论网络安全战略与国家网络主权

随着网络空间承载的国家利益日益广泛,网络主权及其保障问题引起了国际社会的高度重视,世界主要国家纷纷通过制定网络安全战略来维护本国网络主权。分析了世界各国对网络主权保护的态度及网络主权与网络安全的关系,综述了世界各国现有网络安全战略的特点。从保护我国国家网络主权的实际需求出发,指出了我国在网络安全战略的制定和实施中应当重点关注的问题,即以总体国家安全观为根本出发点、以网络主权为基本依据、健全相关法律法规体系、健全体制机制和保障力量体系、加快推进网络安全核心技术发展以及加强网络安全人才培养。     

特朗普政府网络空间战备新政的影响与对策

<正>特朗普政府将国家安全政策的核心转向"以实力追求和平,重建武装力量",改变缩减国防预算和军队规模的趋势,紧锣密鼓地制定新的国防战略,调整中期国防投资计划,全面加速网络空间战备建设。为此,我们应该对此进行深入研究,以便尽快出台国家网络安全战略,整合各方网络安全优势资源,加速网络空间安全力量建设,开展网络安全国际合作,全面应对美国网络安全的威胁和挑战。     

浅析“十四五”期间人才强国战略实施路径

人才强国战略是国家发展战略的重要组成部分,是实现“十四五”规划和二〇三五年远景目标的重要战略之一。自十八大以来,我国在自主培养人才方面取得了历史性的成效,为实现国家经济发展战略作出了巨大贡献。但是,由于经济的快速发展和西方国家的技术封锁,人才培养不完全适应国家经济发展战略的要求;人才的供给和需求存在结构性矛盾,不能完全适应企业技术升级、产品升级的要求。因此,应当按照产、学、研一体化的原则构建完善的高科技人才培养体系,进一步改进高校和科研机构的人才培养机制、人才培养模式,一方面着力培养战略科学家,一方面对接企业的人才需求,解决人才供给和需求的主要矛盾,更好地服务于国家发展战略。     

美国网络安全战略的实质

当前,网络安全问题日益成为世界政治、外交、经济以及军事等领域的重要课题.美国从克林顿政府起,逐步提高了对网络空间存在安全隐患问题的重视程度,制定了一套相对完善和成熟的网络安全政策和法律法规,形成了独具特色的网络安全战略.美国利用网络空间技术和资源优势,采用攻守兼备、恩威并重的方式加强其网络空间安全,并利用网络空间安全政策为其国家利益服务.文章从网络安全力量体系建设、网络空间作战能力建设、推销美国式网络安全政策、利用互联网干涉别国内政等方面对美国网络安全战略的实质进行了剖析.     

从美军网络战略看美国网络安全的军事保障

对美国政府、美国国防部、美军各军种发布的一系列战略文件,采用分层归纳、对比分析的方法进行了研究,总结了美国国家网络安全战略的发展历程及特点,重点分析了美军各网络战略文件的核心思想,得出了美国在网络安全军事保障方面的主要经验做法,即将网络空间视为一个作战域、组建网络任务部队、重视网络空间人才队伍建设、重视网络技术发展和创新、重视网络空间军民融合和重视网络空间国际合作。     

“国家安全与科技发展战略国际研讨会”论谈（之二）

近年来,随着空间和网络空间科技的飞速发展,一些国家出现了推动新一轮空间与网络空间军事化的冲动,非国家组织、私营部门和黑客个体也日趋活跃于网络空间．空间和网络空间安全问题以及跨领域安全问题越来越受到国际社会的高度重视。在此背景下,第三届国家安全与科技发展战略国际研讨会主题定为“空间与网络空间：跨域安全挑战与国际协调”,2013年6月,来自国内的40余名战略研究学者和美国、俄罗斯、英国等7个国家的16位外籍专家,围绕“科技发展、国际战略格局调整与国家安全新挑战”、“网络安全、空间安全与跨域安全”、“网络、空间及其衍生安全问题”、“网络安全、空间安全与跨域安全治理的思路及对策”等四个方面进行深入探讨。     

国有大型网络安全军工企业组织体系的改革与实践

目前,网络空间已成为大国博弈的核心领域,网络空间斗争形势日益复杂,网络空间安全上升为国家战略,对国有网络安全军工企业提出了更高的政治要求和能力要求.本文以W公司为例,通过研究W公司组织体系改革实施的必要性、基本思路和主要做法,以及实施成效,说明组织体系改革对国有网络安全军工企业履行强军兴军使命,支撑高水平科技自立自强,...     

军民融合视角下的美国网络安全人才战略

由于网络技术的军民两用特性,军民融合是提升网络空间安全能力的必然选择。而网络空间的竞争,归根结底是人才竞争。网络安全人才战略必须有效应对人才资源整体不足的现实困难,通过合理配置资源和创建创新机制安排,推进军民融合式的网络安全人才体系建设。美国高度重视人才在网络安全战略体系中的关键作用,通过宏观政策引导、创新交流机制、拓宽吸纳渠道等多种方式,为构建军民融合式的网络安全人才战略提供了经验借鉴。     

基于深度学习的网络安全预见路径研究

当前,我国正处在由网络大国向网络强国转变的关键时期,网络安全威胁不容小觑。以深度学习为代表的人工智能技术在网络安全领域的应用价值日益凸显,着眼基于深度学习的网络安全预见路径和价值趋向研究,能够从方法论层面有效提高抵御网络安全威胁的主动性和针对性,实现由"被动防御"向"主动预见"的网络安全战略升级转型。文章探讨相关概念内涵,提出"数据预判—技术预测—战略预见"的网络安全预见逻辑路径,并对深度学习技术在网络安全预见领域的应用前景进行探讨,从技术的融合渗透、开源共享、要素协同治理等方面阐释了网络安全预见的价值趋向,通过理论分析论证深度学习技术对提升网络安全预见力的重要作用。     

军民结合深度发展背景下高等教育资源共享问题思考

自党的十八大提出"坚持走中国特色军民融合式发展路子,坚持富国和强军相统一"之后,军民融合发展战略开始纳入新时代强国战略体系.随后,党中央、国务院、中央军委又提出"加强教育资源统筹,完善军民融合的人才培养使用体系".高等院校占据着教育资源的战略高地,同时也是国家高素质人才培养的摇篮,应当积极探索富国强军战略背景下的教育资...     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Cyberpower in Strategic Affairs: Neither Unthinkable nor Blessed

Abstract

This article explores the effect of connectivity on strategic affairs. It argues that the effect on war's character is potentially, although not yet shown in practice, considerably large. Its effect upon the distribution of power among states in the international system is small, contrary to the claims of ‘cyberwar’ alarmists. All told, however, its effect upon strategic affairs is complex. On the one hand, it represents a significant advance in the ‘complexification’ of state strategies, understood in the sense of the production of intended effects. On the other hand, strategists today – still predominantly concerned with the conflicts and confrontations of states and organised military power – are generally missing the power which non-traditional strategic actors, better adapted to the network flows of the information age, are beginning to deploy. These new forms of organization and coercion will challenge the status quo.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.