废旧轮胎压缩试验与数值模拟

为更好地将废旧轮胎应用于落石灾害防护领域,对不同型号的废旧轮胎进行了单向重复压缩试验,并对单个轮胎分别进行了2个相互垂直方向上的重复压缩试验,利用LS-DYNA软件模拟了废旧轮胎的压缩试验过程。结果表明:废旧轮胎具有明显的弹性特征和被重复利用的性质,能够重复承受较大变形且割线刚度降低较小;一个方向上被压缩过的废旧轮胎沿圆周方向旋转90°后再进行压缩,其割线刚度几乎能够恢复到初始状态;废旧轮胎的有限元简化模型较为合理,在落石灾害防护领域有着广阔的应用前景。     

落石冲击下旧轮胎缓冲层性能研究

棚洞是交通线路防落石工程中普遍采用的一种结构,常设有缓冲层以缓冲落石冲击,耗散冲击能量。基于此提出了一种旧轮胎缓冲层,发挥旧轮胎径向变形空间大的优势,有效缓冲落石冲击作用。构筑了放置废旧轮胎缓冲层的钢筋混凝土结构模型,进行人造落石冲击缓冲层试验,根据落石质量和下落高度以及轮胎内填充介质的不同,试验分4组12次进行。结果表明:棚洞顶设置旧轮胎缓冲层可以缓冲落石冲击作用,有效降低落石冲击下棚洞顶板的加速度峰值和最大冲击力;旧轮胎缓冲层内填充砂石可以提高其刚度,使其具有一定吸能效能,但砂石比重大,对缓冲效果有一定影响;相同落石能级下,旧轮胎缓冲层对质量较小落石的缓冲效果好于质量较大的落石。     

落石冲击作用下环形网耗能性能数值分析

环形网作为被动柔性防护系统中主要的耗能构件,对其耗能性能的研究显得尤为重要。根据被动柔性防护系统中环形网受到的约束条件,对环形网的计算模型进行了简化处理。采用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件对环形网进行了动力有限元分析,考察了落石尺寸、冲击速度等因素对环形网耗能性能的影响。分析结果表明：落石的下降距离、最大加速度均随落石直径的增大而减小;落石的直径越小,冲击速度越大,环形网越容易被破坏。动力有限元分析的结论可为环形网在防护工程中的应用提供参考。     

柔性背腔鼓型消声器声学特性分析

现有的鼓型消声器由具有刚性背腔的膨胀腔和张紧的薄膜构成,利用薄膜的振动辐射声场与原声场叠加作用,使得透射过消声器的声能减少,达到消声的目的。为使消声器兼具隔振作用,提出了新型柔性背腔鼓型消声器,基于Fourier-Galerkin方法建立其声学理论模型,将传递损失特性与现有的刚性背腔模型进行比较,进一步研究柔性背腔鼓形消声器的消声机理,并分析了背腔参数对性能的影响。计算结果表明,柔性背腔有效提高了消声器低频消声效果,较相同结构尺寸条件下的刚性背腔消声器,显著拓宽了有效消声带宽。     

以柔克刚是管理的高境界

面对知识经济与全球化市场“刚性竞争”日趋加剧,一些知名企业家提出了“柔性管理”的创新思想。实践证明,“柔性管理”以柔克刚,是强化企业国际化市场“刚性竞争”的法宝,值得大力提倡。 企业“柔性管理”是针对知识经济和全球化经营实际创新的管理思维与管理方式,它与传统的泰勒管理强调步调一致不同,讲求管理软化,以管理的柔性化更加激发人的主观能动作用,以适应知识经营“刚性竞争”的需要。企业“柔性管理”     

流动粉浆输送装置的研究

为减轻环卫工和建筑工人劳动强度和提高工作效率,在已有螺旋输送机的工作原理基础上,进行创新。将螺旋片由刚性连接改为柔性连接,将硬管改为软管。经过试验,在选择了一定的工艺参数后,使刚性的螺旋片和柔性的胶管之间,有较好的配合效果,从而实现了螺旋输送机械,可以在输送管道有一定弯曲的条件下,运送砂浆的功能。该研究有一定的实用价值和社会意义。加工制造工艺不复杂,有利于普及。     

企业动态

11月24日,国防科工委在天津新技术产业园区中核防水材料有限公司主持召开了中核2000高效防水材料系列产品鉴定会。该公司以核工业理化工程研究院为股东单位,主要生产刚性无机防水堵漏材料和柔性水泥基防水复合材料,专业技术实力雄厚,技术设备先进,是国内具有领先水平的高新技术防水材     

基于刚柔耦合的坦克炮发射动力学仿真分析

炮口扰动是影响坦克炮射击精度的重要因素，为研究弹丸出炮口瞬间的炮口扰动规律，基于多体动力学与有限元方法构建了坦克刚柔耦合的全车动力学仿真模型，该模型考虑了身管的柔性特性，对身管进行了模态分析，得到了身管的模态中性文件。通过仿真，对比了后坐部分最大后坐位移与最大后坐速度的试验值与仿真值，对刚柔耦合模型的仿真结果进行了验证。在此基础上，分析了刚性身管和柔性身管对炮口扰动的影响，结果表明：考虑身管柔性特性的刚柔耦合模型能够有效提高坦克炮射击仿真精度。     

大功率柔性互联设备的有功互济协调控制方法

针对以常规母联开关互联的交流电网线路变压器容量无法合理利用的问题,提出了依靠由背靠背电压源变流器组成的新型大功率柔性互联装置实现两侧交流电网有功功率互济的协调控制方法。介绍了新型柔性互联装置的拓扑结构与基本的控制原理,为实现两侧线路变压器容量合理的目标制定了一种生成有功功率参考的方法,并基于PSCAD/EMTDC搭建了一套仿真算例,对新型柔性互联装置的基本控制与所提出的有功互济的协调控制方法进行了验证。仿真结果表明,在柔性互联装置采用所提方法时能够实现两侧交流线路的有功功率互济,解决了线路变压器容量无法合理分配的问题。     

中核2000高效防水材料系列产品

天津新技术产业园区中核防水材料有限公司,以股东单位核工业理化工程研究院(国家级研究院)为后盾,专业技术实力雄厚,技术设备先进,检测手段完善,管理制度严格,是国内一流的高新技术防水材料企业。 本公司主要生产刚性无机防水堵漏材料(中核2000高效防水材料)和柔性水泥基防水复合材料     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.