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1.
Nathan L. Cartagena 《Journal of Military Ethics》2017,16(3-4):157-172
Many contributors to military ethics from diverse locations and philosophical perspectives maintain that virtues are central to martial theory and practice. Yet several contemporary philosophers and psychologists have recently challenged the empirical adequacy of this perspective. Their challenge is known as the situationist critique, a version of which asserts that: (a) situational features rather than character traits such as virtues cause and explain human behavior, and (b) ethical theories and development programs are empirically inadequate to the extent that they incorporate virtues. In this paper, I assess the merit of this critique and consider some implications of my assessment for military practitioners and theorists. 相似文献
2.
Marcus Schulzke 《Journal of Military Ethics》2016,15(3):187-204
Although most styles of military ethics are hybrids that draw on multiple ethical theories, they are usually based primarily on the model of Aristotelian virtue ethics. Virtue ethics is well-suited for regulating the conduct of soldiers who have to make quick decisions on the battlefield, but its applicability to military personnel is threatened by the growing use of unmanned weapon systems. These weapons disrupt virtue ethics’ institutional and cultural basis by changing what it means to display virtue and transforming the roles soldiers perform and the nature of the military profession itself. I argue that in light of these challenges to virtue ethics, at least as it is traditionally understood within the armed forces, soldiers operating unmanned weapons require a more heavily rule-based approach to military ethics. 相似文献
3.
Cornelia Vikan 《Journal of Military Ethics》2017,16(3-4):239-255
This paper discusses soldiers’ moral responsibility in today’s complex conflicts. The point of departure is the increased focus on soldiers as moral decision-makers in war, illustrated by the introduction of core values in the Norwegian Armed Forces. Responsibility is one of these core values, but it is not clear exactly how we should understand responsibility. I use a case where a group of Norwegian soldiers in the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) sought the cooperation of a group of mujahedeen to solve the military mission of establishing security. As confidence between the parties grew, the soldiers became horrified witnesses to a practice of bacha bazi, where a young boy is dressed up for entertainment and sexual abuse. This situation gives reason to question the limits of role responsibility, the status of soldiers’ legitimacy, and the challenges of making morally sound judgments in a multicultural context. The discussion demonstrates that, even if there are restrictions on the soldiers’ freedom to act, a responsibility reaching beyond or extending their role should be recognized as part of the moral reality of modern soldiers. 相似文献
4.
师德学风建设在教育教学工作中对提高教学质量、激励学生奋进、潜移默化影响学生、促进学生健康成长起着重要的作用。本文分析了大中专院校师德学风的现状,并以师德学风建设为出发点,对开展创先争优活动提了几条举措。 相似文献
5.
郝春鹏 《兵团教育学院学报》2013,(5):17-21,26
康德是一个理想主义者,他深受古典,尤其柏拉图思想的影响。与后者一样,他并不认为美好的理想就是脱离实际的空中楼阁。它只是一种经验里尚未存在的完善性理念。康德肯定了完美共和国实现的可能,但他并未将这一工作交由命运,而是肯定了人的能力,他用历史的进步作为抵达这一理念的通路。康德也把“统治艺术”与“教育艺术”作为人类最艰难的两项发明。“美德是否可教”的问题贯穿于苏格拉底与普罗塔戈拉的对话之中,《普罗塔戈拉》没有给出答案,康德则延续了对该问题的思考。 相似文献
6.
江泽民总书记提出了"以德治国"的重要思想."以德治国"有利于全社会正确估量道德的社会作用,进一步增强全党全国重视道德建设的自觉意识;有利于加强科学正确的人生观、价值观、道德观的教育和塑造;有利于改善党风和社会风气,清除消极腐败现象,有利于塑造正确的人生观、价值观、道德观. 相似文献
7.
给出了脱靶量的定义,建立了小口径高炮虚拟校射脱靶量的一维数学模型,分析了脱耙量的统计性质,在此基础上运用贝叶斯估计理论,推导出校正量的最优估计量方程,并进行了相应分析。脱靶量可以作为一种离散的随机序列,任何一种特定的脱靶量序列均可表示为某种蜕化的广义马尔柯夫序列;脱靶量状态的最优估计问题是:基于观测输出{x(k);k=0,1,2,…}先验信息求取状态X(k)的最优滤波估计X∧(k/k),使估计误差的方差最小,从而大大提高小高炮的射击精度。 相似文献
8.
伦理因素是影响国际军备控制进程的重要方面。它与政治、军事、科技、经济等因素既息息相关又有重大区别。从历史来看,伦理因素是军备控制的源头之一,也构成了军备控制进程的主要形式,在军备控制进程中发挥越来越广泛的作用,促使军备控制中更多地考虑国家和解、人道主义、生态环境和公平正义。同时,伦理因素在现有国际关系框架中发挥作用,不可避免地受到国际关系现实的牵制。中国参与国际军备控制的进路,应以构建\"人类命运共同体\"理念为伦理诉求,强化伦理因素在军备控制进程中的作用,与世界和平力量共同开展军备控制的伦理实践。 相似文献
9.
论和谐社会视野下的青少年责任意识的培养 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
李瑞君 《兵团教育学院学报》2006,16(6):31-33
“构建社会主义和谐社会”是党现阶段的发展目标。广大青少年作为社会主义和谐社会事业的接班人,其责任意识状况如何,势必影响和谐社会的发展。责任是人社会性的本质规定,责任意识是现代文明社会公民的基本素质,是人的自我意识最深在的层次。根据和谐社会发展需要培养青少年的责任意识,是党和国家各项事业后继有人的重要保证。 相似文献
10.
Joseph O. Chapa 《Journal of Military Ethics》2016,15(3):170-186
In 2014, Colonel M. Shane Riza published an article in this journal arguing that remotely piloted aircraft (RPA) and robotic weapons threaten the US Air Force’s warrior ethos. Riza has clearly articulated the sentiments of one side of a vibrant debate within our service. This paper presents an alternative view; a view held by some who have experienced these new forms and tools of war, and who have wrestled with their implications first-hand. In this paper, we address some methodological concerns with Riza’s approach and then engage some misunderstandings about RPA’s relationship to military history and to risk. The second part of this paper takes a close look at some of the early Just War thinkers to determine what implications the tradition may have on the warrior ethos. We propose, as an alternative to Riza’s position, a return to an ethos grounded in humility, charity, and a conception of war as a last resort; in short, a return to the Just Warrior Ethos. 相似文献
11.
基于机械系统动力学软件ADAMS建立某型高射机枪虚拟样机,并对其进行四连发射击仿真,验证所建虚拟样机的可信性。然后对该高射机枪惯性子和枪机框进行动力学性能分析,实验表明在平射情况下,惯性子对枪机框反跳位移和速度都有一定的抑制作用,惯性子作为防反跳装置有一定效果。 相似文献
12.
Eva van Baarle Laura Hartman Desiree Verweij Bert Molewijk Guy Widdershoven 《Journal of Military Ethics》2017,16(1-2):56-77
Ethics training has become a common phenomenon in the training of military professionals at all levels. However, the perceived outcomes of this training remain open. In this article, we analyze the experiences of course participants who were interviewed 6–12 months after they had participated in a train-the-trainer course in military ethics developed by the Faculty of Military Sciences of the Netherlands Defence Academy. Through qualitative inductive analysis, it is shown how participants evaluate the training, how they perceive the development of their moral competence, and how they see the impact of the training on their own training practice. 相似文献
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14.
本文论述了晶体宏观对称性及内部热力学对称性对物理性质的影响,从而使物理性质张量的独立分量数目大为减少。文中还介绍了群表示论在此领域的应用,这将给从事材料研究的工作者带来很大方便。 相似文献
15.
冯文敏 《中国人民武装警察部队学院学报》2009,25(9):95-96
网络编辑的基本素质对媒体有着直接的影响,网络编辑必须树立高度的责任感,强烈的精品意识,在政治修养、理论知识、专业水平、语言文字等方面具有较深的造诣,以强烈的责任感和高度的精品意识完成编辑工作。 相似文献
16.
军事征用作为国防动员的一项重要内容,在当前各国的军事斗争准备中发挥着越来越重要的作用。从军事征用的概念入手,针对我国军事征用立法缺失法律责任规定的现状,分析了军事征用法律责任的概念、构成要件和分类。 相似文献
17.
赵静 《兵团教育学院学报》2013,(1):73-75
在课标修订的大环境下,小学语文课堂教学不仅应有新的变化,同时也赋予小学语文教师新的职责。如今小学语文教师的职责已不单纯的只是上好一堂课,而更多地体现为如何全方位地培养学生的语文素养。因此,在新课程标准的指导下,小学语文教师尤其需要正确把握自身职责的转变,积极领会现代社会的要求,在培养学生语文素养的同时,也应兼顾自身素质的提升,这也是素质教育对小学语文教师提出的现实要求。 相似文献
18.
苏静 《中国人民武装警察部队学院学报》2011,27(5):43-46
追究责任是一种严肃的法律行为,需要认真对待。因此,确定军事行政主体及其工作人员是否应当承担军事行政责任,要有一个统一的衡量标准。军事行政责任的构成要件解决的就是这一问题。由于我国军事行政法的研究起步较晚,对于军事行政责任的构成要件问题尚缺乏深入的探索。结合现有的相关成果,我国军事行政责任的构成要件应当界定为以下三个:主体具有相应的责任能力、存在违法的或者不当的军事行政行为、行为人主观上有过错。 相似文献
19.
火灾预防和火灾扑救不仅仅是消防部门自身的职责,必须依靠社会综合力量,政府是处置各类突发事件的强势者。从北京沧达农工商公司草垛火灾谈起,对政府职责、单位消防安全责任、社会应急机制等存在的问题做了进一步阐述。 相似文献
20.
现阶段我国警察枪支使用法律责任的相关规定尚不完善,存在着法律责任设置不够系统、操作性不强等问题。探讨警察枪支使用方面存在的困境,对我国警察枪支使用法律责任的设置提出建议,有利于我国警察枪支使用法律责任的设置日臻完善。 相似文献