杂波环境下机动目标跟踪算法研究

杂波环境下的机动目标跟踪问题具有非线性、非高斯、不完全观测的特点,其难点在于观测值与目标的对应关系及每一时刻的运动模式均呈现高度不确定性。文中将多模型理论和辅助粒子滤波算法相结合,提出了一种新的杂波环境下机动目标跟踪算法——多模型辅助粒子滤波算法(MMAPF)。仿真结果表明,该算法与传统的交互多模型——扩展卡尔曼滤波算法、辅助粒子滤波算法相比,在相同的情况下,具有更高的滤波精度和较好总体性能。     

一种纯方位跟踪中的在线式伪线性算法

针对伪线性参数估计不能进行实时状态跟踪的问题,讨论了一种新的在线式的伪线性跟踪算法.对算法的实现过程进行了推导,并应用于纯方位目标的跟踪问题中.仿真结果表明,与传统累积形式的伪线性跟踪算法相比,该算法在保证一定精度的同时,能够降低每个估计时刻的计算量,减少计算占用的资源,是一种有效的算法.     

Visual-attention gabor filter based online multi-armored target tracking

The multi-armored target tracking (MATT) plays a crucial role in coordinated tracking and strike. The occlusion and insertion among targets and target scale variation is the key problems in MATT. Most state-of-the-art multi-object tracking (MOT) works adopt the tracking-by-detection strategy, which rely on compute-intensive sliding window or anchoring scheme in detection module and neglect the target scale variation in tracking module. In this work, we proposed a more efficient and effective spatial-temporal attention scheme to track multi-armored target in the ground battlefield. By simulating the structure of the retina, a novel visual-attention Gabor filter branch is proposed to enhance detection. By introducing temporal information, some online learned target-specific Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are adopted to address occlusion. More importantly, we built a MOT dataset for armored targets, called Armored Target Tracking dataset (ATTD), based on which several comparable experiments with state-of-the-art methods are conducted. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves outstanding tracking performance and meets the actual application requirements.     

密集杂波环境下一种新的机动目标跟踪算法

针对密集杂波环境下的机动目标跟踪问题,在传统方法基础上结合模糊推理的思想,提出一种模糊自适应交互多模型概率数据关联算法。该算法将目标运动模式分为机动和非机动两类区别对待,无需选取大量模型来覆盖机动目标的运动模式,而是动态调节模型集合中部分模型的参数,具有更强的自适应跟踪能力。最后,给出了算法的仿真分析,结果表明:该方法能够有效地跟踪密集杂波中的机动目标,并且跟踪性能较传统方法有所提高。     

一种基于帧间相关的红外弱小目标运动轨迹检测方法

针对传统帧间相关法对部分虚警轨迹难以排除的问题,研究了一种简单的帧间相关去噪算法,并提出在此基础上再次运用数学形态学方法来进一步排除虚假轨迹。算法采用形态学top-hat变换和二值化方法预处理原始图像,然后根据目标帧间相关而噪声点不相关的特点去噪,之后相加得到初步运动轨迹图像;最后采用形态学开运算,排除虚假轨迹,得到最终的检测结果。结果中检测出的目标轨迹清晰,虚警少。实验表明,该方法能有效地检测出弱小目标的运动轨迹。     

Hypersonic impact flash characteristics of a long-rod projectile collision with a thin plate target

Impact flash occurs when objects collide at supersonic speeds and can be used for real-time damage assessment when weapons rely on kinetic energy to destroy targets.However,the mechanism of impact flash remains unclear.A series of impact flash experiments of flat-head long-rod projectiles impacting thin target plates were performed with a two-stage light gas gun.The impact flash spectra for 6061 aluminum at 1.3-3.2 km/s collision speeds were recorded with a high-speed camera,a photoelectric sensor,and a time-resolved spectrometer.The intensity of the impact flash exhibited a pulse charac-teristic with time.The intensity(I)increased with impact velocity(V0)according to I∝Vn0,where n = 4.41 for V0 ＞ 2 km/s.However,for V0 ＜ 2 km/s,n = 2.21,and the intense flash duration is an order of magnitude less than that of higher V0.When V0 ＞ 2 km/s,a continuous spectrum(thermal radiation background)was observed and increased in intensity with V0.However,for V0 ＜ 2 km/s,only atomic line spectra were detected.There was no aluminum spectral lines for V0 ＜ 2 km/s,which indicated that it had not been vaporized.The initial intense flash was emission from excited and ionized ambient gases near the impact surface,and had little relationship with shock temperature rise,indicating a new mechanism of impact flash.     

雷达空间目标识别技术综述

随着人类航天活动的增加,对于卫星和碎片等空间目标进行监视变得非常重要。为了实现空间监视任务,对空间目标进行识别是非常必要的。对空间目标的轨道特性与动力学特性进行了介绍,对雷达空间目标识别技术的研究现状和发展趋势进行了详细的综述。     

一种改进的二进制检测传感器网络解析目标跟踪算法

对二进制检测传感器网络的解析目标跟踪算法进行了研究,提出了一种改进的解析目标跟踪算法.改进算法与原算法相比,不需要外推判断目标的相关运动参数,而是在目标通过3个以上传感器节点时,一次性地确定目标的速度和直线运动轨迹,易于实现.仿真实验表明:该算法能够较精确地解算出目标的运动参数,适用于部署稀疏、节点采样时间间隔较大、节...     

基于多智能体的传感器网络协同目标跟踪技术研究

针对传感器网络中的协同目标跟踪问题,分析了基于多智能体理论的分布式协同策略,提出了一种基于动态联盟的传感器网络协同目标跟踪框架,分析了系统中的智能体构成,提出了联盟中基于贝叶斯估计的Manage Agent的数据融合算法,讨论了Manage Agent的选举算法。理论分析表明,多智能体理论能够较好地适用于传感器网络的协同目标跟踪问题。     

空间激光成像目标精确侦察技术

合成孔径激光成像、激光反射层析成像是最有可能在空间目标成像侦察中得到应用的精确侦察手段。分析了两种激光成像方法的原理,分别构建了各自实验系统,完成了关键技术验证实验,得到了一些重要结论。结合空间目标精确侦察需求,给出了两种系统的设计方法,指出了需要重点突破的关键技术。研究表明,随着激光器、探测接收等关键技术的成熟,将为研制天基空间激光成像目标精确侦察技术奠定基础。     

基于改进卡尔曼滤波方法的机动目标跟踪研究

针对在机动目标跟踪中当目标作高度机动飞行时卡尔曼滤波可能会出现严重发散的情况,提出利用BP神经网络校正其滤波结果,并将遗传算法应用于BP网络的训练过程,以解决BP网络训练速度慢的缺陷,提高算法的实时性。仿真表明该方法是可行的、有效的。     

多传感器多机动目标跟踪方法研究进展

讨论了多传感器多机动目标的研究现状,分析了几种跟踪滤波器的性能,着重探讨了交互多模型(IMM)算法的发展状况和应用。同时还研究了多传感器跟踪多机动目标过程中的数据关联方法。最后指出,寻求采用自适应变结构的IMM算法,研究模型切换过程中算法的过渡性能,以及在数据关联中引入混沌、遗传算法等智能控制方法,将是未来多传感器多机动目标研究的方向。     

一种新的二进制检测传感器网络定位跟踪方法

根据同时检测到目标的两个传感器节点对目标进行定位的特点,提出了一种适用于二进制检测传感器网络的改进质心定位法;给出了一种基于线性最小二乘估计的目标跟踪算法,并结合质心定位法和改进质心定位法,得到了目标运动的航速和航向。仿真表明:改进的质心定位法相比于质心定位法,具有更高的定位精度;基于线性最小二乘估计的目标跟踪方法可以获得较为准确的目标航速和航向。     

用于纯方位目标跟踪的修正极坐标自适应卡尔曼滤波算法

针对纯方位被动目标跟踪中,直角坐标系下的扩展卡尔曼滤波器容易发散而导致滤波精度很差的问题,提出了一种修正极坐标系下的自适应卡尔曼滤波算法,对虚拟系统噪声进行估计,动态补偿模型线性化误差,对其滤波理论及算法进行了研究和仿真。仿真结果表明,该算法提高了滤波的稳定性、快速性和精确性,优于一般的扩展卡尔曼滤波算法。     

A new energy efficient management approach for wireless sensor networks in target tracking

This paper mainly studied the problem of energy conserving in wireless sensor networks for target tracking in defensing combats. Firstly, the structures of wireless sensor nodes and networks were illustrated; Secondly, the analysis of existing energy consuming in the sensing layer and its calculation method were provided to build the energy conserving objective function; What's more, the other two indicators in target tracking, including target detection probability and tracking accuracy, were combined to be regarded as the constraints of the energy conserving objective function. Fourthly, the three energy conserving approaches, containing optimizing the management scheme, prolonging the time interval between two adjacent observations, and transmitting the observations selectively, were introduced; In addition, the improved lion algorithm combined with the Logistic chaos sequence was proposed to obtain sensor management schemes. Finally, simulations had been made to prove the effectiveness of the proposed methods and algorithm.     

Maneuvering target tracking of UAV based on MN-DDPG and transfer learning

Tracking maneuvering target in real time autonomously and accurately in an uncertain environment is one of the challenging missions for unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs).In this paper,aiming to address the control problem of maneuvering target tracking and obstacle avoidance,an online path planning approach for UAV is developed based on deep reinforcement learning.Through end-to-end learning powered by neural networks,the proposed approach can achieve the perception of the environment and continuous motion output control.This proposed approach includes:(1)A deep deterministic policy gradient(DDPG)-based control framework to provide learning and autonomous decision-making capa-bility for UAVs;(2)An improved method named MN-DDPG for introducing a type of mixed noises to assist UAV with exploring stochastic strategies for online optimal planning;and(3)An algorithm of task-decomposition and pre-training for efficient transfer learning to improve the generalization capability of UAV's control model built based on MN-DDPG.The experimental simulation results have verified that the proposed approach can achieve good self-adaptive adjustment of UAV's flight attitude in the tasks of maneuvering target tracking with a significant improvement in generalization capability and training efficiency of UAV tracking controller in uncertain environments.     

空间预警系统建立导弹目标优先级的多属性决策

空间预警系统在多传感器多目标的情况下需要传感器调度,而建立目标优先级是有效进行传感器调度的第一步。由星载传感器所得图像对目标特征进行估计具有很大的不确定性,直接影响到导弹目标优先级的建立。首先通过作战分析确定出导弹目标的主要属性,采用层次分析法评价属性的权重,然后在不确定的条件下对属性求期望值,使用3种多属性决策方法评价导弹目标的威胁程度,最后取期望值作为导弹目标的威胁评价。正交实验结果表明算法具有很强的实时性和实用性。     

世界各国高超声速武器发展现状

高超声速武器是高技术武器装备,也是当今世界主要国家尤其是军事大国武器装备发展的重点。在这一领域,美国的发展独占鳌头,在高超声速导弹、高超声速飞机和空天飞机等方面研究拥有较强优势,并提出了全方位高超声速武器和先进航天器研制计划。其他国家,如俄罗斯、法国、日本以及印度等国也都积极开展高超声速武器装备的研究。     

DSP实现低信噪比条件下点目标检测与跟踪

针对嵌入式实时图像处理系统中 ,复杂背景低信噪比条件下红外运动点目标检测及跟踪所采用的处理算法 ,包括基于空域低通滤波的多图像平均法和自适应阈值分割法以及基于目标运动时空连续性目标运动轨迹拟合及目标运动轨迹参数预测算法 ,进行基于二维数组组合方式存储结构的算法复杂度估计 ,并将上述算法在TI公司的TMS32 0C6 2 0 1EVM板上进行实时性能评测 ,说明上述算法在基于具有软件流水性能的TMS32 0C6x系列DSP嵌入式实时图像处理系统中实现的可行性。     

Adaptive robust feedback control of moving target tracking for all-Electrical tank with uncertainty

A moving target tracking control problem for marching tank based on adaptive robust feedback control scheme is addressed. A series of preparations is needed for tank gun before shooting a target, the purpose of this paper is to design a control system to fulfill two requirements in this process: the turretbarrel system of tank needs to be adjusted from off-target position to command position and point to the moving target stably when there are strong uncertainties(modeling error, uncertain distu...