C~3I系统与雷达发展战略

C~3I系统在未来现代战争中作用愈来愈重要。雷达作为提取信息的工具占有突出的地位。雷达在C~3I系统中如何施展是必须重视和解决的课题。本文综述了C~3I系统的重要性和必然性,阐明了雷达在C~3I系统中的作用。就我国目前C~3I系统中简单状况分析了雷达要发展存在着的许多问题。概括了国外C~3I发展和C~3I中对雷达的设想及其雷达现状。指出未来C~3I系统随着科学技术发展和应用将出现的趋势和发展前景。针对C~3I要求,就我国现有水平,应保持适当防御力量。瞄准跟踪世界先进防御手段。     

C~3I系统开发中的某些新概念和新方法

由于C~3I系统是个复杂的大系统,而且开发C~3I系统耗资巨大,因此用什么样的方法才能成功地开发出满足需要的C~3I系统就成为C~3I界关心的焦点问题。本章论述C~3I系统开发中某些新概念和新方法。     

C^3I系统EMC与EW

EMC(电磁兼容)是C~3I系统一项重要的性能指标。本文概述了C~3I系统EMC的含义及其研究内容。揭示了EMC与EW(电子战)的内在联系及在EW环境下的C~3I系统EMC设想。介绍了有关国内外EMC的标准与规范、EMC设计方法和EMC的测试与试验方法。     

C~3I仿真演示系统的分析与设计

本文以现代战争的需要为出发点,详细分析了C~3I系统的特点和C~3I系统仿真技术及系统试验床技术,探讨了交互分布式的C~3I仿真系统的理论,并在这些理论和技术的基础上,提出了一个C~3I系统的仿真系统的总体方案,并详细地论述了仿真系统的结构,运行的软件、硬件环境和应用软件的设置,而且基于“面向对象”的观点,综合Petri网建模技术,探讨了仿真系统建模的实现过程。     

潜艇C^2W:一种对策

本文详细介绍了美国下一代攻击型核潜艇C~3I系统研制,生产和现代化计划,以及C~3I系统以外的EW设备。     

海军区域作战C^3I系统发展研究

本文首先介绍当代海战的特点,在此基础上,以美国海军战略、战术C~3I系统在海湾战争的应用为例,说明区域作战C~3I系统的使命任务、组成和基本功能,最后给出海湾战争C~3I系统给我们的启示。     

C~3I仿真演示系统的设计思想

1 引言 仿真已成为C~3I系统研制、研究及训练演示的重要途径。系统理论、计算机技术、通信技术等的发展,大大推动了建模理论和仿真技术的发展,这也使仿真技术在作战系统中的应用日益普遍。现实问题的需求牵引,包括多媒体技术和虚拟现实技术在内的当代技术的推动,都把C~3I系统仿真提到了极其重要的地位。 随着C~3I仿真技术的发展,仿真工具的需求已迫在眉睫。这是因为C~3I系统是个庞大复杂的系统,也就决定了其仿真模型的复杂性。因此,需要有建模工具辅助模型构造,支     

日本海上自卫队C~3I系统

近年来,C~3I(指挥、控制、通信和情报的缩写)系统已被人们称作兵力“倍增器”,这是因为C~3I是计算机和通信在战场上的综合运用,它具有显著提高指挥效能的作用。本文介绍日本海上自卫队的C~3I系统的发展及服役设备情况。     

C~3I系统的功能、性能与效能刍议

本文结合C~3I系统功能、性能与效能研究方面存在的一些概念性问题,首先对功能、效能、性能三个词的内涵、相互联系与区别进行了分析和界定,提出了相应的定义和解释,并给出了我国军事系统目标与功能的一种分解模式,接着详细讨论了C~3I互系统功能和效能的内涵,提出了C~3I系统作战效能与平时效能的定义;最后,探讨了C~3I系统作战效能的特点,及其与平时效能的关系.     

前言

C~3I快速原型作为新课题已经受到C~3I界的高度重视,有些研究人员从不同应用出发,以不同的数学模型为基础,对C~3I快速原型进行了广泛的研究,得出一些有益的结果。这本专辑是以扩展Petri网模型来研究原型描述、制作、生成、执行/分析执行、仿真等基本问题,共包括六部分内容。第一部分介绍C~3I系统开发中的新概念、新方法,第二部分讲述C~3I需求工程概念及原型在需求工程中的作用,第     

Why Culture Matters: Revisiting the Sino-Indian Border War of 1962

This article examines the nuclear command and control (C²) system implemented in Pakistan since 1998, and discusses its potential consequences for the risk of inadvertent or unauthorised use of nuclear weapons. I argue that troubled civil-military relations and Pakistan's doctrine of ‘asymmetric escalation’ account for the creation of a command and control system with different characteristics during peacetime and military crises. Although the key characteristics of Pakistan's nuclear C² system allow relatively safe nuclear operations during peacetime, operational deployment of nuclear weapons during military standoffs is likely to include only rudimentary protections against inadvertent or unauthorised nuclear release. The implication of this study is that any shift from peacetime to wartime command and control procedures is likely to further destabilise Indo-Pakistani relations during the early stages of a diplomatic or military standoff, and introduce a non-trivial risk of accidental escalation to the nuclear level.     

利用交互依赖活动集对C4ISR系统进行重组

一个复杂的C4ISR系统由若干子系统组成,子系统之间的交互依赖关系应该尽量少.利用活动模型构造系统的活动邻接矩阵,用图论中的路径矩阵来识别强连通子图,从而得出交互依赖活动集.具有交互依赖关系的活动尽量安排在一个子系统内部.利用这种方法来对C4ISR系统进行重组.     

C4ISR系统开发的仿真模型描述研究

C4ISR(Command、Control、Communication、Computer、Intelligence、Surveillance and Reconnaissance)系统开发的仿真模型涉及多个应用领域,具有多粒度、阶段相关性等的特性.本文提出了C4ISR系统开发的仿真模型体系,给出了仿真模型的规范化描述....     

添加SiC微粉对硅树脂先驱体转化3D Cf/Si-O-C材料性能的影响

以三维碳纤维织物和廉价的硅树脂为原料,采用先驱体转化工艺制备3D G/Si-O-C材料,考察了浸渍液中添加SiC填料对材料微观结构、力学性能和抗氧化性能影响.结果表明:添加适量的SiC填料有助于减少基体孔隙,改善界面结合,从而提高材料的力学性能;而SiC含量过高时,容易在材料内部形成闭孔,从而导致材料力学性能下降.当SiC微粉含量为18.2%时,材料具有最好的力学性能,弯曲强度和断裂韧度分别为421.3MPa和13.0 MPa·m1/2;而材料的抗氧化性能随着SiC微粉含量的增加而增加,当SiC微粉含量为25.0%时,材料的弯曲强度保留率最高,达到了89.5%.     

Estimating the probability that a simulated system will be the best

Consider a stochastic simulation experiment consisting of v independent vector replications consisting of an observation from each of k independent systems. Typical system comparisons are based on mean (long‐run) performance. However, the probability that a system will actually be the best is sometimes more relevant, and can provide a very different perspective than the systems' means. Empirically, we select one system as the best performer (i.e., it wins) on each replication. Each system has an unknown constant probability of winning on any replication and the numbers of wins for the individual systems follow a multinomial distribution. Procedures exist for selecting the system with the largest probability of being the best. This paper addresses the companion problem of estimating the probability that each system will be the best. The maximum likelihood estimators (MLEs) of the multinomial cell probabilities for a set of v vector replications across k systems are well known. We use these same v vector replications to form v^k unique vectors (termed pseudo‐replications) that contain one observation from each system and develop estimators based on AVC (All Vector Comparisons). In other words, we compare every observation from each system with every combination of observations from the remaining systems and note the best performer in each pseudo‐replication. AVC provides lower variance estimators of the probability that each system will be the best than the MLEs. We also derive confidence intervals for the AVC point estimators, present a portion of an extensive empirical evaluation and provide a realistic example. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 49: 341–358, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/nav.10019     

Steady-state analysis of load balancing with Coxian-2 distributed service times

This paper studies load balancing for many-server (N servers) systems. Each server has a buffer of size b ? 1, and can have at most one job in service and b ? 1 jobs in the buffer. The service time of a job follows the Coxian-2 distribution. We focus on steady-state performance of load balancing policies in the heavy traffic regime such that the normalized load of system is λ = 1 ? N^?α for 0 < α < 0.5. We identify a set of policies that achieve asymptotic zero waiting. The set of policies include several classical policies such as join-the-shortest-queue (JSQ), join-the-idle-queue (JIQ), idle-one-first (I1F) and power-of-d-choices (Po d) with d = O(N^α log N). The proof of the main result is based on Stein's method and state space collapse. A key technical contribution of this paper is the iterative state space collapse approach that leads to a simple generator approximation when applying Stein's method.     

Fullerene bisadduct stabilizers: The effect of different addition positions on inhibiting the autocatalytic decomposition of nitrocellulose absorbed nitroglycerin

To explore the effect of different positions and number of pyrrolidine bound to the carbon cage on the stabilization effect of fulleropyrrolidine derivatives to nitrocellulose (NC)/nitroglycerine (NG), we synthesized N-(4-methoxy) phenylpyrrolidine-C₆₀ and four different of bis(N-(4-methoxy) phenylpyrrolidine)-C₆₀ compounds through Prato reaction. Their structures were characterized by UV–vis, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, high-resolution mass spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Their stabilization effect to NC/NG were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry, methyl violet, vacuum stabilization effect, weight loss, and accelerating rate calorimeter tests. The results indicated these compounds had excellent stabilization effect to NC/NG. The stabilization effect of the fulleropyrrolidine bisadducts to NC/NG is significantly better than that of fulleropyrrolidine monoadduct and C₆₀. Moreover, the position where pyrrolidine binds to fullerene in fulleropyrrolidine bisadducts is different, and its stabilization effect to NC is also different. The stabilization effect order of different bisadduct isomers to nitrocellulose is as follows: e-edge > trans-2> cis-2> trans-3. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and FT-IR were used to study the stabilization mechanism of fulleropyrrolidine derivatives to NC/NG. The EPR results also show that fulleropyrrolidine bisadducts with different addition sites have different abilities to absorb nitroxide, and their ability is better than that of the monoadduct and C₆₀, which is consistent with the results of stabilization effect performance test.     

Studies on the flame propagation characteristic and thermal hazard of the premixed N2O/fuel mixtures

An experimental study was carried out to investigate the flame propagation and thermal hazard of the premixed N₂O/fuel mixtures, including NH₃, C₃H₈ and C₂H₄. The study provided the high speed video images and data about the flame locations, propagation patterns, overpressures and the quenching diameters during the course of combustion in different channels to elucidate the dynamics of various combustion processes. The onset decomposition temperature was determined using high-performance adiabatic calorimetry. It was shown that the order of the flame acceleration rate and thermal hazard was N₂O/C₂H₄>N₂O/C₃H₈>N₂O/NH₃.     

A single server queue with arrival rate dependent on server breakdowns

This paper considers a single server queueing system that alternates stochastically between two states: operational and failed. When operational, the system functions as an M/E_k/1 queue. When the system is failed, no service takes place but customers continue to arrive according to a Poisson process; however, the arrival rate is different from that when the system is operational. The durations of the operating and failed periods are exponential with mean 1/cβ and Erlang with mean 1/cβ, respectively. Generating functions are used to derive the steady-state quantities L and W, both of which, when viewed as functions of c, decrease at a rate inversely proportional to c². The paper includes an analysis of several special and extreme cases and an application to a production-storage system.     

航空发动机在超声速引射系统中的应用分析

航空发动机可以对空气增压,并且增加气流温度,理论上存在应用于超声速引射系统的可能。分析了气源对引射器性能的影响以及引气对航空发动机的影响,介绍了3种航空发动机在超声速引射系统中可能的布局方案。针对某领域内的排气参数要求,分别对3种布局方案进行了计算分析。计算结果表明,当上游气体压强为0.044×10⁵ Pa和0.029 3×10⁵ Pa时,通过合理选择发动机的布局以及工作参数,发动机可以直接将上游气体排出或者作为驱动气源应用于超声速引射系统。