铁红环氧酯涂层中缓蚀剂的研究

在有机涂层中加入缓蚀剂构成耐蚀涂层,可以进一步提高原涂层的耐蚀能力。本文研究了一种缓蚀剂HN(由H和N复配而成,H为杂环类,N为胺类),用在普通涂层—铁红环氧酯中试验。采用了四种方法:电化学交流阻抗法,盐雾箱试验法,人造海水浸泡,海上实船挂片,并分别与未加缓蚀剂的原涂层进行对比,对各涂层的耐蚀性能进行评定。结果表明:在铁红环氧酯中加入少量HN缓蚀剂后,在不改变原涂层附着力的情况下,明显提高了原涂层的耐蚀能力。     

铁红—酚醛船底漆中缓蚀剂的研究

在铁红—酚醛船底漆中,加入一种羧酸类化合物或一种肟类化合物作为涂层缓蚀剂,经电化学方法评定,证明它们在3％的NaCl溶液中的耐蚀性能,较之未加缓蚀剂的涂装钢样均有不同程度的提高。     

铜及其合金制品的保光耐蚀涂层的研究

本文采用涂有机涂料和使用缓蚀剂的方法来解决铜及其合金的失泽和腐蚀问题。从目前市售的有机涂料中筛选出较好的三种,同时筛选了复合缓蚀剂及其适宜的浓度,以及对缓蚀剂的使用方法问题都作了一定的研究。通过试验获得了一种较好的保光耐蚀涂层,在一般大气条件下可保光耐蚀两年以上,在舰艇机舱内预计可保持在半年以上。本保护涂层具有无毒、施工简便、价廉等优点。     

“有机涂层下船体钢的腐蚀及耐蚀涂层缓蚀剂”课题通过鉴定

由我院化学教研室经过三年努力而研制成功的“有机涂层下船体钢的腐蚀及耐蚀涂层缓蚀剂”,于1991年6月12日通过了海军修理部器材部主持的鉴定。该课题研制的环氧沥青防锈漆H、P缓蚀剂和铁红环氧酯防锈底漆P、HN缓蚀剂,经过交流阻抗、盐雾、电化学、海水浸泡、实海(船)挂片等综合试验     

涂层下金属腐蚀的研究

油漆涂层是防止金属腐蚀的常用方法。如何快速测定涂层下金属腐蚀速度、预测涂层的防腐蚀性能,这是重要的研究课题。本文从理论上分析了应用交流阻抗技术测量涂层下金属腐蚀速度的方法,对几种船底防锈漆的防腐性能进行了评价,并与常温浸泡和划痕加速试验进行了对照。实验结果表明,交流阻抗技术是研究涂层下金属腐蚀的快速、有效、可行的方法。     

基于高熵合金的镁合金表面防护技术研究

为改善镁合金表面耐蚀性能,设计并制备了3种高熵合金喷涂粉末,采用冷喷涂技术制备涂层.利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、显微硬度计等研究了涂层组织和力学性能.用电化学方法分析评价了涂层在质量分数为3.5％ NaC1溶液中的耐蚀性能.结果表明:涂层由BCC简单结构固溶体组成,晶粒范围在12 ～37 nm之间;涂层孔隙率小于1％,表明冷喷涂涂层更为致密,且结合强度达58 MPa,涂层与基体以机械结合为主;涂层极化曲线均山现钝化现象,自腐蚀电位较基体正移,自腐蚀电流密度显著减小;循环极化曲线表明涂层无孔蚀倾向,交流阻抗谱与极化曲线结果相符合.高熵合金涂层可显著改善镁合金表面耐蚀性能.     

纯固态聚氨基甲酸乙酯涂料的研制及其应用

为了解决两栖装甲车辆底盘、浮箱表面的磨损腐蚀问题,研制了新型的纯固态聚氨基甲酸乙酯涂料。试验应用表明该涂料施工性能优异,涂层的耐磨性能和防腐性能优越,满足两栖装甲车辆的使用要求。     

涂层厚度与耐蚀性能的研究

用电化学方法（包括交流阻抗法和线性极化法）测定了不同厚度涂层的耐蚀性能,并从定量的角度研究厚度对其耐蚀性能的影响．实验结果证实这一设想是可行的．     

咨询园地

Q浙江读者陈凯波来信说他发现军舰的吃水线以下大部分都是铁红色,吃水线是黑色的,而吃水线以上又是另一种颜色,这是怎么回事?涂料有什么讲究吗? 军舰水线以下的涂装,较多地采用呈铁红色的防锈漆,如氯化橡胶船底防锈漆;当采用环氧沥青船底防锈漆时,则呈现黑色或棕色;水线部位可以采用和船底相同的涂料,也可单独采用酚醛、氯化橡胶、环氧沥青等类型的水线漆,前两者呈现红色,后者呈现黑色或棕色。军舰水线以上的外表涂装,更多地考虑隐身问题,在视觉上尽可     

Zn-Al—Mg-RE高速电弧喷涂工艺过程的氧化行为分析

为分析高速电弧喷涂工艺制备Zn-Al-Mg-RE防腐涂层的氧化行为,通过XRD、SEM和EDS试验探究了喷涂工艺对该涂层氧化物的组成、含量及其形态的影响规律,并测试了涂层的中性盐雾腐蚀性能。结果发现：该涂层具有典型的层状结构特征,在相互叠加的扁平颗粒之间有很薄的氧化物膜,同时在扁平颗粒的内部也非均匀地分布着富氧化物区,XRD显示这些氧化物主要为ZnO2和尖晶石结构的ZnAl2O4与MgAl2O4等。分析认为：喷涂时液态金属熔滴在高速气流剪切力作用和反应热梯度作用下,加剧了Zn-Al-Mg-RE熔滴的氧化,这些交错分布的氧化物对合金相产生了较好的屏蔽效果,从而提高了涂层的耐蚀性能。     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.