多特征融合文本聚类的新闻话题发现模型

融合新闻命名实体、新闻标题、新闻重要段落、文本语义等多特征影响,提出基于多特征融合文本聚类的新闻话题发现模型。模型根据新闻的多特征影响,提出一种多特征融合文本聚类方法。该方法针对新闻标题、新闻重要段落等特征因素构建向量空间模型及相似度算法,基于潜在狄利克雷分配模型构建主题空间模型及相似度算法,针对命名实体构建命名实体模型及相似度算法,并将三种相似度算法形成最优融合。基于多特征融合文本聚类方法,模型改进了用于新闻话题发现的Single-Pass算法。实验是在真实新闻数据集上开展的,实验结果表明:该模型有效地提高了新闻话题发现的准确率、召回率和综合评价指标,并具有一定的自适应能力。     

ReliefF内容相似度的雷达情报按需分发

基于内容相似度的情报按需分发通过相似度计算形成用户的信息推荐,但是传统的相似度算法假定所有特征具有相同的重要程度,与目前已知事实相悖。为此,提出一种特征加权的内容相似度计算方法,该方法考虑各维特征对结果的不同影响,利用Relief F算法赋予特征权值,并根据特征的重要程度进行特征选择,最后通过计算情报之间的内容相似度,形成基于加权内容相似度的最近邻区,在此基础上预测新情报对用户的推荐度,并按兴趣程度实现雷达情报的按需分发。实验表明,该算法具有较好的推荐性能,预测效果优于传统的内容相似度推荐方法。     

具有连续反馈的在线草图符号识别算法

当前多数在线草图符号识别方法是在用户绘制完图形后,通过点击按钮或等待一定时间来反馈识别结果。为提供连续反馈,提出了一种基于图元的部分草图识别算法:对输入笔画进行笔画分割得到图元表示,提取表示两个图元空间关系的新特征,依据指派问题模型,通过该特征的相似度识别符号。算法简单,无须训练,而且与笔顺、笔画数和图形大小无关。实验证明了方法的有效性。     

基于Beta信誉模型的虚假Web服务QoS反馈滤除算法

针对由于Web服务推荐用户提交虚假QoS反馈而导致的QoS预测准确度下降问题,提出了一种基于Beta信誉模型的虚假QoS反馈滤除算法。该算法首先将若干个经过认证的中心用户作为初始可信用户集;然后,评估用户反馈数据与可信用户集反馈数据的偏离程度;最后,根据用户提交的偏离反馈次数对其信誉度进行评估,并将信誉度高于可信阈值的用户判定为可信用户,使可信用户集得到更新。通过循环执行以上过程,大部分虚假用户将被分离出系统。实验结果表明:该算法具有较强的虚假用户筛查能力,可有效提升QoS预测算法的抗攻击能力。     

基于多Agent协作的战场信息共享系统研究与实现

针对联合作战中分布、动态的战场环境和海量的战场信息,满足不同作战实体对战场信息资源共享的需求,构建了一个基于多智能体的、面向作战任务的信息资源共享模型,并提出了一种新颖的基于相似度的用户动态聚类方法。从用户的资源请求中发现用户兴趣和用户之间的相似度,通过交互机制有效地将相同兴趣的用户及资源智能体关联起来,提高作战主体获取战场信息的能力。实验证明该算法具有较高的效率和良好的可扩展性。     

基于深度森林的网络流量分类方法

随着网络应用的迅猛发展,流量分类在网络资源分配、流量调度和网络安全等诸多研究领域受到广泛关注。现有的机器学习流量分类方法对流量数据特征的选取和分布要求苛刻,导致在实际应用中的复杂流量场景下分类精确度和稳定度难以提高。为了解决样本特征属性的复杂性给分类性能带来的不利影响,引入了基于深度森林的流量分类方法。该算法通过级联森林和多粒度扫描机制,能够在样本数量规模和特征属性选取规模有限的情况下,有效地提高流量整体分类性能。通过网络流量公开数据集Moore对支持向量机、随机森林和深度森林机器学习算法进行训练和测试,结果表明基于深度森林的网络流量分类器的分类准确率能够达到96. 36%,性能优于其他机器学习模型。     

基于属性散射中心的SAR图像重构及在目标识别中的应用

提出基于属性散射中心重构的合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像目标识别方法.该方法采用邻域匹配算法构建测试图像散射中心集与对应模板散射中心集的对应关系.并分别利用所有的测试散射中心以及匹配的模板散射中心基于属性散射中心模型重构测试图像和模板图像.在此基础上,设计重构图像之间的相似度度量并根据最大相似度的准则判定目标类别.利用MSTAR数据集在多种条件下进行了目标识别实验,验证了所研究方法的有效性.     

Hash技术在消防产品信息检索中的应用

讨论了消防产品的身份证管理制度,针对跟踪管理系统中移动终端查询速度较慢的问题,将Hash技术应用到产品信息检索中,并对全国消防产品数据库中采集的数据进行了实验测试.实验结果表明,Hash技术用于移动终端大规模数据的检索具有简单高效的特点.     

基于N层向量空间模型的装备IETM数据查询

为了提高IETM数据查询的准确率,通过对数据模块编码层与XML内容层进行分析,结合N层向量空间模型查询算法,从IETM数据模块编码层中的型号识别码、系统层次码、信息码以及数据模块内部数据信息入手,提出了一种基于N层向量空间模型的装备IETM数据查询算法,并通过IETM实例验证了该算法的正确性与实用性。     

基于模糊熵与方向相似度的液体火箭发动机故障检测

先定义系统的广义模糊熵及其计算公式，再给出滑动数据窗口中采样数据矢量方向分布中心的离散度定义及其与模糊熵之间的负指数解析关系，并基于离散度概念对自适应窗口滤波器进行了改进，提高了滤波器对噪声的敏感度以及故障检测算法对强干扰噪声环境的鲁棒性。同时，根据滑动数据窗口中二模糊聚类数据中心矢量方向相似度的变化来监示发动机系统故障的发展趋势。本文基于受强噪声环境干扰的实际试车数据并用自组织模糊聚类算法作为滑动数据窗口上的聚类算法进行了数字仿真试验。仿真结果表明：基于模糊熵的故障检测算法具有对强噪声环境的鲁棒性，是低信噪比环境下的一种客观的故障检测算法。     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

The UK,interrogation and Iraq, 2003–2008

The UK’s interrogation operations during the conflict in Iraq (2003–2008) are often portrayed by the media as involving significant amounts of mistreatment. This article demonstrates that these practices are not necessarily representative of the UK’s interrogation operations across this conflict. In doing so it contributes to the limited literature on the practice of interrogation and on the UK’s combat operations in Iraq. The UK’s interrogation capability, and therefore its intelligence-gathering capability, is shown to have rested primarily with the military’s Joint Forward Interrogation Team (JFIT). The JFIT suffered from limitations to the number, training and experience of its interrogators and interpreters. It is argued that maintaining a permanent, higher level of preparedness for interrogation by the British armed forces is desirable.     

Remembering and forgetting Mirambo: Histories of war in modern Africa

ABSTRACT

While the study of organised violence is considered essential to understanding the history of the West, and accordingly imbued with various layers of meaning and remembrance, war is widely regarded as inimical to the modern nation in Africa and stable development more broadly. Using examples drawn from primarily from East Africa, this paper considers the ways in which warfare in the deeper (‘precolonial’) past has been framed and envisioned in recent decades, in particular by governments whose own roots lie in revolutionary armed struggle and who began life as guerrilla movements. While in some cases particular elements of the deeper past were indeed mobilised in pursuit of contemporary political goals, in many other scenarios histories of precolonial violence were beheld as problematic and unworthy of remembrance. This paper highlights the paradox and ambiguity which has attended the memory of key aspects of Africa’s deeper past.