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随着我国国防工业竞争环境的进一步改善,参与国防工业的民营企业规模日益庞大。在国家安全形势允许的前提下,必须保持国防工业中适度的民营企业规模,保证国家安全和民营企业的经济效益相协调,形成国防工业市场的有效竞争。行业中最优民企的数量与产品的需求弹性、技术人员的平均产值、现有国有军工企业的数量、非技术人员的工资水平、国有军工企业在生产管理上的效率以及技术人员的禀赋等因素有关。对于产品需求弹性较小、技术人员的平均产值较高、企业生产效率相差较大的行业,较高的民营企业生产比例有利于提高社会总收益。在军工技术人员供给增加的情况下,应允许较多的民营企业进入,这样有利于国防工业发展。 相似文献
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国防资产证券化的意义与军工企业上市建议 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
自国防科工委进入国防工业企业体制改革以来,我国国防工业企业基本上消化了历史包袱,进入稳步发展阶段。2006年国防科工委加大力度推进军工企业的股份制改革和军工企业,特别是2007年连续出台了一系列的非公有经济参与国防工业和军工企业股份制改造的指导文件,同时,中国船舶工业集团和西飞集团通过旗下上市公司沪东重机和西飞国际实现集团公司主要资产上市又进一步推动了军工企业改革的步伐。国防工业企业的现代企业改革已经全面启动。 相似文献
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在“入世”视野下看中国国防配套工业(上) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
与国防配套的基础产业都是重型工业,大型企业比重远远高于其他产业。我国加入世界贸易组织后,它们理应具有与西方跨国公司竞争的规模效益优势。 石化钢铁有色陶瓷将直接面对 西方跨国公司竞争,原先的规模优势将不复存在 炼油化学工业是与国防配套的重要基础工业,油品不仅是国防的血液,也是国防工业最重要的原料。从产业集中度上说,石油天然气开采业和石油加工业是我国主要工业中为数不多的集中度在 30%以上的行业。可是, 1998年以前,我国没有一家石化公司能够进入世界 500强。 1998年,国务院对中国石油化… 相似文献
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随着我国资本市场的进一步成熟和规范,合理有效的利用资本市场以增强企业融资能力,已经成为推动企业的发展的一个必然途径。作为军工企业,应充分认识到资本市场对现代企业发展的重要作用,通过资本市场来丰富企业融资手段,并推动军工企业的资源整合,建立适应现代经济发展和国防建设需要的大型综合军工集团,以应对未来发展的需要。日前,中央直属军工企业已有61家上市,军工板块已经为我国证券市场上一支不可忽视的力量,而且一些军工上市公司也确实利用资本市场发展壮大了自己。但是,不可否认的是,当前我国上市的军工企业无论是从数量与质量上来讲,均与实际发展需要有所差距。而且,目前上市的大部分军工企业仍然集中在民品部分,军品生产部分在利用资本市场方面仍然处于落后水平。 相似文献
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邓小平非常关注国防工业的改革与发展,他关于国防工业改革的一系列思想给我国国防工业的对外开放和对外交流与合作指明了方向。邓小平同志曾多次提出,国防工业要走向世界,要积极开展对外交流与合作。在邓小平同志的关怀下,我国国防工业开始走出国门,积极开拓国际市场,多方引进先进技术,国防工业改革进入了一个全新的发展轨道。事实证明,国防工业对外开放不仅为国防工业的腾飞打下了坚实的基础,而且对于加入WTO后的国防工业走向国际化也将产生深远的影响。 相似文献
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愈演愈烈的金融危机已使世界实体经济受到不同程度的打击,国防工业虽然作为国家的战略产业在各国受到不同程度的保护.但也不可能完全幸免于难。金融危机下的中国国防工业可谓挑战与机遇并存。我国的有关部门和企业,必须及时采取相应措施,趋利避害,保持国防工业长期平稳较快发展。 相似文献
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入世,政府职能的转变是我国深化国防工业经济体制改革的契机;世界产业的大转移是国防工业经济结构调整难得的历史性机遇;国际市场上丰富的技术信息资源是国防工业技术改造的有利条件;国内市场国际化的初始阶段是国防工业经济增强国际竞争力的关键时机。 相似文献
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21世纪,航空工业是高技术发展的重要领域,是世界高技术产业竞争的制高点,各国争相把发展航空工业列为高技术的支柱产业。对亟待发展壮大的中国航空工业来说,在世界航空工业领域中一直处于一种尴尬地位,特别是民用航空工业,几乎没有自己的市场。今天,随着中国新支线飞机项目的发展,特别是拥有自主知识产权的ARJ21新支线飞机项目的发展,为我国民用航空工业的发展寻求到了新的出路和希望,给我国航空工业发展带来了新的机遇与挑战,对推动我国航空工业的发展意义重大。一、中国民用飞机发展是航空人的责任和使命中国航空工业经过50多年的建设和… 相似文献
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Raul Gouvea 《Defense & Security Analysis》2015,31(2):137-151
In 2015, Brazil has taken steps toward re-consolidating its domestic defense industry. In the 1980s, Brazil built a dynamic and diversified defense industry. The state-driven effort resulted in a tripod strategy, where the state, state-run companies, and their private sector became the pillars of Brazil's defense industry. Brazil developed an export-driven defense industry; where close to 80–90% of its output was exported to Latin American, African, Arab, and Asian nations. In the 1980s, Brazil became the world's fifth largest exporter of defense products and services, exporting to over 40 countries. In the 1990s and 2000s, Brazil's defense industry suffered a dramatic reduction in size, diversification, and momentum. Successions of domestic political and economic policies have relegated Brazil's once emerging defense industry to a marginal position in the global defense industry. This article analyzes future prospects, challenges, and growth strategies for Brazil's defense industry. 相似文献
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Defense industrial complexes in leading Cold War nations have downsized and reallocated resources to other productive activities in the 1990s. In this paper, we analyze the experience of two key countries ‐ the US and France. Comparing the two countries, we find similar outcomes in budgetary retrenchment and large firm restructuring but marked differences in the pace of downsizing and diversification among small and medium‐sized firms. We hypothesize that three sets of contextual differences may explain these differences: 1) institutional differences in the way that the State bureaucracies ‐ the Pentagon and the French Délégation générale pour l'armement (DGA) ‐ oversee defense industrial matters, 2) differences in military industry ownership and firm size patterns, and 3) differences in the regional distribution of defense industrial capacity and associated regional policies. In closing, we note that the two countries’ defense industrial complexes are becoming more alike and speculate on the significance of invidious competition and interactions between them. We address briefly the future of French/American arms industrial competition and cooperation, given the trend towards transnational security arrangements and defense industry globalization 相似文献
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日本自卫队追求能力提升和活动范围扩大的努力受到其防卫产业发展的局限。防卫预算的有限直接导致防卫产业的市场规模狭小。部分核心技术自主研发的缺失限制了防卫产业独立发展的能力。融合式发展模式在成本核算、劳动生产率提升和产业发展稳定性等方面限制了防卫产业发展的潜力。 相似文献
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Tai Ming Cheung 《战略研究杂志》2016,39(5-6):728-761
ABSTRACTChina’s defense science, technology, and industrial system has been undergoing a far-reaching transformation over the past two decades and the single biggest factor behind this turnaround is the role of external technology and knowledge transfers and the defense industry’s improving ability to absorb these inputs and convert into localized output. China is pursuing an intensive campaign to obtain defense and dual-use civil–military foreign technology transfers using a wide variety of means, which is explored in this article. 相似文献
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结合未来陆军机动作战实际,研究了集中射击指挥条件下,防空兵群动态防空抗击效率的评估方法。提出了目标可射击概率应依据火力单位射程选用不同模型评估的观点,探讨了火力单位转移、导弹(弹药)储备和群指挥所状态等因素对群抗击效率的影响及其评估模型。在此基础上,指出了所建模型的适用范围和需要进一步解决的问题。 相似文献
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We present a validation of a centralized feedback control law for robotic or partially robotic water craft whose task is to defend a harbor from an intruding fleet of water craft. Our work was motivated by the need to provide harbor defenses against hostile, possibly suicidal intruders, preferably using unmanned craft to limit potential casualties. Our feedback control law is a sample‐data receding horizon control law, which requires the solution of a complex max‐min problem at the start of each sample time. In developing this control law, we had to deal with three challenges. The first was to develop a max‐min problem that captures realistically the nature of the defense‐intrusion game. The second was to ensure the solution of this max‐min problem can be accomplished in a small fraction of the sample time that would be needed to control a possibly fast moving craft. The third, to which this article is dedicated, was to validate the effectiveness of our control law first through computer simulations pitting a computer against a computer or a computer against a human, then through the use of model hovercraft in a laboratory, and finally on the Chesapeake Bay, using Yard Patrol boats. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 247–259, 2016 相似文献
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Yoad Shefi 《Defence and Peace Economics》2013,24(6):427-448
This paper models the interactions between the defense industry market structure and the defense needs of Israel, the USA and Western Europe, which produce several heterogeneous defense goods. The model specifies that the defense industries of the US and Europe are ‘large’ while that of Israel is ‘small’. The US military aid to Israel is also an integral part of the model. The results show that net defense costs of Israel are minimal when the number of its defense firms is one. The model predicts that an increase in US military aid reduces Israel’s government expenditure, its defense industry’s profits and its net defense costs. 相似文献