国防关键技术选择中备选技术清单研究

形成备选国防关键技术领域和技术清单是进行国防关键技术调查与选择的前提和基础。按照先分解再合并的研究路径,研究提出备选技术清单的有五个主要来源,通过初步开展国防关键技术领域和备选清单遴选的研究,为后续国防关键技术选择评价理论、模型、方法和工具的应用验证提供支撑。     

美国"下一代过顶持续红外"(OPIR)预警卫星研究进展

美国天基预警卫星系统是导弹防御系统的重要组成部分,对其发展现状和能力的研究具有重要意义.为了支撑我国天基光学预警相关领域的基础研究和工程研制,在分析了美国国防支援计划(defense support program,DSP)和天基红外系统(space-based infrared system,SBIRS)2代天基预警...     

《国防军工领域国产数控系统“换脑工程”可靠性评价及标准规范研究》课题启动会在湖北武汉召开

<正>作为国防军工领域国产数控系统"换脑工程"的责任单位,为更好地支撑"换脑工程"的实施,中国和平利用军工技术协会联合中国机床工具工业协会承担了《国防军工领域国产数控系统"换脑工程"可靠性评价及标准规范研究》课题。2018年1月24日,课题启动会在湖北武汉召开,工业和信息化部装备工业司韩行调研员、工信部产业发展促进中心李丽及国家04科技重大专项总体组专家陈小明、林浒莅临会议,对课题实施提出殷切期望和具体要求。会议通报了课题的预期     

完善国防动员“应急应战”体制的若干思考

完善国防动员"应急应战"体制应树立"大国防观",将应急与应战动员合二为一,使用一套组织体系,形成大国防观下的"国家动员机构";要把应急预案和国防动员预案统一起来,制定和完善各类抗灾抢险预案,对公共危机管理的目标、应对策略、行动基本政策、解决危机的规则和程序以及方法等加以规定;要建立多部门共议、灵活机动的协作联动机制;要健全预警机制,设置风险"警戒线",规定预警事项处理程序;要完善有关动员的基本法,把国家动员的基本原则和要求上升为国家意志。     

图书推介

《国防经济学系列丛书》之《国防经济学前沿专题》主编:陈波副主编:郝朝艳侯娜经济科学出版社出版《国防经济学前沿专题》针对国防经济学不断拓展的研究领域、研究主题和多样化的分析方法与技术,重点对近年来国际学术界集中讨论的经济制裁、冲     

浅谈构建以军事需求特性为导向的民技军用评价指标模式

<正>"民技军用",是将相对成熟的民用高新技术成果经过适应性开发研究,应用于武器装备研制和国防科研生产军事需要的技术开发活动。通过民技军用,可以吸引各种渠道资源,特别是民用技术资源进入国防领域,促进创新,加快武器装备升级换代;可以促进解决原有军工资产的效率问题,构建国家主导、需求牵引、市场运作、军民深度融合的运行体系,由"输血"转为"造血",促进我国军工技术产业升级,进而构建完善的军民两用技术体系及产业链。     

印智库分析影响印度国防创新能力的5大问题

近日,印度国防与分析研究所发布了一份题为《印度的国防创新——断层线》的报告。报告称,近年来,印度在科学技术领域取得较大的成就,尤其在航天领域的进步得到全世界的认可。2013年7月,印度首颗"印度区域导航卫星系统"卫星成功发射。此外,印度的航天预算跻身世界第六名,航天工业的自主化程度进一步提高,自主研发技术占全部技术的70%。但印度科学技术的很多领域还远低于世界水平,以下五大问题严重制约着印度国防的创新能力。     

武器装备技术体系结构优化设计流程方法研究

装备技术体系作为装备体系能力建设的重要支撑,其结构优化设计是国防科技发展战略研究、国防关键技术选择、国防科研规划论证的核心内容。综合考虑武器装备发展建设需求、技术发展水平和前沿技术预测等因素,提出了以基于极大完全子图的聚类分析方法为基础、以专家实践经验为支撑的装备技术体系结构优化设计方法,形成了定性定量相结合的优化设计流程,开发了操作性较强的软件工具原型系统,为构建科学合理的装备技术体系奠定了基础。     

我国国防支出与经济增长、居民消费的关系实证研究

基于非结构化动态建模理论,采集37年间数据样本,建立了无约束VAR模型、协整约束VEC模型分析国防支出与经济增长、居民消费间的运行规律。研究表明:三者间存在长期均衡关系,经济增长和居民消费对国防支出具有显著正向作用,尽管国防支出未对经济增长和居民消费产生"挤出效应",但国防支出总体仍呈现负规模性特征,"溢出效应"不明显,需要进一步加强军民融合,整合军地资源,提高对国防支出的科学预测能力。     

聚焦美国2007年版《国防研究与工程战略计划》

2007年9月4日，美国国防部负责制定军内科研机构管理政策与指导方针的国防研究与工程署（DDR＆E）出台了《国防研究与工程战略计划》。该战略计划就美军的国防研究与工程战略阐述了实施目的，提出了三军和主要机构国防研究与工程发展的设想和任务，明确了国防研究与工程投资的重点技术领域，     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

Country survey XVI the defence sector in the economy of a declining superpower: Soviet Union and Russia, 1965-2001

The Soviet Union was able to develop a large military-industrial complex and become the world's second superpower despite deficiencies in its centrally planned economy because defence was given high priority status and special planning, rationing and administrative mechanisms were used to attain national security objectives. However, in the period 1976-85 the effectiveness of priority protection diminished and defence institutions experienced more of the problems typical of the shortage economic system. The heavy defence burden also created growing difficulties for the civilian economy. The attempts by the Gorbachev government to reform the defence sector and improve defence-economic relationships during perestroika (1985-91) uniformly failed. For most of the transition period, the Russian military-industrial complex has been adversely affected by its low priority status, cuts in defence spending, instability of the hybrid politico-economic system, and negative growth of the economy. The armed forces and defence industry have been reduced in size and their outputs of military services and equipment have fallen to low levels. Nevertheless, the Russian armed forces still have over one million troops, significant stocks of sophisticated conventional weapons, and a large nuclear arsenal. The government of President Putin has raised the priority of the defence sector, increased real defence spending, and adopted ambitious plans to revive Russian military power. It is likely, though, that tight resource constraints will hamper efforts to reform the armed forces and to upgrade weapons. By 2010 Russia will be an important, but not dominant, military power in Eurasia.     

Traffickers,terrorists, and a ‘new security challenge’: Russian counternarcotics strategy and the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade

The collapse of the Soviet Union precipitated the massive expansion of drug use and trade in Russia. The country now has one of the largest populations of injecting drug users in the world and has become the largest single-country market for Afghan heroin. In 2003 the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade was created to coordinate a comprehensive counternarcotics strategy appropriate to the scale of this threat. The service continues to face a number of challenges in its early stages of development. However, it has made considerable advances in improving responses to large-scale organised crime and in building international cooperation.