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1.
美国的弹道导弹防御新策略   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3  
由美国国会1999 年3 月决定加速发展“最具前途”的高层战区 导弹防御系统, 所以有关美国弹道导弹防御的新策略近期成了全球讨论的热点。文章从描述 美国战区导弹防御系统和国家导弹防御系统的基本配置和拦截试验出发, 简要介绍了美国的 弹道导弹防御计划。最后指出, 弹道导弹防御的核心思想是以数量庞大的精确制导武器摧毁来袭弹道导弹, 在战略导弹防御的三个阶段实施反导作战。  相似文献   

2.
ABSTRACT

Since 2002, NATO's territorial missile defense has evoked continuous debates between NATO states and the Russian Federation. Thirteen years have passed without reaching a common denominator. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the historical background of the debate and the technical details of the missile defense system, highlighting its shortcomings and the state of its deployment process. It also contrasts the military-technical and political arguments of both sides, before addressing the applicable norms of international law to highlight violations and the effect of this noncompliance on existing arms control measures.  相似文献   

3.
    
ABSTRACT

Over the past decade, contrary to declarations that they are pursuing “minimum” deterrence, India and Pakistan have considerably expanded their missile forces. India has developed eleven types of missiles while Pakistan has fielded nine. These missile forces have a mixed impact on deterrence stability. Both states' medium-range missiles strengthen their countervalue deterrent capabilities against the other, though India's China-specific missiles still have limitations. India's and Pakistan's short-range missiles and first-generation naval systems raise concerns about nuclear ambiguity, command and control, and escalation across the nuclear threshold, ultimately undermining deterrence stability on the subcontinent.  相似文献   

4.
The question of nuclear stability in South Asia is a subject of both academic and policy significance. It is the only region in the world that has three, contiguous nuclear-armed states: India, the People's Republic of China, and Pakistan. It is also freighted with unresolved border disputes. To compound matters, all three states are now modernizing their nuclear forces and have expressed scant interest in any form of regional arms control. These issues and developments constitute the basis of this special section, which explores the problems and prospects of nuclear crisis stability in the region.  相似文献   

5.
6.
1 999年 3月 ,美国国会参众两院通过了国家导弹防御系统的法案 ,该法案规定 ,一旦该系统研制成功 ,美国应立即予以部署 ,从而引起国际社会和舆论的广泛关注。简要介绍了美国弹道导弹防御计划的演变 ,国家导弹防御系统的组成、性能特点和基本配置以及拦截试验的基本情况。  相似文献   

7.
战区导弹防御(TMD)和国家导弹防御(NMD)   总被引:2,自引:4,他引:2  
概述了弹道导弹防御的发展,弹道导弹防御系统的分类.对战区导弹防御系统和国家导弹防御系统及其所用拦截武器进行了综合介绍.  相似文献   

8.
2010年美国弹道导弹防御系统发展发生重大变化。从导弹防御发展策略入手,总结略有不同的一体化导弹防御系统建设进展,并结合一年来美国导弹防御系统发展动向,分析未来导弹防御系统的发展趋势。  相似文献   

9.
    
The Indian nuclear program is a response to a perceived politico-strategic threat from China as opposed to a military-operational one that New Delhi began after perceiving an “ultimatum” from China in 1965. Consequently, India is in the process of acquiring an assured second-strike capability vis-à-vis China to meet the requirements of general deterrence. While India has always been concerned about the Sino-Pakistani nuclear/missile nexus, China has become wary of the growing military ties between the United States and India in recent years, especially because of the military implications of the US-India civil nuclear deal. Given the growing conventional military gap between the two states, India is not lowering its nuclear threshold to meet the Chinese conventional challenge. Instead, India is upgrading its conventional military strategy from dissuasion to deterrence against China. While the overall Sino-Indian nuclear relationship is stable, it will be challenged as China acquires advanced conventional weapons that blur the distinction between conventional and nuclear conflict.  相似文献   

10.
美国导弹防御系统的发展动向分析   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5  
介绍了美国导弹防御系统的发展历程以及装备的研制、改进情况,指出了在现代战争中发展美国导弹防御系统的优势和重要性,重点探讨了国家导弹防御系统NMD、美国战区导弹防御系统TMD、海军全战区弹道导弹防御系统NTW、海军区域导弹防御系统NAD的性能及其特点,最后论述了美国导弹防御系统的发展动向分析,美国导弹防御系统的未来的防御手段,主要是新型的定向能武器和动能武器。  相似文献   

11.
多目标拦截是弹道导弹防御的重大难题,也是目前美国导弹防御系统所遇到的最大的技术难点。在将多目标问题分为单弹头攻击和多弹头攻击2类问题的基础上,结合美国的相关研究计划,分别针对核爆炸防御、助推段防御、先进的目标识别器和多拦截器防御等多目标拦截策略进行了分析研究。  相似文献   

12.
    
While recent history arguably demonstrates a high level of nuclear stability in South Asia, this article argues that this stability has historically been a function of India's relative weakness. It argues that, as India becomes stronger, attention must be paid to the technical and political requirements of nuclear stability: the reliability of weapons and command and control and the political conditions that underpin stable relations between nuclear-armed states. It concludes by recommending the United States aim to modify the perceptions of regional elites about their various intentions and decision-making processes and the role of the United States as crisis manager.  相似文献   

13.
    
This essay provides an overview of the ongoing quantitative and qualitative changes in Pakistan's nuclear arsenal and their impact on deterrence stability vis-à-vis India. Prominent among these trends is a major expansion in fissile material production that enables the manufacture of lighter and more compact warheads optimized for battlefield missions; the development of cruise missiles and shorter-range ballistic missiles possessing dual-use capabilities; and a greater emphasis in doctrinal pronouncements on the need for strike options geared to all levels of conflict. Although these trends pose problematic ramifications for the risks of unauthorized and inadvertent escalation, deterrence stability in South Asia is not as precarious as many observers fear. The challenges of fashioning a robust nuclear peace between India and Pakistan cannot be lightly dismissed, however, and policy makers would do well to undertake some reinforcing measures.  相似文献   

14.
现代巡航导弹防御的特点分析   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
现代巡航导弹具有超低空、机动飞行、精确制导和隐身性能的特点,它突防能力极强, 是现代战争的重要威胁之一。拦截巡航导弹已成为正在发展的防空导弹重要任 务之一。针对巡航导弹防御的必要性和可行性及存在的主要问题进行了评估, 介绍了美国巡 航导弹防御领域的试验进展情况  相似文献   

15.
从作战效率的角度,建立多层防御系统的概率模型,分析单层防御系统性能变化对整体的影响;建立目标毁伤概率模型,分析单个目标命中概率对单层防御系统性能的影响;建立单层防御系统的贝努利实验模型,分析识别能力和毁伤能力对系统效能的影响.通过这些简单的概率模型,反向分析探讨了针对分层防御系统的弹道导弹突防问题.  相似文献   

16.
主要介绍了美国战区导弹防御的发展过程及其 4个核心系统 ,即“爱国者”PAC - 3、海军区域导弹防御系统、陆军战区高空区域导弹防御系统、海军全战区系统。  相似文献   

17.
分析了现代反舰导弹的特点(包括超声速反舰导弹的弱点)及未来发展趋势,论述了当前国外反导防御的手段及新思想,指出末端防御的重要性。主要讨论了目前防空反导系统存在的困难及火控系统存在的局限性,总结了反舰导弹末端具有的弱点(红外特征明显、速度过大不易机动等),从系统的角度论述了末端拦截反舰导弹的可行性及需研究的新技术。  相似文献   

18.
Eating Grass: The Making of the Pakistani Bomb, by Feroz Hassan Khan. Stanford University Press, 2012. 544 pages, $29.95.

Managing India's Nuclear Forces, by Verghese Koithara. Brookings Institution Press, 2012. 304 pages, $59.95.  相似文献   

19.
针对混合配置和部属不同类型的防空导弹武器构成全空域的防空系统中多目标的优化分配问题,介绍了混编防空导弹系统的关键要素和武器系统目标分配方法的现状,研究了防空自动化指挥系统中作战单元的的目标分配的原则、要素和约束条件,根据实际的防空导弹的数据处理特点,设计了一种实用可行的目标分配优化算法,并用VB进行了模型的作战仿真。  相似文献   

20.
从现代空袭兵器的性能和战术运用特点出发,根据海军基地及沿海地区对空防御的需求,分析了发展防空导弹巡逻艇的必要性和重要性,并简要分析说明了防空导弹巡逻艇的性能和战术运用。  相似文献   

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