众核处理器访存链路接口的FPGA验证

面向众核处理器提出一种访存链路接口的现场可编程门阵列(Field-Programmable Gate Array,FPGA)验证平台,用于对处理器访存链路关键部件进行功能及可靠性测试。提出片上读写激励自动产生与检查机制、以太网接口硬件用户数据报协议(User Datagram Protocol,UDP)协议栈和FPGA芯片间多通道并行链路三项关键技术并进行设计实现。实验结果表明提出的各项关键技术功能正确,不仅丰富了功能验证中随机激励产生及结果验证的手段,而且实现了对链路数据检错和多lane间延迟偏斜纠正逻辑的可靠性测试与评估。经过该平台验证的访存链路接口在实际芯片中通过了功能正确性测试,证明了验证的有效性。     

0.13 μm标准CMOS工艺的高可靠流水线模数转换器

针对航空航天电子系统对高性能模数转换器的需求,采用0. 13μm标准互补金属氧化物半导体工艺,设计可以在极端温度和空间辐射环境中稳定可靠工作的12位分辨率、50 MS/s采样率的流水线模数转换器。通过采用无采样保持电路以及抗辐射电路和版图加固等技术,在减小功耗的同时有效地削弱总剂量辐射效应的影响。测试结果表明:在-55～125℃温度范围内以及150 krad(Si)的总剂量辐照条件下,得到大于64 dB的信噪比、大于73. 5 dB的无杂散动态范围和最大0. 22 dB的微分非线性。     

基于以太网通信的脉冲变换器测试系统设计

针对遥测设备脉冲变换器功能检测的需求,设计了基于以太网通信的脉冲变换器测试系统。采用现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)作为测试系统的核心控制器,通过对各功能模块的时序控制,完成多路信号源的产生和变换器工况数据接收的任务。通信模块采用以太网协议芯片W5300。相比传统的USB总线,W5300具有硬件电路简单、传输速率快且信号稳定的优点。整个系统运用模块化和软件化的设计思想,提高了测试的灵活性和自检纠错能力,能可靠实时检测变换器的性能状况,成为国防航天设备研发中不可缺少的一环。     

利用分时刷新和位置约束的卫星载荷BRAM抗辐照设计方法

为解决星载资源严格受限条件下,静态随机存取存储器型现场可编程门阵列中块随机存储器(block random access memory, BRAM)的轻量级、高可靠抗辐照加固难题,提出了一种基于分时刷新和位置约束的卫星载荷BRAM抗辐照加固设计方法,通过监控算法执行时隙实现BRAM分时刷新,并增加位置约束有效降低三模冗余后两模设计同时发生异常的概率,以较少的资源消耗有效提升BRAM在轨抗辐照可靠性。重离子加速试验结果表明,采用分时刷新和位置约束加固方法后,卫星载荷单粒子功能中断截面下降约81.63%,在轨BRAM异常由3颗星2年发生3次减少为25颗星2年未发生,在轨抗辐照可靠性大幅提升。     

FPGA在程控数字交换机中的应用研究

针对现有程控数字交换机大多采用传统搭积木式(即用器件搭成电路板)的设计方法,提出用现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)技术设计的新思路,并通过VHDL语言设计给出了仿真结果,结果表明,用FPGA设计的数字程控交换模块具有硬件结构简单、性能良好、功能易于升级等优点.     

可变速率调制器研究及其FPGA实现

提出了一种变速率调制系统的设计方法。基于现场可编程门阵列(FPGA),在硬件系统中实现了新方法。所设计的系统能够处理(13.5~300)Mbps连续变化的比特速率。通过将整个可变速率范围分成若干小段,分别经过不同倍数的采样滤波,保证了所有符号速率对应的数据能够被调制到数模转换芯片(DAC)处理范围内。给出了系统整体设计结构,分析了硬件实现时的难点,论述了并行采样滤波与并行载波生成等设计方法。硬件实现结果表明,所提出的设计方法能够实现对较宽范围内连续可变速率信号的调制。系统的易扩展性也保证了所设计结构能够处理更宽的变速率范围。     

使用位流重定位与差异配置在线演化数字系统

利用位流重定位与差异配置技术对现有基于动态部分重构的演化硬件实现方法进行改进,以解决其演化复杂电路时位流存储开销大和演化速度慢的问题。利用Xilinx早期获取部分重构技术,定制能实现位流重定位的可演化IP核。原始位流文件经设计形成算子核位流库存于外部CF卡上,方便系统调用。将现场可编程门阵列片内软核处理器Micro Blaze作为演化控制器,采用染色体差异配置技术,在线实时调节可演化IP核的电路结构,构成基于片上可编程系统的自演化系统。以图像滤波器的在线演化设计为例,在Virtex-5现场可编程门阵列开发板ML507上对系统结构和演化机制进行验证,结果表明,所提演化机制能有效节省位流存储空间,提高演化速度。     

基于FPGA的可变速率PSK数字解调器实现

针对QPSK变速率调制数字系统,提出了一种新的基于现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)实现方法,该系统可以支持4.88 Kb/s到2 Mb/s和更高的连续比特速率。设计采用混合乘法器、数控振荡器(NCO)和积分-梳状滤波器(CIC),并给出了系统中载波和信号恢复电路的设计结构,且可以移植到任何FPGA器件。提出的设计在Xilinx Virtex-5 FPGA平台进行了硬件测试。硬件实现结果显示,采用本方法实现的解调器,表现出优越的使用效率。     

高速光纤通信网络总线链路的设计与实现

针对某总线数据传输网络要求利用光纤实现宽频带通信链路的问题,提出了一种基于高速光纤通信接口的总线网络链路设计,该设计中以现场可编程逻辑门阵列（field programmable gate array,FPGA）为控制芯片,HTA8525和Aurora协议为光纤通信接口的核心实现光电转换,利用以太网模块将数据转化为上位机可识别的数据帧,可验证总线数据传输的准确性。实验和仿真结果表明,总线网络中的光纤通信链路传输速率达到10 Gb/s级,能够快速进行数据传输,并且可以将数据回传至上位机进行观察分析,解决传统总线网络中传输速率受限等问题,同时提升总线网络的可靠性,满足任务要求。     

基于DSP+FPGA的PMSM控制系统仿真平台的设计与实现

为构建永磁同步电机(Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor,PMSM)控制系统模拟平台,把系统中不同仿真步长的模型有机结合为一个整体,提出了基于DSP+FPGA构建完整控制系统的设计方案。在数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor,DSP)中建立PMSM模型并实现控制算法,在现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array,FPGA)中构建逆变器模型,通过FPGA和DSP之间的通信实现系统闭环控制。完成了控制系统硬件和软件的设计,采用空间矢量脉宽调制(Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation,SVPWM)控制算法对该平台进行验证。试验结果表明:电机模型和逆变器模型运行准确,电压、电流、转速、转矩等关键指标满足性能要求。     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

Country survey XVI the defence sector in the economy of a declining superpower: Soviet Union and Russia, 1965-2001

The Soviet Union was able to develop a large military-industrial complex and become the world's second superpower despite deficiencies in its centrally planned economy because defence was given high priority status and special planning, rationing and administrative mechanisms were used to attain national security objectives. However, in the period 1976-85 the effectiveness of priority protection diminished and defence institutions experienced more of the problems typical of the shortage economic system. The heavy defence burden also created growing difficulties for the civilian economy. The attempts by the Gorbachev government to reform the defence sector and improve defence-economic relationships during perestroika (1985-91) uniformly failed. For most of the transition period, the Russian military-industrial complex has been adversely affected by its low priority status, cuts in defence spending, instability of the hybrid politico-economic system, and negative growth of the economy. The armed forces and defence industry have been reduced in size and their outputs of military services and equipment have fallen to low levels. Nevertheless, the Russian armed forces still have over one million troops, significant stocks of sophisticated conventional weapons, and a large nuclear arsenal. The government of President Putin has raised the priority of the defence sector, increased real defence spending, and adopted ambitious plans to revive Russian military power. It is likely, though, that tight resource constraints will hamper efforts to reform the armed forces and to upgrade weapons. By 2010 Russia will be an important, but not dominant, military power in Eurasia.     

Traffickers,terrorists, and a ‘new security challenge’: Russian counternarcotics strategy and the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade

The collapse of the Soviet Union precipitated the massive expansion of drug use and trade in Russia. The country now has one of the largest populations of injecting drug users in the world and has become the largest single-country market for Afghan heroin. In 2003 the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade was created to coordinate a comprehensive counternarcotics strategy appropriate to the scale of this threat. The service continues to face a number of challenges in its early stages of development. However, it has made considerable advances in improving responses to large-scale organised crime and in building international cooperation.