POLITICAL CHANGE AND BORDER SECURITY REFORM IN EURASIA: The cCase of Georgia

This article presents four challenges to promoting border security in post-Soviet Eurasia, even in those states that have experienced regime change and profess new interest in constructing sound state institutions. The analysis is drawn from the specific example of Georgia—a major recipient of U.S. border security assistance and the site of several intercepted efforts of radioactive materials trafficking—but it is relevant to other states in the region, as well. The challenges assessed are: (1) the gradual nature of border regime reform, (2) trade-offs that subordinate border reform to other developmental priorities, (3) bureaucratic inertia and politics, and (4) the continued existence of unrecognized territories that lie beyond the reach of the state and of international law.     

多微处理器监控系统的设计

通过对多微处理器系统并行度和系统性能之问关系的研究,设计了处理任务多、实时性强、性价比高的多微处理器监控系统,并应用到纵横制交换机计费管理系统当中。     

BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL WEAPONS ARMS CONTROL IN THE MIDDLE EAST

Nonproliferation policies to prevent biological and chemical weapons use are important, but insufficient, particularly in view of the rise of global terrorism. Given the history of developing and using these weapons, it is crucial that governments properly prepare for biological and chemical threats, whether naturally occurring or man-made, such as by developing and managing effective healthcare infrastructure to mitigate widespread illness and injuries resulting from pandemics or terrorist attacks. Although the Middle East is one of the most sensitive and complex areas in the world—especially regarding regional arms control efforts and prevention—coordinating preparedness strategies among states in the region may be possible. Cooperatively addressing biological and chemical threats could lead to constructive progress towards the otherwise elusive goal of establishing a weapons of mass destruction-free zone in the Middle East.     

成型铸钢件的缺陷形貌与评定

本文在显微形貌分析的基础上,运用断裂力学的方法,对射流消能器铸钢缺陷进行了分析,预测了其疲劳寿命,给出了初始缺陷的评判标准。切剖检测和跟踪统计表明,理论结果与实际情况一致。     

蓄电池充电机检测与控制系统研究

本文分析了目前蓄电池充电机的诸多缺点,提出了智能充电机的设想,并着重研究了其检测与控制系统,根据该设想,已成功地设计制造了新一代智能充电机。     

PWM型串联开关稳压电源的隔离测控

本文研究运用MCS—51系列单片机对战术导弹性能综合测试系统的电源系统实施隔离测控的办法,阐述了其电路的工作原理,并对测试精度进行了分析。     

病态信息控制的理论与方法研究进展

论述了“病态信息”概念的形成过程及初步定义 ,讨论了病态信息的危害 ,阐述了病态信息研究的目的意义 ,阐明了国内外相关研究的基本情况、主要观点及其对病态信息的控制产生的影响 ,提出了病态信息控制的理论与方法的框架体系结构 ,最后综述病态信息研究的主要进展情况、主要应用情况及发展前景。     

一种不用A/D的数字式落高自动测控系统

通过对现有多卜勒探测体制的模拟电路式落高控制方法及应用A/D的单片机落高测控方法的分析,提出一种不用A/D的单片机落高测控方法,该方法利用多普勒脉宽提取落高信息,以比较器替代常用的A/D转换器。设计了相应的硬件电路和应用软件。通过了仿真试验的验证。     

HJ-73导弹综合检测系统测控模块研制

以STD总线微机系统为核心构成的自动检测系统,具有高可靠性,模块化开放式结构等特点。HJ-73导弹综合检测系统的测控模块由STD总线单片机系统构成,本文介绍丁测控模块测量方法、硬件软件构成及工作原理。     

INTEGRATING NUCLEAR WEAPONS STOCKPILE MANAGEMENT AND NUCLEAR ARMS CONTROL OBJECTIVES TO ENABLE SIGNIFICANT STOCKPILE REDUCTIONS

In his 2009 Prague speech and the 2010 Nuclear Posture Review, President Barack Obama committed the United States to take concrete steps toward nuclear disarmament while maintaining a safe, secure, and effective nuclear deterrent. There is an inherent tension between these two goals that is best addressed through improved integration of nuclear weapons objectives with nuclear arms control objectives. This article reviews historical examples of the interaction between the two sets of objectives, develops a framework for analyzing opportunities for future integration, and suggests specific ideas that could benefit the nuclear weapons enterprise as it undergoes transformation and that could make the future enterprise compatible with a variety of arms control futures.     

电镀工艺过程的微机控制

本文论述了采用程序控制法,完成镀液主元离子浓度最优控制的设计思想、设计步骤和实现方法,并给出了具体设计实例和程序框图。按本文介绍的方法设计的“电镀工艺过程微机控制系统”,已在一些厂家试用。结果表明:镀层质量和电镀效率有很大提高,具有明显的经济效益和社会效益。     

ALTERNATIVE NARRATIVES FOR ARMS CONTROL

The efforts of President Barack Obama and his administration to restore the United States as a driving force of multilateral arms control and nonproliferation negotiations are commendable, yet the lack of progress on such issues over the last eight years has ensured that U.S. policy has not kept pace with changes in the geostrategic environment and the evolving security agenda. Meanwhile, an alternative agenda has been articulated by non-Western countries. This article focuses on the arms control perspectives of Non-Aligned Movement states and others that have begun to embrace the idea of “disarmament as humanitarian action.” It explores this idea in the context of recent initiatives and argues that if the Obama administration wants to make progress on its arms control and nonproliferation priorities, it should consider a multifaceted approach that incorporates this emerging alternative agenda.     

HARNESSING GLOBAL TRADE DATA FOR BIOLOGICAL ARMS CONTROL

Unlike treaties dealing with nuclear and chemical weapons, the Biological Weapons Convention still lacks formal verification measures, 31 years after entering into force. Here we propose a global export-import monitoring system of biological dual-use items as an additional measure for a web of biological arms controls that could complement traditional export controls. We suggest that such a measure may help to guide consultation or verification processes in the biological area.     

ASSESSING SMALL ARMS CONTROL INITIATIVES IN EAST AFRICA

The creation of a new defence force was an essential step in South Africa's negotiated settlement. The integration of previously antagonistic forces was made more difficult by the differences in training, resources and political affiliations. The planning for the changes ended in April 1994 when a common institutional culture and camaraderie within the organisation had been created and a manageable and goal-oriented planning framework agreed upon. A second, absorption phase, then commenced, which saw MK, APLA and the TBVC forces being absorbed into structures which, though new, were mainly those of the SADF. The real shift occurred in March 1998 when a report submitted by the Chief of the National Defence Force brought about his own resignation. Power then shifted away from the conservative axis to more constitutionally inclined officers who supported the democratic transition and the military restructuring.     

CIVIL CONTROL OF THE ZAMBIAN MILITARY SINCE INDEPENDENCE

Democratic rule requires, amongst other things, orderly civil-military relations. Zambia's military, with some exceptions, have generally remained under firm civilian control, unlike many forces in the region. Initially the military was based on the British colonial model but during the struggle for independence the force was indigenised. Instead of representing a colonial power, the military came to represent a specific political viewpoint: one party participatory democracy. President Kaunda, the leader of UNIP, was chiefly responsible for the politicisation of the military and ensuring its loyalty to the ruling party. Quasi-military institutions such as the Combined Cadet Force and the Home Guard Unit were useful links between civilian and military personnel. When Frederick Chiluba, leader of the MMD, took over in 1991 he tried to make the military more professional and curb its power over civilian affairs. A defence council and parliamentary regulation were instituted to avoid further military coups.     

基于FUZZY控制的弹药供应辅助决策

在讨论FUZZY控制器基本结构的基础上 ,提出了弹药供应FUZZY控制系统实现的基本构想 ,并以摩步师对野战阵地防御之敌进攻战斗弹药供应控制为例进行了具体的分析和实现。     

弹道式导弹自对准系统的随机最优控制

固定基座发射的弹道式导弹,可以利用三轴陀螺平台罗盘系统来实现全方位自对准。在考虑到系统噪声及测量噪声情况下,根据离散型线性随机系统最优控制的分离定理,实现平台罗盘自对准系统的最优控制。计算结果表明,所讨论的方法,可以在对准精度、对准时闻及对随机干扰信号的滤波作用诸性能要求方面,获得满意的结果。     

引信发火控制系统环境识别研究

本文通过对影响武器系统终端效能各因素的分析,提出了利用弹道信息对引信炸点实施自适应控制与弹道识别的基本原理及弹道特征量的确定准则,并给出了三种不同的弹道特征量。     

模拟式火控系统仿真通用建模方法

根据模拟式火控系统的数学模型和基本组成,本文论述了实施系统仿真时解算公式系和各主要子系统的一般建模方法。作为应用举例,给出了一种火控系统的仿真数学模型。同时提出了仿真模型有效性的一种通用检验方法。