为了对有色冶炼厂房框架钢梁耐火稳定性评估提供条件,根据冶炼铜实际工况建立计算模型,数值研究钢梁温度分布,结果表明:在加热初期,钢梁的平均温度和最高温度不断上升,经历10个升温-降温周期后,钢梁的最高温度稳定在220℃左右。钢梁温度与梁的截面尺寸和形状、梁计算截面位置、溜槽与梁相对位置等众多因素有关。梁与溜槽距离越大,梁截面高度越大,翼缘宽度越小,最高温度与平均温度越低;梁长度大小不影响梁最高温度,但梁长度越大平均温度越低。     

一代名将百世楷模--纪念萧劲光大将诞辰100周年

本文是中共中央军委副主席郭伯雄2003年1月3日在纪念萧劲光同志诞辰100周年座谈会上的讲话。标题为本刊编者所加。     

建筑火灾烟气蔓延规律对火灾探测系统的影响

分析了烟在建筑物内部的蔓延规律,讨论了烟气的蔓延规律、气流速度、障碍物及房间高度对火灾探测系统的影响,得出研究火灾烟气蔓延规律对火灾探测系统的可靠性具有重要意义的结论。     

锁相倍频开关式跟踪滤波器

本文提出一种简单的跟踪滤波器电路,该电路可用于多普勒雷达,主要由开关式带通滤波器和锁相环组成。实验结果表明,它具有捕捉范围宽、捕捉时间短和在噪声背景下有令人满意的性能等特点。     

Experimental investigation of a cook-off temperature in a hot barrel

The experimental investigations of the effect of contact time/temperature on initiating the cook-off using 7.62 mm calibre cartridge cases (CC) were conducted previously. These cartridges were filled with commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) double based (DB) propellant (Bulls Eye) and were loaded in a hot chamber. The thermal explosion temperature is of great significance to both weapon designers and safety inspectors as it provides the operational limit and safe operating temperature. For CC under test, it was found that the cook-off temperatures of this propellant were encountered with the heat transfer profile of the simulated gun barrel between 151.4 °C and 153.4 °C, with a reaction occurring in less than 300 s after the round was chambered. Usefully, each experiment was found to be consistent and repeatable.