海军武器装备作战试验规划与实施问题探究

为了满足海军战斗力生成模式转变和新型作战力量建设的需求,立足武器装备试验改革实践,系统阐述了海军武器装备作战试验的基本概念、目标定位和典型特点,从想定筹划、检验内容、实施模式、手段方法、组织指挥、能力构成、实施流程、项目规划等方面提出了海军武器装备作战试验规划与实施过程,界定了开展作战试验评定的时机,并探讨了对采办决策的支持作用。     

水面舰艇设计定型试验项目规划与实施研究

为满足海军战斗力生成模式转变和新型作战力量建设的需求,立足新型水面舰艇设计定型试验实践,系统分析了我国海军舰艇装备研制程序、试验类型、特点和发展需求,从总体性能、综合特性、作战能力和保障能力等方面规划了新型水面舰艇设计定型试验的项目体系,探讨了试验组织实施的阶段划分、模式方法、管理要素和节点流程,提出了基于装备性能、作战能力和作战效能的评估方法和流程,为海军新型水面舰艇设计定型试验的顶层设计和创新实践提供技术支撑。     

海军发展无人作战平台的需求、现状与展望

阐述了未来战争对海军发展无人作战平台的需求，举例说明了海军无人作战平台的主要类型和用途。详细论述了海军无人作战平台的技术性能、作战能力、使用特点和作战应用，分析了世界各国发展海军无人作战平台的现状和趋势。通过对美国发展海军无人作战平台的主要政策和做法的分析，提出了对我国研究、发展海军无人作战平台的启示和建议。     

美国海军正在进入信息时代

美国海军受到革新的影响和海军界人士才智的激励,本身发生了转变。舰队作战D-试验仅仅是一个征兆,它正在从例行试验转向探索未来的创造性演习。为了发展,海军部门必须改变思考作战和节约资源的方式。     

海军特种作战军事概念格式化描述框架和模板研究

介绍了海军特种作战军事概念格式化描述的方法。对海军特种作战军事概念格式化描述的要求进行深入分析,得出格式化描述的基本思路：用面向对象的方法对海军特种作战军事行动进行分解,给出一套规范和格式,使军事人员对军事行动的格式化表述清晰地提供出技术人员所熟悉的面向对象的概念和机制。根据这种思路对海军特种作战军事行动进行分析,抽取出格式化描述的五个要素：作战单位、动作、作战行动、信息和作战环境,从而建立海军特种作战军事概念格式化描述的框架并详细研究了上述五个要素的描述框架和模板结构。     

海军特种作战军事概念格式化描述框架和模板研究*

介绍了海军特种作战军事概念格式化描述的方法.对海军特种作战军事概念格式化描述的要求进行深入分析,得出格式化描述的基本思路:用面向对象的方法对海军特种作战军事行动进行分解,给出一套规范和格式,使军事人员对军事行动的格式化表述清晰地提供出技术人员所熟悉的面向对象的概念和机制.根据这种思路对海军特种作战军事行动进行分析,抽取出格式化描述的五个要素:作战单位、动作、作战行动、信息和作战环境,从而建立海军特种作战军事概念格式化描述的框架并详细研究了上述五个要素的描述框架和模板结构.     

仿真技术应用在现役作战舰艇中

集仿真与测试于一体的仿真技术已广泛应用于舰船作战系统的研究、设计、试验和作战操作训练、使用维护等方面。本文从××型作战系统应用的仿真技术出发,概述了系统的仿真测试原理和试验情况,以及今后的发展想法,从一个侧面展示了仿真技术在海军装备现代化建设中的成功应用。     

大数据生态系统在海军作战中的应用

大数据的开发和使用在海军作战训练过程中的作用愈发突出。介绍了海军作战过程中的大数据特征,在此基础上对美国海军大数据生态系统的体系架构进行了分析,最后给出了我国海军作战大数据建设的现状并提出相应的对策建议。     

MGIS技术在海军信息战中的应用*

针对军事地理信息系统(Military Geographic Information System,MGIS)在世界海军信息化作战中的重要作用及其研究现状,给出了MGIS的概念、信息流程和系统主要组成,详细阐述了MGIS在海军作战中的主要功能及其实现技术,系统论述了MGIS在海军信息化作战中的应用。最后总结了MGIS技术研究的重要意义。     

作战实验在海军装备体系建设中的应用研究

结合国内外作战实验研究现状,详细分析了作战实验体系的应用领域和类别,描述了典型作战实验体系的构架,在此基础上重点对作战实验在海军装备体系建设中的应用需求进行了分析,最后提出了一种作战实验在海军装备体系建设中的典型应用模式。     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.