新型高灵敏度动态压力传感器—镱压阻传感器

本文给出了采用国产稀土金属元素镱(Yb,Ytterbium)作为动态压力传感器的实验结果,实验是分别利用炸药爆炸加载装置和在本实验室的四万焦耳电炮装置上进行的。与锰铜压阻传感器、碳压阻传感器在相应装置上所得数据作了初步比较。结果表明,镱作为动态压力传感器比锰铜和碳压阻传感器灵敏度高,使用的压力范围可低至千巴。     

爆炸焊接结合区压力场的锰铜压力量计测量

用锰铜压力量计测得了爆炸焊接结合区的压力场。实验中采用铝板—铝板非对称碰撞,锰铜压力量计埋设在基板中的不同深度处,使用两种不同厚度的复板,所用炸药为泰乳炸药(密度为0.9g/cm~3,测得的平均爆速为3000m/sec)。     

动态压阻测试技术

本文描述在材料中测量冲击波压力剖面的实验技术。实验中采用压装炸药平面波发生器、衰减器、飞板、靶板和压装炸药平面波发生器、靶板两种爆炸系统。采用两种结构形式的电阻值分别为10欧和50欧的刻蚀锰铜箔压阻传感器,同时用同轴探针监测试件中的冲击波速度和粒子速度,标定压力峰值。本文着重讨论了传感器供电系统,信号传输记录和数据处理中要注意的事项等有关问题,并给出了在实验中测得的冲击波压力剖面的示波记录。     

管-板焊接参数和结合区压力场测量

本文介绍管—管板爆炸焊接动态参数和结合区压力场的测量技术和结果。实验中,用斜电阻丝方法测量动态焊接参数:碰撞速度V_p、碰撞点速度V_c、碰撞角β;用锰铜压力量计测量结合区中基板一侧的压力场P(乙);用电探针方法测量爆速V_D。这三种测试方法可在实验中同时使用。     

2# 岩石硝铵炸药的爆轰压力及其对金属平板碰撞的影响

本文介绍用锰铜压力量计测量散装2~#岩石硝铵炸药的爆轰压力历史,以及在滑移爆轰条件下,它对金属平板的非对称碰撞所产生的影响。实验发现,爆轰压力历史的前部是一个持续时间很短的尖脉冲,紧跟在尖脉冲之后的是一个持续时间较长的近似于矩形的脉冲,而测量到的平板非对称碰撞的压力历史有两个明显的台阶。     

外卡压力传感器的卡持结构设计与分析

针对外卡压力传感器存在的测试信号重复性差、信噪比低、安装局限性大的问题,设计了一种新型卡持结构——人字形结构,并从理论上分析了该结构相对于＂匚＂形夹块和环形夹块的优势。实验数据表明：采用人字形卡持结构的外卡压力传感器具有测试可靠、信噪比高、通用性好的特点。     

日本研制成气缸压力传感器

日本韶阳工程公司最近研制成功了一种船用柴油机用的气缸压力传感器。这种传感器能在柴油机的燃烧监测系统中长期持续地工作。该传感器解决了船用柴油机监测的急需。目前,这种气缸压力传感器已有6台在实际运行,其性能令人满意。     

大口径火炮制退机内腔压力测试技术

从火炮反后座装置的特殊结构及测试技术两方面详细分析、总结了我国几种大口径火炮在内腔压力测试时出现不正常现象的原因,并从传感器的机械度、传感器的封装技术、传感器的绝热处理、传感器的频响和排气工装等几个方面改进内腔压力测试的技术工艺方法,并用改进后的方法对155-2型火炮的内腔压力进行了试验,结果表明其工艺方法可准确地测试出内腔压力曲线,从而解决了多年来火炮后座阻力测试技术中存在的关键问题。     

基于压力波对喷油规律的计算方法研究

介绍了基于外卡式压力传感器测量的柴油机高压油管压力波,计算喷油规律和循环喷油量的方法,并在12150L柴油机喷油泵实验台上进行了验证.该方法对于实现喷油规律和喷油量的不解体测量,具有理论指导意义.     

石英晶体测试实验中干扰的消除

Ｙ－切石英晶体的各向异性物理特性,使它在正碰撞或平面冲击波作用条件下能产生压剪波的传播,为实现对材料的压剪加载实验研究提供了条件。由于石英晶体的压电效应,国外采用了ＶＩＳＡＲ技术进行测试。在我们的工作中,首次尝试用锰铜压阻法和电磁质速测量法进行测试。压电效应造成了明显的干扰,妨碍信号的获取。实验中用磁控溅射方法将石英晶体表面镀银层约１μｍ,达到了中和极化电荷、屏蔽极化电场的目的,比较成功地消除了压电干扰,获得了有效的测试信号。     

某型导弹弹翼静力分析的一种数学模型

应用有限元方法,建立了变厚度薄板三角形单元刚度矩阵,给出了变厚度薄板三角形单元形心上的应力和位移计算的数学模型。通过对某型反坦克导弹弹翼进行静力分析和实验比较,表明采用这种模型进行分析合乎结构设计精度要求。     

Characteristics structure analysis on debris cloud in the hypervelocity impact of disk projectile on thin plate

In this paper, the gauge points setting is introduced in the SPH simulation to analyze the debris cloud structure generated by the hypervelocity impact of disk projectile on thin plate. Compared with the experiments, more detailed information of the debris cloud structure can be classified from the numerical simulation. However, due to the solitary dispersion and overlap display of the particles in the SPH simulation, accurate comparison between numerical and experimental results is difficult to be performed. To track the velocity and spatial distribution of the particles in the debris cloud induced from disk and plate, gauge points are locally set in the single-layer profile in the SPH model. By analyzing the gauge points’ spatial coordinate and velocity, the location and velocity of characteristic points in the debris cloud are determined. The boundary of debris cloud is achieved, as well as the fragments distribution outside the main structure of debris cloud.     

制式枪膛压测量方法研究

本文针对枪膛内压力变化的测量问题,提出将应变片直接粘贴在枪管外壁上测量其膛压,并根据厚壁圆筒理论,分析了该方法的可行性,同时,与压电式压力传感器进行了对比试验,结果表明,该方法简便可行,测量结果可靠。     

精密机床神经网络法精度建模

介绍了神经网络理论在数控机床误差建模中的应用。以精密气浮花岗石铣床为研究对象 ,建立了机床的精度模型 ,并为此设计了一种特殊的检具 ,构造了训练样本。通过神经网络精度模型对机床的定位精度进行预测。实验结果表明该方法是可行的。     

Multi-layer protective armour for underwater shock wave mitigation

The effect of underwater shock wave on different target plates has been studied.An underwater shock wave generator(shock tube) was used to study the interactions between water and different constructed targets which act as shock wave mitigation.Target plates,composed of sandwich of two aluminum sheets with rubber and foam in between,were prepared and studied.For comparison,the target plates composed of triple aluminum sheets were tested.The study includes the testing of the selected plates in water under the effect of different peak pressures and the analysis of the results.The strain gauge data and displacement sensors results showed that the multi-layer plates have higher level of underwater shock wave mitigation than the triple aluminum plates with strain and deflection of nearly 50%.     

低速磁浮轨道几何参数测量系统

轨道几何状态是影响低速磁浮列车运行安全性和舒适性的重要指标,因此,必须定期测量轨道几何参数,并根据测量结果结果开展轨道维护,使轨道状态保持良好。利用FMS01完成了唐山1.5km低速磁浮轨道线路几何参数测量,结果表明,以用水准仪的精密测量高低结果为参考,FMS01的高低测量最大误差不超过±0.7mm;以多次测量的平均值为参考,各参数测量的最大误差不超过±0.2mm。     

Elements of a theory in non-convex programming

The question of necessary and sufficient optimality conditions for non-convex programs is analyzed in the general context of subadditivity. Several types of convex set extensions are investigated to generate valid inequalities from the corresponding gauge functions.     

Statistical equivalency and optimality of simple step‐stress accelerated test plans for the exponential distribution

Accelerated life testing (ALT) is commonly used to obtain reliability information about a product in a timely manner. Several stress loading designs have been proposed and recent research interests have emerged concerning the development of equivalent ALT plans. Step‐stress ALT (SSALT) is one of the most commonly used stress loadings because it usually shortens the test duration and reduces the number of required test units. This article considers two fundamental questions when designing a SSALT and provides formal proofs in answer to each. Namely: (1) can a simple SSALT be designed so that it is equivalent to other stress loading designs? (2) when optimizing a multilevel SSALT, does it degenerate to a simple SSALT plan? The answers to both queries, under certain reasonable model assumptions, are shown to be a qualified YES. In addition, we provide an argument to support the rationale of a common practice in designing a SSALT, that is, setting the higher stress level as high as possible in a SSALT plan. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2013     

Prediction of flow stress of 7017 aluminium alloy under high strain rate compression at elevated temperatures

An artificial neural network(ANN) constitutive model and JohnsoneC ook(Je C) model were developed for 7017 aluminium alloy based on high strain rate data generated from split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB) experiments at various temperatures. A neural network configuration consists of both training and validation, which is effectively employed to predict flow stress. Temperature, strain rate and strain are considered as inputs, whereas flow stress is taken as output of the neural network. A comparative study on Johnsone Cook(Je C) model and neural network model was performed. It was observed that the developed neural network model could predict flow stress under various strain rates and temperatures. The experimental stressestrain data obtained from high strain rate compression tests using SHPB over a range of temperatures(25 e300 C), strains(0.05e0.3) and strain rates(1500e4500 s 1) were employed to formulate JeC model to predict the flow stress behaviour of 7017 aluminium alloy under high strain rate loading. The JeC model and the back-propagation ANN model were developed to predict the flow stress of 7017 aluminium alloy under high strain rates, and their predictability was evaluated in terms of correlation coefficient(R) and average absolute relative error(AARE). R and AARE for the J-C model are found to be 0.8461 and 10.624%, respectively, while R and AARE for the ANN model are 0.9995 and 2.58%, respectively. The predictions of ANN model are observed to be in consistent with the experimental data for all strain rates and temperatures.     

Effect of bending temperatures on the microstructure and springback of a TRIP steel sheet

Transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) steel possesses high strength and formability, enabling the use of a thinner gauge material and allowing for the fabrication of complex shapes. In this research, we measured the effect of bending temperatures on the microstructure and air-bending springback angle of TRIP steel at temperatures from 25 to 600 °C. Real-time in situ X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were used for pre- and postbending analysis. As the prebending temperature increased from 25 °C to 600 °C, the retained austenite (RA) volume fraction decreased, and the RA transformed to bainite at temperatures above 400 °C. The springback angle was positively correlated with the prebending RA volume fraction, with the smallest springback angle achieved at 400 °C. Additionally, the springback angle was positively correlated with the bending angle, because the RA transformation ratio contributed to increased strain hardening. Further microstructure analysis revealed that the RA became elongated in the tension direction as the bending temperatures increased.