面向任务的作战数据保障能力评估方法与工具

作战数据保障为部队的指挥决策和作战行动提供数据服务,是确保精确指挥和精确打击的重要措施。提出面向任务的作战数据保障能力评估过程,建立作战数据保障能力评估指标体系,研究了作战数据保障能力的指标量化分析方法,开发相应的评估工具。该工具支持指标体系编辑、指标量化和数据采集等功能,为作战数据保障能力评估提供了有效的支持。     

合成部队作战能力评估的全过程累积法及其实现

从更好体现相关基本军事观点和社会科学原理出发,对合成部队的作战过程、作战能力评估的目标与手段、作战能力的构成要素及其作用等基本军事问题进行了分析,据此指出了目前评估方法存在的问题及其根源。提出合成部队整体综合作战能力评估的全过程累积法,并建立了综合评估模型。建立了实现评估需要的单项能力累积指数模型、单项能力平均维持率模型和评估指标体系。     

部队作战能力评估程序研究

本文从简介美军作战能力评估程序出发,在系统分析部队作战能力评估程序的概念与构成要素的基础上,将部队作战能力评估程序划分为部队作战能力评估准备、部队作战能力评估实施和部队作战能力评估结果处理三个阶段,并详细阐述了每个阶段的具体步骤,形成了一套较为规范的部队作战能力评估程序.     

基于模糊综合评价DEA方法的信息化部队作战能力评估

针对信息化部队作战能力,探讨了模糊综合评价与数据包络分析(DEA)理论的应用,提出了信息化作战部队能力评估指标体系,并采用模糊综合评价进行初步评估,构建了适合于能力评价的DEA模型,研究了评估结果的相对有效性,实例证明,该方法在综合评价等领域具有很强的实用性。     

基于Vague集极值记分函数的装甲分队目标威胁评估

为了快速准确地对装甲分队作战单元面临的目标进行威胁度判断,提高信息化装甲分队作战辅助决策水平,建立了基于Vague集的极值记分函数评估模型,且构造了适合威胁评估的记分函数。实例分析表明,该模型可有效地完成目标威胁评估与排序,为分队火力优化控制提供重要数据支持。     

基于灰色系统理论的潜艇作战效能评估

为研究潜艇装备的作战使用效能,提出其效能评价指标体系。用改进的权重分析法确定潜艇作战效能评价指标权重,用改进的灰色评估理论建立潜艇作战效能评估模型。以某常规潜艇为例,用建立的模型进行量化评估,能充分利用决策者的判断信息,较为准确地反映实际情况。该模型可为部队训练和作战提供潜艇装备的战斗效能数据,找出影响潜艇作战能力的敏感因素,为发展新型装备提供依据。     

陆军部队一体化作战能力生成模式分析南京政治学院上海分院，上海 200433

在界定陆军部队一体化作战概念的基础上,分析了陆军部队一体化作战的含义,将陆军部队作战系统划分为态势感知、指挥控制和实体交战三个域,建立了域间动态对抗过程模型;提出信息成为作战能力的基本要素,构造了信息化条件下陆军部队一体化作战能力生成模式,并建立了基于＂信息指数＂与传统作战能力融合的作战能力评估方法,有效地解决了＂信息＂在作战能力生成中的定量评估的问题,对创新陆军部队作战能力生成模式转变具有借鉴意义。     

数字化坦克营作战能力灰色聚类评估

评估数字化坦克营的作战能力对推动数字化装甲部队建设、提高部队战斗力具有一定的现实意义。以灰色系统理论为基础,将层次分析法和灰色评估法相结合,建立了数字化坦克营的灰色聚类评估模型,论述了利用该模型进行评估的基本步骤,结合实例对数字化坦克营作战能力进行了聚类评估,提出了提高数字化坦克营作战能力的方法。评估结果比较符合实际情况,证明了该模型的正确性。     

信息系统体系作战弹药保障能力评估

弹药信息化是武器装备信息化的重要组成部分,直接影响战斗力的生成。如何分析、评估保障单位在信息系统体系作战弹药信息化保障能力的建设水平,对我军信息化建设至关重要。在分析影响弹药信息化保障能力形成的主要因素的基础上,构建了符合我军弹药信息化保障能力特点的评估指标体系,提出了一种基于主成分和集对分析法综合分析的基于信息系统体系作战弹药信息化保障能力评估方法,通过该方法可求得指标权重,最终获得被评估单位弹药信息化保障能力的整体建设水平。结合实例分析,验证构建的评估模型能够用于我军基于信息系统体系作战弹药信息化保障能力的评估,进一步为如何提高弹药信息化保障能力提供技术指导。     

基于元学习的作战行动效能评估标准数据生成方法研究

部队作战行动效能评估难度大的主要原因是缺乏科学可靠的评估标准数据。为了选择适当的算法生成评估标准数据,建立了基于元学习的评估标准数据生成方法总体框架,并提出集成近似排序树方法来建立作战行动数据集元特征与算法性能排序的映射关系形成元知识,从而辅助指挥决策人员选择适当的算法生成评估标准数据。     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Panjwai: a tale of two COINs in Afghanistan

The US Army has two approaches to counterinsurgency operations in Afghanistan. One is hard, or combat-focused, and the other is soft, or development-focused. This study examines two US Army task forces deployed to Panjwai District, Afghanistan from 2012 to 2013. CTF 4-9 and 1-38 offer a meaningful comparison because they pursued these contrasting approaches among the same population and against the same enemy at the same time and place. The study compares each unit’s approach and finds that neither approach was successful absent the other. The article concludes by recommending further research into combining the approaches at the operational level.