临近空间防空导弹制导律

基于临近空间防空导弹,在拦截高空高速大机动目标的条件下,对导弹的制导律进行了研究。给出了微分对策制导律的理论知识及其具体算法,通过Simulink工具进行模块化建模,并将制导律模型引入导弹六自由度模型中进行仿真,对比分析导弹飞行轨迹和需用过载,表明微分对策制导律要比常用的比例导引制导律更优。     

大姿控力矩复合控制导弹制导控制一体化设计

针对高速机动目标拦截过程中存在目标机动信息未知等问题,提出一种结合有限时间收敛的非线性干扰观测器与动态面反步设计的复合控制导弹制导控制一体化设计方法。首先,建立了姿控模式复合控制导弹制导控制一体化模型,采用有限时间收敛的非线性干扰观测器估计目标加速度信息、建模误差以及气动参数不确定等信息。其次,基于动态面的反步法设计了一体化控制律,避免了传统反步法的"微分爆炸"问题。最后,采用Lyapunov理论分析了闭环系统的稳定性。数学仿真结果验证了所设计的复合控制导弹制导控制一体化算法的正确性和有效性。     

Research on Guidance Low for Near Space Air Defence Missil

基于临近空间防空导弹,在拦截高空高速大机动目标的条件下,对导弹的制导律进行了研究.给出了微分对策制导律的理论知识及其具体算法,通过Simulink工具进行模块化建模,并将制导律模型引入导弹六自由度模型中进行仿真,对比分析导弹飞行轨迹和需用过载,表明微分对策制导律要比常用的比例导引制导律更优.     

空中大机动目标跟踪算法研究

为了解决在导弹末制导阶段对空中大机动目标的准确跟踪问题,将交互式多模型(IMM)及容积卡尔曼滤波(CKF)算法应用于导弹寻的制导中。首先,在三维空间中对大机动目标进行建模分析,并建立相应的导弹制导模型及导引头测量模型;其次,结合IMM模型与CKF方法设计了目标跟踪算法;最后,通过仿真验证了该算法对空中大机动目标跟踪的准确性,结果表明该算法在实时性方面也具有一定的优势,适合用于弹载计算机。     

高超声速滑翔目标多层递阶轨迹预测

为给高超声速滑翔目标态势与威胁评估、拦截防御等提供先验知识,提出一种多层递阶轨迹预测方法。该方法借鉴多层递阶预测理论对预测模型进行随机补偿,将轨迹预测问题分解成气动参数和模型误差的混合预测以及在此基础上对目标轨迹的预测。方法首先利用气动参数增广状态向量进行动力学建模,对气动参数和模型误差进行混合估计,根据参数估计值进行时间序列预测。然后,在参数预测的基础上,利用动力学模型积分预测目标轨迹。仿真设计了2种有规律的飞行模式仿真场景,分析跟踪与预测时间对预测精度的影响,结果表明算法具有稳定可靠的轨迹预测能力。     

气动参数不确定度对防空导弹制导精度的影响北大核心

防空导弹制导精度的提高对气动参数的精确性提出了更高的要求。在导弹的方案论证阶段,针对数值计算气动参数的不确定度进行了分析,并利用区间分析法得出不确定度范围。建立导弹制导控制六自由度仿真模型,完成不同速度区间下气动参数不确定度对防空导弹制导精度的影响分析。根据对仿真结果的分析,给出了在制导精度约束下,数值计算气动参数精细化设计方案。     

气动参数不确定度对防空导弹制导精度的影响

防空导弹制导精度的提高对气动参数的精确性提出了更高的要求。在导弹的方案论证阶段,针对数值计算气动参数的不确定度进行了分析,并利用区间分析法得出不确定度范围。建立导弹制导控制六自由度仿真模型,完成不同速度区间下气动参数不确定度对防空导弹制导精度的影响分析。根据对仿真结果的分析,给出了在制导精度约束下,数值计算气动参数精细化设计方案。     

环境参数在线辨识及其在滑翔段制导中的应用

针对助推滑翔导弹,提出基于飞行环境参数在线辨识的滑翔段数值预测校正制导方法。综合考虑大气密度和气动系数对导弹运动的影响,引入滑翔段综合环境参数,利用扩展Kalman滤波方法对综合参数进行在线辨识。基于在线辨识结果,利用渐消记忆递推最小二乘方法在线建立环境参数预测模型,并利用最新辨识结果进行模型的在线修正。设计了纵向和横向制导律,并基于环境参数在线预测模型进行落点预测,以克服飞行环境扰动对落点预测精度的影响。进行了大气密度非定常扰动下的制导仿真,以及密度和气动参数随机扰动下的Monte Carlo仿真。仿真结果表明:环境参数在线预测模型能准确预报飞行环境参数,制导方法对飞行环境扰动具有较强的鲁棒性。     

一种最优末制导规律研究

针对传统最优制导规律依赖于剩余飞行时间的缺陷,利用最优线性二次型的形式,以脱靶量和能量消耗综合最小为性能指标,通过对可调时间参数T的约束,建立了一种不依赖于剩余飞行时间的最优末制导规律.对导弹攻击机动目标的情况进行了仿真研究,并与依赖于剩余飞行时间的传统最优制导律相比较.仿真结果表明,所设计的制导规律具有优良的特性.     

基于模型参考的SINS/GPS制导炸弹俯仰偏航控制

由于SINS/GPS制导炸弹俯仰偏航要进行大空域的机动飞行,导致了其作为被控对象的状态方程参数变化剧烈,就要求飞控系统具有更强的适应能力和鲁棒性.因此.设计了基于模型参考变结构控制方法的鲁棒自动驾驶仪,具有良好的瞬态性能和抗参数大范围变化能力强等优点.以某型SlNS/GPS制导炸弹为例.选取典型的气动恶劣条件,进行了按给定制导指令飞行的六自由度全弹道飞行控制仿真,仿真结果表明,该自动驾驶仪能对制导炸弹实现鲁棒自适应控制,为飞控系统设计提供了重要参考.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

The UK,interrogation and Iraq, 2003–2008

The UK’s interrogation operations during the conflict in Iraq (2003–2008) are often portrayed by the media as involving significant amounts of mistreatment. This article demonstrates that these practices are not necessarily representative of the UK’s interrogation operations across this conflict. In doing so it contributes to the limited literature on the practice of interrogation and on the UK’s combat operations in Iraq. The UK’s interrogation capability, and therefore its intelligence-gathering capability, is shown to have rested primarily with the military’s Joint Forward Interrogation Team (JFIT). The JFIT suffered from limitations to the number, training and experience of its interrogators and interpreters. It is argued that maintaining a permanent, higher level of preparedness for interrogation by the British armed forces is desirable.     

Remembering and forgetting Mirambo: Histories of war in modern Africa

ABSTRACT

While the study of organised violence is considered essential to understanding the history of the West, and accordingly imbued with various layers of meaning and remembrance, war is widely regarded as inimical to the modern nation in Africa and stable development more broadly. Using examples drawn from primarily from East Africa, this paper considers the ways in which warfare in the deeper (‘precolonial’) past has been framed and envisioned in recent decades, in particular by governments whose own roots lie in revolutionary armed struggle and who began life as guerrilla movements. While in some cases particular elements of the deeper past were indeed mobilised in pursuit of contemporary political goals, in many other scenarios histories of precolonial violence were beheld as problematic and unworthy of remembrance. This paper highlights the paradox and ambiguity which has attended the memory of key aspects of Africa’s deeper past.