非均匀初速度的战斗部静态飞散区设计

针对防空导弹拦截高速目标时存在的战斗部破片动态飞散区变窄问题,提出一种非均匀初速度的战斗部破片静态飞散区设计方法,使战斗部前端破片静态飞散区至后端破片静态飞散区内的破片初速度具有逐渐递增的分布特征。通过仿真验证,该设计方法可使导弹拦截高速目标时的破片动态飞散区变宽,能覆盖更宽的引信启动散布区,有利于提高防空导弹拦截高速目标的引战配合效果。     

某型防空导弹杀伤概率评估

基于防空导弹战斗部爆炸后的杀伤特征,对战斗部爆炸后产生的有效破片、破片飞行速度、破片对目标的覆盖面积进行了分析,建立了防空导弹杀伤概率评估模型。采用仿真弹道数据,对打击目标F-16战斗机应用s im u link仿真工具绘出了杀伤概率曲线,其结果与实际分析相一致,验证了评估模型的可用性。     

地面防空导弹引战配合数字仿真研究

防空导弹技术的迅速发展和武器装备的不断更新,对防空导弹的训练应用仿真技术提出了较高的要求,着眼于地面防空武器,分析了引战配合的关键技术,首先建立引战配合的数学模型,然后在此基础上介绍防空导弹引战配合仿真系统,最后对引信、战斗部和目标的作用过程进行动态仿真,给出了仿真结果以及战斗部破片的动态飞散区域图形.直观显示出引战配合的效果和对目标的毁伤程度.为日后进一步提高引战配合效率提供了参数依据,在提高防空武器系统的性能上具有重要意义.     

重力及阻力对大气层内辅助杀伤系统的影响

针对防空导弹慢速抛撒大质量破片以提高毁伤能力的辅助杀伤系统,在导弹小攻角运动时考虑重力与空气阻力建立了破片三维斜抛运动的动力学模型,提出分段线面求交法的碰撞判断方法,计算并分析了空气阻力与重力对破片命中点参数的影响。结果表明,在5 km高空,重力与空气阻力的作用对破片命中点的影响明显,而且随着脱靶量的增加而影响加剧,在起爆控制仿真和毁伤评估仿真时不能忽略。     

导弹破片与作战飞机的交汇分析

在简化假设的前提下,对导弹破片与作战飞机的交汇进行分析,首次在三维坐标系中建立导弹破片与飞机的交汇模型,推导破片相对于飞机的三维弹道轨迹方程,并确定在导弹打击下飞机的受损区域.导弹破片与飞机的交汇模型的建立和破片弹道轨迹方程的获得,为在导弹打击下的飞机损伤概率计算奠定基础.     

随动定向战斗部破片飞散特性研究

针对防空导弹常规破片式杀伤战斗部使用中存在能量利用率低的缺陷,提出采用随动定向战斗部的观点。建立随动定向战斗部的破片动态飞散区和飞散速度的计算模型,采用数值解析方法,解决在复杂弹目交会条件下破片的飞散区域与打击速度的计算问题．并用MATLAB软件对建立的模型进行验证,得出仿真结果与实际结果一致,这表明模型是合理、正确的。     

世界防空导弹市场发展分析

以世界防空导弹型号为研究对象,概述了世界防空导弹市场的总体发展现状,分别对便携式防空导弹、中低空中近程防空导弹和中高空中远程防空导弹市场现状进行了分析。预测了未来１０年世界防空导弹市场的发展趋势。     

防空导弹

防空导弹的定义、分类和组成定义从地(舰)面发射,攻击空中目标(包括固定翼飞机、直升机和各种战术导弹)的导弹,称为防空导弹。防空导弹与发射设备、地(舰)面制导设备以及技术保障设备等构成防空导弹武器系统。分类防空导弹系统有不同的分类方法。(1)按射高和射程分为中高空、中远程,中低空、中近程,低空近程和便携四类防空导弹。前两种导弹又称为面防御防空导弹;后两类称为点防御防空导弹。(2)按用途分为国土防空、野战防空和海上防空三类。国土防空导弹系统通     

俄罗斯现代防空导弹体系的发展

论述了俄罗斯现代防空导弹体系 ,包括第 3,4代国土防空、野战防空和海军舰艇防空导弹体系的发展 ,对俄罗斯第 4代防空导弹体系的发展需求作了较详细的分析 ,介绍了俄罗斯现代防空导弹体系中几种典型防空导弹系统的主要战术技术性能 ,分析了俄罗斯防空导弹体系研制中的特点。     

地空导弹对地面的附带损伤问题研究

研究了地空导弹爆炸时战斗部破片对地面人员附带损伤的问题,选取了破片对人体的杀伤准则,通过分析破片的空中运动特性,对导弹战斗部爆炸时的破片飞散规律进行了探讨,建立了破片散布的数学模型,并在典型的给定计算条件下进行了仿真分析.仿真结果表明,地空导弹在不同高度爆炸时,可计算出对地面人员的有效杀伤破片数量、破片杀伤面积和平均密度以及导弹的安全高度.     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.