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1.
航拍图像中车辆一般近似为矩形结构,因此通过统计检测窗口中的梯度方向直方图并根据梯度主方向估计车辆朝向,然后将检测窗口旋转到相应方向进行分类器判别。车辆检测采用级联boosting分类器和梯度方向直方图特征(HOG,Histograms of Orient Gradient),针对旋转窗口中HOG特征的计算,设计了一种基于圆形滤波器的HOG(Circle Filter based HOG,CFHOG)特征,与传统基于积分直方图的HOG特征提取方法相比,显著提高了旋转窗口中HOG特征的计算效率,此外在计算每个像素的梯度时采用查找表代替梯度向量的求模和角度计算也减小了计算量。使用真实图像进行的实验表明本文车辆检测算法快速高效。  相似文献   

2.
提出一种基于稀疏空域分割与梯度方向直方图的异源图像匹配方法。将图像分为多个子区,计算每个子区的梯度方向直方图;计算直方图的汇聚度,并根据汇聚度计算直方图相似性;采用两步搜索法,寻找与基准图中与实时图直方图相似度最高的窗口即为正确匹配结果。采用仿真图和真实异源图像对算法进行了测试,结果表明,这种方法能够可靠快速实现异源图像匹配。  相似文献   

3.
空间金字塔模型由于其优势在当前图像分类中得到了广泛应用。然而,其码本生成和特征量化这两个环节具有较高的计算复杂度。为了解决这个问题,提出了一种新的局部特征表述———梯度方向二进制模式,首先对图像稠密采样得到多个子图像块,再将每个子图像块均匀划分为2×2个网格,计算每个网格的梯度直方图,然后对所有网格的梯度主方向进行二进制编码并连接为二进制串值,该二进制串值转换的十进制数即为子图像块的特征表述,最后将该特征表述嵌入到SPM模型中。在标准分类数据库上的实验结果证明了本方法在算法耗时和分类精度上均优于基于SIFT的SPM方法。  相似文献   

4.
针对JPEG图像通用隐写检测问题,提出了一种基于单类集成分类器的新方法。算法提取图像DCT块内、块间和小波层内、层间的共生特征以及小波子带系数的直方图特征对图像进行描述,并计算检测图像及其原始估计图像所提共生矩阵和直方图分布的对称交互熵作为隐写分析特征;然后,随机构造若干个特征子空间,利用bootstrap方法构造载体图像训练子集,分别进行单类训练得到数个基分类器;最后,将基分类器的分类结果按多数投票法进行融合作为单类集成分类器的分类结果。实验结果表明,单类集成分类器能显著提高算法的检测效果,而且,本方法相比基于多超球面OC-SVM分类器的单类隐写分析方法,具有更高检测率。  相似文献   

5.
邓军  甘新胜 《指挥控制与仿真》2009,31(3):98-100,107
视频拼接是空中监视的一个关键部分,它有助于人们从全局的角度理解监控场景.视频拼接包括图像的配准和融合两部分.提出了一种基于不变特征的视频拼接方法,它通过相邻两帧的拼接来实现全景图的拼接.该算法配准部分首先采用梯度方向直方图确定相邻两帧的旋转角度;其次检测两幅图像的角点,特征描述采用SIFT,并结合旋转角度对特征点进行粗匹配;然后对粗匹配的结果采用RANSAc算法剔除错误匹配点.融合部分采用灰度加权的方法.实验结果表明,该算法能够有效地进行视频拼接,甚至存在运动目标的干扰下也能够完成拼接,具有鲁棒性好和速度较快的特点.  相似文献   

6.
针对遥感异源图像匹配中非线性灰度畸变和强噪声干扰问题,提出一种基于主成分分析(Principal Components Analysis, PCA)和方向梯度直方图(Histogram of Oriented Gradients, HOG)的遥感异源图像匹配算法。该算法利用HOG提取图像间的几何结构共性特征,能有效克服异源图像非线性灰度畸变的问题;提出一种快速多尺度PCA算法,能对HOG中的局部梯度方向进行增强,从而能在强噪声干扰的情况下,准确提取出图像的结构特征。为了提高算法的计算速度,利用积分图像降低特征提取过程的计算复杂度,并利用快速傅里叶变换实现高效率的匹配搜索。实验利用多种遥感异源图像(包括可见光图像、合成孔径雷达图像和红外图像)对提出的匹配算法进行了验证。结果表明,与现有算法相比,该算法在匹配性能上有明显提升。  相似文献   

7.
针对不同波段SAR图像配准问题,提出一种结合阈值分割和改进SIFT描述子的配准方法。该方法首先基于改进的二维交叉熵进行图像分割,通过形态学处理获得图像的稳定区域;然后利用Sobel算子改进特征点梯度幅值和方向的计算,并通过优化的梯度位置方向直方图(GLOH)特征生成新的关键点描述子;最后采用距离比和快速抽样一致(FSC)算法获得最佳匹配点对,完成图像配准。实验结果表明,该方法在提升算法效率的同时,可以获得较高的配准精度。  相似文献   

8.
针对传统SIFT算法存在特征描述符计算复杂,匹配时间长,错匹配较多等问题,提出了一种基于改进SIFT特征的航拍图像快速匹配方法。该方法采用基于圆形窗口的梯度方向累加值与同心圆形窗口内的灰度累加值、灰度差分值来构建18维的改进特征描述符,并在特征点匹配过程中,采用基于相关系数相似度量准则的双向匹配方法来获取初始匹配特征点对。最后,运用RANSAC算法进一步消除错配和估算仿射变换模型,并通过双线性插值法对变换后的图像进行重采样和插值。实验表明,该方法可以实现航拍图像之间的有效匹配,在匹配速度和匹配精度上优于传统SIFT算法,具有较好的实时性。  相似文献   

9.
基于梯度直方图的交叉点检测方法   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
提出基于梯度直方图的交叉点检测方法:统计像素点邻域梯度信息生成特征描述子,通过判定准则筛选候选交叉点,基于欧氏距离对候选交叉点进行聚类后,利用灰度加权法定位图像交叉点坐标。仿真实验验证了算法的正确性与可行性,结果表明:该方法适用于交叉角为65°~90°范围内的交叉点检测,定位精度优于0.6像素,检测率大于90%;该方法可以很好地抵抗图像旋转,定位精度和检测率基本不受图像旋转影响。该方法具有良好的抗噪性能,可满足一般透视变换下的图像交叉点检测需求,适用于结构光三维重建中的系统标定和形貌测量。  相似文献   

10.
提出了一种新的基于遗传算法和支持向量机的隐藏图像检测方法。用遗传算法进行图像特征选择,采用支持向量机作为分类器,将支持向量机的分类效果作为适应度函数值返回,指导遗传算法搜索最优的特征,移除图像的不相关特征和冗余特征,提高了学习效率。实验结果表明,与仅采用支持向量机分类但未进行特征选择的隐藏检测方法相比,本方法能有效地提升分类器性能。  相似文献   

11.
Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.  相似文献   

12.
The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.  相似文献   

13.
In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.  相似文献   

14.
Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).  相似文献   

15.
16.
The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.  相似文献   

17.
Reviews     
Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9  相似文献   

18.
This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.  相似文献   

19.
The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.  相似文献   

20.
本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。  相似文献   

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