双机协同导弹指令修正中制导技术

导弹协同制导是提高中远距导弹作战效能的有效潜在途径之一.基于中远距雷达导弹中制导对载机的强依赖性问题,研究双机协同导弹中制导方法.首先,根据双机协同制导的原理建立双机协同制导的数学模型,给出修正指令的矢量计算方法;其次,对双机协同制导的误差进行建模分析,给出系统误差修正方法和随机误差计算方法;最后,对协同制导模型和制导精度进行仿真,仿真表明所建立协同中制导模型的可行性.     

SAR成像末制导交接班问题研究

将SAR成像末制导划分为4个阶段,建立了交接班问题的弹目几何模型,分析了交接班满足的2个条件,即目标被可靠检测和成像斜视角要求;设计了成像交接班转弯弹道,分析了导弹横向机动加速度和预置的成像前置角对交接班耗用时间的影响;采用三维制导律研究了SAR成像到前向打击的交接班,分析了SAR成像时间对总制导时间的影响.仿真结果表明,合理设置成像斜视角,提高聚束SAR成像的检测概率,增大交接班时导弹横向加速度,可有效提高成像交接班成功率;SAR成像时间越长,对目标识别越有利,同时也使末端攻击弹道曲率越大,SAR末制导总的攻击时间越长.     

前传协同制导交接环节的导弹指示信息的解算

针对协同制导交接时的导弹指示问题,利用坐标变换及时空配准等方法,通过对协同信息处理设备的讨论以及导弹指示信息解算模型的分析,建立了平面解算模型与椭球面解算模型两种坐标变换解算模型.对两种模型的求解方法分别进行了说明.对各种模型的解算效果进行了仿真计算及比较分析.所得模型及解算方法对协同制导作战有一定的理论和实践意义.     

舰空导弹协同制导路径优化问题研究

协同制导可以大大改善超视距舰空导弹的作战空域.在网络中心制导中,为了合理选择协同制导平台,提出了协同制导平台选择的指标,将协同制导平台表示为图论中的节点,利用图论中求最短路径的方法分析单因素最优时的制导路径,采用层次分析法求解多因素约束下的最优路径.最后通过实例分析模型的应用,根据不同协同制导路径的权重,指挥员可以作出最优的选择.     

反临近空间高超声速目标拦截弹中末制导交接班窗口

在视线旋转坐标系下建立拦截弹与目标的相对运动方程,分析采用纯比例导引律捕获高超声速目标的充分条件,并推导出在交接班处的最优拦截几何,即零控拦截流型。定性分析了拦截弹速度、高度、导引头特性以及末制导捕获条件等在中末制导交接班时所受到的限制,在此基础上定义了中末制导交接班窗口的概念,并介绍了交接班捕获窗口的影响因素、用途、特性以及计算步骤。以纯比例导引律拦截高速目标为例,定量描述了交接班捕获窗口和零控交接班区域,并通过数字仿真实验验证了交接班捕获窗口的合理性。     

合同网多平台协同制导任务分配模型

分析了分布式平台协同制导任务分配问题,指出该问题属于复杂分布式系统实时动态任务分配问题.建立了协同制导平台管理Agent结构,并利用合同网的思想建立了协同制导任务分配模型.该模型可实现多次协同制导任务的实时动态分配,为实现多平台协同制导作战奠定了基础.     

基于典型弹道的反导导弹制导方式分析

针对典型的导弹弹道仿真,通过对反导导弹的几种备选制导律进行了参数调试和数字仿真,设计了初、中制导方案,通过数字仿真给出了弹道规划,明确了允许的发射条件。同时,分析了各方案主要的制导信息误差及其影响,针对高斯噪声误差模型提出了制导信息误差指标。最终确定了较优制导方案。该方案经数字仿真验证具有较优的攻击区性能,攻击区较大、发射条件约束较为宽松,以当前的技术水平有望实现。     

舰空导弹协同制导杀伤区建立研究*

针对舰空导弹协同制导杀伤区的建立问题，给出了协同制导杀伤区的定义，分析了协同制导杀伤区的影响因素，建立了基于目标与导弹位置关系的协同制导舰空导弹杀伤区计算模型，并在不同初始条件下进行仿真，结果表明，协同制导能增大舰空导弹的杀伤区范围，建立的协同制导杀伤区计算方法是一种有效的方法。     

编队协同防空制导阵位配置与交接区仿真

协同制导是编队协同防空作战中的一种重要作战手段,制导交接又是协同制导中的关键环节,首先详细分析了舰艇编队协同制导的控制流程以及协同制导的交接方式,然后对协同制导中协同平台的阵位配置区和制导交接区分析了约束条件,进行了数学建模与仿真分析。结果表明,只有发射平台、协同平台的相对位置以及制导交接时导弹所处的空域满足一定要求,才能顺利完成制导交接。     

编队协同防空制导阵位配置与交接区仿真研究

协同制导是编队协同防空作战中的一种重要作战手段,制导交接又是协同制导中的关键环节,首先详细分析了舰艇编队协同制导的控制流程以及协同制导的交接方式,然后对协同制导中协同平台的阵位配置区和制导交接区分析了约束条件,进行了数学建模与仿真分析。结果表明,只有发射平台、协同平台的相对位置以及制导交接时导弹所处的空域满足一定要求,才能顺利完成制导交接。     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

The UK,interrogation and Iraq, 2003–2008

The UK’s interrogation operations during the conflict in Iraq (2003–2008) are often portrayed by the media as involving significant amounts of mistreatment. This article demonstrates that these practices are not necessarily representative of the UK’s interrogation operations across this conflict. In doing so it contributes to the limited literature on the practice of interrogation and on the UK’s combat operations in Iraq. The UK’s interrogation capability, and therefore its intelligence-gathering capability, is shown to have rested primarily with the military’s Joint Forward Interrogation Team (JFIT). The JFIT suffered from limitations to the number, training and experience of its interrogators and interpreters. It is argued that maintaining a permanent, higher level of preparedness for interrogation by the British armed forces is desirable.     

Remembering and forgetting Mirambo: Histories of war in modern Africa

ABSTRACT

While the study of organised violence is considered essential to understanding the history of the West, and accordingly imbued with various layers of meaning and remembrance, war is widely regarded as inimical to the modern nation in Africa and stable development more broadly. Using examples drawn from primarily from East Africa, this paper considers the ways in which warfare in the deeper (‘precolonial’) past has been framed and envisioned in recent decades, in particular by governments whose own roots lie in revolutionary armed struggle and who began life as guerrilla movements. While in some cases particular elements of the deeper past were indeed mobilised in pursuit of contemporary political goals, in many other scenarios histories of precolonial violence were beheld as problematic and unworthy of remembrance. This paper highlights the paradox and ambiguity which has attended the memory of key aspects of Africa’s deeper past.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

SIM—LISP:一个通信网络管理专家系统外壳的设计与实现

本文介绍了笔者为开发名为OONMES的网络管理专家系统所实现的一个简单专家系统工具SIM-LISP。SIM-LISP是一个用C/C++语言来实现的模拟LISP语言的可调用函数集,它短小精巧,速度快,可以完成针对网管专家系统的事实或规则知识的表示、匹配、合一和推理等基本操作,并有与知识对象的连接功能,是网管专家系统内核实现的支撑环境。     

Al Qaida on the US invasion of Afghanistan in their own words

This article consists of selected translations from captured interviews and dairies of Al Qaida members. The time period covered is from mid-2001 to early 2002 and concerns their operations in Afghanistan. The material clearly conveys a range of emotion, from confident to despondent, as well as efforts to contest the US actions. The first several pages give the reader context and some possible “lessons learned,” but the story(ies) are best told by the Al Qaida members themselves. All names are pseudonyms.     

Does Intent equal Capability? Al-Qaeda and Weapons of Mass Destruction

The prospect of terrorists deploying weapons of mass destruction (WMD) is often referred to as the foremost danger to American national security. This danger has become more realistic because of al-Qaeda's expanding global network and the expressed willingness to kill thousands of civilians. In the past four years, numerous media reports have documented the group's ongoing quest for WMD capabilities; many reports have detailed al-Qaeda members’ attempts to manufacture or obtain certain chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) agents to use in WMD against targets in the West and the Middle East. Yet the question remains: Does al-Qaeda's current WMD capability match its actual intent? While most studies of the group have focused on its explicit desire for WMD, allegations of CBRN acquisition, and the killing potential of specific CBRN agents, few open-source studies have closely examined the evolution of al-Qaeda's consideration of WMD and, most notably, the merit of actual CBRN production instructions as depicted and disseminated in the group's own literature and manuals. The following report will examine the history of al-Qaeda's interest in CBRN agents, the evolution of the network's attitude toward these weapons, and the internal debate within the organization concerning acquisition and use of WMD. More so, the following research will assess the validity of actual CBRN production instructions and capabilities as displayed and disseminated in al-Qaeda's own literature and websites.     

Late Medieval Lance Use: Mounted Combat and Martial Arts in Western Europe from the 14th to the 16th Century

Despite the lance’s status and the amount of attention the couched lance has received in historiography, study of its martial art has been neglected. The various lance types and techniques used by western European cavalry have only recently begun to receive scholarly attention. Additionally, Medieval European lance use has too often been studied in isolation, without an adequate understanding of the idiosyncratic and asymmetrical dynamics of mounted combat. Although the charge with the couched lance was a valid tactic, it was only one of many. Light and heavy lances were used in one hand or two to trip, block, unhorse, and wrestle. These techniques were governed by the harsh laws of distance, speed, impact, iron, and asymmetry. By utilizing the surviving Fechtbücher and several Peninsular and Near Eastern sources, a brief foray into the diverse techniques of lance use and their purposes has been attempted here.     

A model for geographically distributed combat interactions of swarming naval and air forces

This article describes the Distributed Interaction Campaign Model (DICM), an exploratory campaign analysis tool and asset allocation decision‐aid for managing geographically distributed and swarming naval and air forces. The model is capable of fast operation, while accounting for uncertainty in an opponent's plan. It is intended for use by commanders and analysts who have limited time for model runs, or a finite budget. The model is purpose‐built for the Pentagon's Office of Net Assessment, and supports analysis of the following questions: What happens when swarms of geographically distributed naval and air forces engage each other and what are the key elements of the opponents’ force to attack? Are there changes to force structure that make a force more effective, and what impacts will disruptions in enemy command and control and wide‐area surveillance have? Which insights are to be gained by fast exploratory mathematical/computational campaign analysis to augment and replace expensive and time‐consuming simulations? An illustrative example of model use is described in a simple test scenario. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 562–576, 2016     

Thomas Firth and Sons – Steelmakers to the Arms Industries. Part 2: Heavy Armaments

Firth’s were the first of the Sheffield steel makers to enter the field armaments. Their involvement with Colt has been outlined in an article in the journal of the Colt Collectors Association in America and their activities as steelmakers to the small-arms industries has been covered in a previous issue of this Journal. This article gives a brief overview of their involvement as manufacturers in the field of heavy armaments, being the first to make all-steel guns and their evolving role in the use of steel for ordnance, culminating in the displacement of wrought iron by the adoption of steel for ordnance manufacture by the Royal Gun Factory in the 1880s. It also highlights their development of stainless steel in this context.