反舰导弹火力分配方式

给出了反舰导弹火力分配的概念,分析了传统反舰导弹火力分配方式的现状及特点,讨论了现代海战场对反舰导弹的作战需求,指出了现代反舰导弹火力分配方式的发展方向,提出基于模式识别的智能自主火分是反舰导弹火力分配方式的发展趋势.     

基于改进遗传算法的反舰导弹火力分配研究

反舰导弹是打击敌水面舰船的主要手段,多武器平台打击水面多目标时,如何合理分配导弹,使其充分发挥作战效能,构成反舰导弹的火力分配问题。建立反舰导弹火力分配模型,并提出一种基于改进遗传算法的导弹火力分配求解算法,在算法中采用十进制编码策略、适应度比例选择法和自适应变异概率。通过结合实例进行验证,证明了改进遗传算法可以有效快速地找到最优火力分配方案,为舰艇作战指挥决策提供参考。     

潜射反舰导弹火力分配方案优化模型研究北大核心

首先依据不同的作战策略,建立了潜射反舰导弹火力分配方案优化模型,用于衡量潜射反舰导弹火力分配方案的优劣。然后采用计算机穷举法列出所有可能的潜射反舰导弹火力分配方案,再把计算机穷举的所有火力分配方案利用火力分配优化模型进行评估,选出最优火力分配方案。通过实例计算表明,这一方法具有较强的实用性。由于按作战综合效益的导弹火力分配策略考虑的因素比较全面,应当是首选策略。     

潜射反舰导弹火力分配方案优化模型研究

首先依据不同的作战策略,建立了潜射反舰导弹火力分配方案优化模型,用于衡量潜射反舰导弹火力分配方案的优劣。然后采用计算机穷举法列出所有可能的潜射反舰导弹火力分配方案,再把计算机穷举的所有火力分配方案利用火力分配优化模型进行评估,选出最优火力分配方案。通过实例计算表明,这一方法具有较强的实用性。由于按作战综合效益的导弹火力分配策略考虑的因素比较全面,应当是首选策略。     

基于Monte Carlo法的地空导弹火力分配优化问题研究

在确定地空导弹对目标的可射击系数、火力重叠修正系数和转火矛盾修正系数的基础上,结合Monte Carlo法的基本原理,介绍了解决地空导弹火力分配优化问题的一般步骤。运用计算机模拟技术,通过算例,证明了该方法的可行性,为有效解决地空导弹火力分配优化问题提供了一种较为科学的方法。     

基于微分对策的多型反舰导弹火力优化模型

根据多型反舰导弹对抗舰艇编队的基本作战模式,以最大毁伤作为优化目标,对作战双方不同能力层次的武器进行区分,建立了能够动态反映对抗过程的微分对策火力分配优化模型,实时反映对抗双方的毁伤,从而最终寻找得到作战双方的最优火力分配策略;运用拉格朗日构造法解算微分对策模型,给出迭代求解模型参数的方法。立足体系作战思想,整合作战资源,灵活运用军事运筹学以提高各作战单元的组织度,研究成果主要为运用多型反舰导弹对海攻击任务的方案制定、训练演习提供参考。     

最大生存概率下的编队防空目标分配研究

为研究编队目标武器分配方法,分析了编队防空体系在作战过程中武器系统火力单元状态、分配决策矩阵和目标序列状态的动态更新形式,建立了以编队生存概率最大为最优函数的动态目标分配优化模型。描述了仿真环境,运用不确定目标序列对分配过程进行了仿真。结果表明,所建立的模型能够反映实际情况,得到的关于集火、转火射击和优先分配策略对模型的工程应用具有实际指导意义。     

弹炮混编防空群火力分配优化问题研究

以火力分配原则为依据,在确定防空武器对目标的可射击系数、火力重叠修正系数和转火矛盾修正系数的基础上,结合防空作战的实际,通过对高炮、地空导弹不同运用方式的分析,介绍了解决弹炮混编防空群火力分配优化问题的一般步骤。通过算例,证明了该方法的可行性。     

攻击直升机编队火力分配方式及其毁伤效果评估

从联合作战的实际需求出发,根据作战理论以及攻击直升机编队作战指挥特点,将直升机和目标抽象为系统要素及其作用对象,运用系统科学、系统结构分析、作战运筹与系统工程等理论,论证了统一、自主、混合和平行等火力分配方式下空中攻击编队毁伤效果评估模型。通过实例仿真计算和结果对比分析,得到了基于不同火力分配方式的编队毁伤效果的变化特点与规律,以及一系列具有普遍意义的、潜在的、实用的编队火力分配要求与规则。     

空域窗射击舰炮火力分布方法

空域窗射击方式是近程防御舰炮武器提高对高速复杂机动反舰导弹射击效力的有效途径，研究论证舰炮射击区域内射弹分布方法是实现舰炮空域窗射击的关键。运用射击效力分析方法，从“软”、“硬”两个途径，研究了射击诸元分布法和炮管预置角法两种空域窗射击火力分布方法，对其火力分布方式、范围及火力密度进行了研究，可为舰炮研制及使用提供参考。     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.