U.S. Military Aid to Taiwan during the Korean War

1950年朝鲜战争爆发,美国基于国家利益,开始改变对台政策,重启对台军事援助。美国对台军事援助的内容包括大量武器装备、巨额军费以及派遣军事顾问团。其特点是以加强台湾防御力量为主,力求维持两岸军事平衡;军事援助与经济援助并行,经济援助配合军事援助;政治上的象征意义大于军事上的实际意义等。美国对台军事援助提升了美台军事关系,重新武装了国民党军队,迫使中关关系走向对抗,导致台湾海峡两岸长期对峙。     

朝鲜战争:现代局部战争的开端

朝鲜战争是在美苏冷战对抗的初期发生的,始终都有演变为全面战争的可能,但是战争并没有越出朝鲜国境。这场战争充分表现了现代局部战争的一些基本特征:战争目的的有限性、战争范围的有限性、战争以政治解决告终。朝鲜战争作为现代局部战争的开端,对战后世界军事产生了深远的影响。     

试析美国内战中联邦政府的战争决策

发生于19世纪中叶的美国内战规模空前,影响深远.在战争爆发前和战争进行中,联邦政府的决策者面临较为棘手的决策困境:既要追求联邦主义,又要兼顾州权主义;既要维护统一大局,又要做出战争决择;既要反对奴隶制,又要利用奴隶制.这些困境导致联邦政府的战争决策经历了一个不断调整的过程,主要体现在4个方面:一是解放黑人奴隶;二是实行征兵制;三是出台《宅地法》;四是选择适合当时情况的战争规模.联邦政府的决策总体上是成功的,最后实现了美国真正的统一.     

An early-accept modification to the test plans of military standard 781C

This paper is concerned with the statistical test plans contained in Military Standard 781C, “Reliability Design Qualification and Production Acceptance Tests: Exponential Distribution” and the selection and use of these plans. Modifications to the fixed-length test plans of MIL-STD-781C are presented which allow early-accept decisions to be made without sacrificing statistical validity. The proposed plans differ from the probability ratio sequential tests in the Standard in that rejection is permitted only after a fixed number of failures have been observed.     

The Scandinavian Triangle: Danish-Norwegian-Swedish military intelligence cooperation and Swedish security policy during the first part of the Cold War

This article deals with Scandinavian intelligence cooperation and its significance for Swedish security policy during the first part of the Cold War. First, the development of the cooperation is described. Second, it is related to a wider context. Third, intelligence in Swedish security policy-making is discussed. Common security interests caused the cooperation. For Sweden, it represented an important part of the wider contacts with the West. Although military intelligence was important for Swedish security policy-making in some respects (e.g. military readiness), it did not have a significant influence in others (e.g. the politicians' threat perceptions). One important reason is the Swedish tradition of weak connections between the political and military leadership.     

朝鲜战争中苏联对华军事援助探析

抗美援朝战争的胜利与苏联对华军事援助是分不开的,这些援助包括提供军事贷款、出售武器装备、提供技术援助、培训军事人才等,尤其是苏联空军的直接参战,有效地保证了中朝军队的后方补给线,为战争的胜利提供了必要的保障。     

On the use of standard tables to obtain Dodge-Romig LTPD sampling inspection plans

Procedures are described which yield single and double sample Dodge-Romig [1] lot tolerance percent defective (LTPD) rectifying inspection plans. For the determination of such plans only a desk calculator and standard tables of the discrete probability distributions are required. Some advantages gained by using these procedures rather than the Dodge-Romig table include: (a) The Consumer's Risk is not limited to 0.10. (b) More choices of LTPD are available. (c) Smaller average total inspection is achieved by using a plan designed for specific “process average” and lot size rather than a compromise plan designed to cover intervals on these two parameters.     

The day Stalin died: American plans for exploiting the Soviet succession crisis of 1953

One of the effects of Deng Xiaoping's economic reforms is the steady erosion of the ideological integrity of Marxism‐Leninism‐Maoism. To compensate for that erosion, the Chinese Communist Party has turned to patriotic nationalism for a new source of legitimacy. China's new nationalism transcends mere rhetoric but is manifested in the behavior of its armed forces ‐ which makes an understanding of the nationalist ideology of the People's Liberation Army (PLA) important. As revealed in PLA and related military publications, that ideology is a potentially problematic mix of wounded pride, historical resentment, and irredentism.     

抗美援朝战争时期的中朝两军联合司令部

中朝两军联合司令部是在抗美援朝战争中,中朝两军面临与美国为首的＂联合国军＂作战,需要统一指挥和协调的特定历史条件下建立的。它的建立对统一指挥中朝军队作战,夺取抗美援朝战争的胜利有重要作用。