特种防护舱抗爆性能试验研究

为探讨特种防护舱抗爆性能,进行了舱内爆炸原型试验,研究不同装药量下开闭盖状态防护舱内爆炸时的空气冲击波超压和舱体位移过程。结果表明:同药量下闭盖状态的空气冲击波超压明显高于开盖状态,即封闭舱内偶然爆炸时空气冲击波超压更高;随装药量的增大,舱壁的空气冲击波超压也在增大;舱体侧壁经过多次正反射作用均未发生碎片反应,顶盖泄爆措施对降低底板的空气冲击波超压十分有利;距爆心较近处的位移均比距爆心较远处的位移大。原型试验舱体完全破坏,但结构未发生崩溃式破坏,并无碎片及内爆的二次破片飞出,舱体具有一定的抗爆性能和较好的防破片能力。     

冲击波和高速破片联合作用下固支方板毁伤效应数值模拟

为探讨固支方形钢板结构在空爆冲击波和高速破片联合作用下的动态响应过程及变形破坏模式,利用有限元分析软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA,开展了空爆冲击波和高速破片对固支方板的联合作用数值模拟计算,阐述了固支方板在联合载荷作用下动态响应过程的2个阶段,以及在不同爆距下的变形破坏模式和特点。结果表明,随着爆距增加,在破片密集作用区内,钢板的破坏模式存在从集团冲塞破口到部分穿孔边界撕裂联通,再到无穿孔边界撕裂现象的转换。     

冲击波和气泡载荷联合作用下加筋板塑性变形

水下爆炸冲击波和气泡载荷对舰船结构都有不同程度的毁伤作用,计算舰船结构在水下爆炸载荷作用下的塑性变形时,需要同时考虑两种载荷的影响.通过对加筋板结构刚塑性分析,运用Lagrangian方程,得到一种计算冲击波和气泡脉动压力波联合作用下加筋板塑性变形的方法.该方法计算结果与试验值和文献值吻合较好.对该计算方法的适用范围进...     

水下近场非接触爆炸载荷作用下加筋板毁伤变形的数值仿真研究

采用高动态非线性有限元程序MSC.Dytran对复杂加筋板结构在水下爆炸载荷下的动态响应和变形模式进行了仿真分析和模型试验,建立了复杂加筋板架结构水下爆炸作用下动态响应的有限元计算方法.研究了加筋板在水下爆炸载荷下的不同毁伤形式,并利用有限元程序对复杂毁伤形式进行了瞬态毁伤过程分析,认为一定药量近距离爆炸时局部破坏要先于整体破坏.     

舰船局部结构在水下爆炸气泡载荷作用下的塑性变形分析

在水下爆炸载荷作用下的舰船局部结构塑性变形计算中,往往只考虑冲击波载荷的影响而忽略气泡载荷的影响。为研究气泡载荷在舰船局部结构塑性变形中所占的比例,利用通用有限元软件Abaqus,对舰船局部结构典型形式加筋板模型在水下爆炸载荷作用下的动态响应进行了数值仿真。其中,载荷计算采用了Geers-Hunter模型,材料本构采用了Johnson-Cook模型。分析仿真结果发现,模型中点变形挠度明显分为两个阶段,很容易区分冲击波载荷引起的变形和气泡载荷引起的变形。将最终变形挠度仿真计算结果与试验结果进行对比,两者吻合较好。计算结果表明:由气泡载荷引起的加筋板塑性变形挠度超过总变形挠度的30%,所以在计算中气泡载荷的影响不容忽视。     

纤维缠绕复合材料夹芯圆柱体高应变率压缩吸能机理

为研究纤维缠绕复合材料夹芯圆柱体吸能元件在高应变率冲击压缩载荷作用下的变形损伤模式和能量吸收机理,采用ABAQUS商用有限元软件和分离式Hopkinson压杆装置开展数值模拟分析和试验验证研究。对比分析宏观力学响应规律和微观损伤破坏机理,可知吸能结构元件在高应变率压缩载荷下的力学响应具有典型的弹塑性特征,内部芯材主要产生压缩塑性损伤,而表层复合材料沿环向产生拉伸断裂破坏。研究表明,该吸能元件冲击压缩吸能特性优异,可满足水下结构平台的冲击防护和浮力储备要求。     

非接触空爆对舰艇结构的破坏作用分析

基于非接触空爆理论,对作用于船体结构的载荷进行了分析,并将船体结构简化为板架模型进行了破坏作用的数值计算,计算结果与实际情况相符.     

舰船结构塑性动力响应研究进展

从舰船结构塑性动力响应的工程背景出发,简要介绍了该问题当前的研究进展．主要评述了国内外学者所关注的一些基本问题和研究方法,主要包括解析法、近似法、数值法等,以及冲击载荷作用下梁、板、板架、壳体等结构塑性动力响应的研究进展．     

炸药动态起爆对舰船上下邻舱结构的毁伤效应研究

为研究炸药动态起爆对小型作战舰艇相邻舱室的破坏效应,首先采用LS-DYNA有限元软件,分析了装药在下舱静态起爆时对邻舱的毁伤形式;然后,计算了装药在动态起爆和静态起爆时舱壁的飞散速度和舱内的冲击波超压值差异;最后,计算了不同质量装药在动态起爆时对组合舱室的毁伤情况。结果表明:炸药在下舱内爆时,上舱舱壁受到下舱顶板变形发生挤压变形,主要变形区域位于顶板处;运动装药相比静态装药对速度正方向舱室的毁伤效果明显提高,且速度正方向舱壁焊接处破裂位置发生了改变,上舱舱壁出现了更大形变;装药质量的改变可影响舱室率先破坏的位置,从而间接影响到对邻舱的破坏形式。     

垂向冲击作用下金字塔点阵夹芯单元结构失效分析

为研究金字塔点阵夹芯结构在垂向冲击载荷作用下的动态力学性能,通过对其中一个单元结构在垂向压力作用下的受力和失效模式分析,同时考虑应变强化和应变率影响,建立了结构失效应力计算方法。为验证该计算方法,开展了落锤冲击试验,同时利用高速摄影机记录模型的响应过程,测量了模型垂向压缩的等效应力-应变关系。试验结果表明:结构失效模式与理论分析吻合,结构失效应力与理论计算相差不大。该研究结果可为金字塔点阵夹芯结构冲击吸能理论研究和数值仿真研究提供参考。     

Response of masonry systems against blast loading

In this paper eight successive experimental blast tests with an increasing TNT equivalent charge weights ranging from 0.56 kg to 17.78 kg were conducted on unreinforced, ferrocemented overlay masonry and confined masonry walls. The pressure-time history caused by the blast was recorded by pressure sensors installed on the test specimen. The resulting damage pattern was observed during each test. Weak zones in the three systems of masonry were identified. Scaled distances for different damage levels in the three masonry systems were experimentally obtained. The results provide a basis for determining the response of each masonry system against blast loading. Consequently, efficiency of ferrocemented overlay ma-sonry and confined masonry was found established in mitigation against blast loads.     

方孔蜂窝夹层板在爆炸载荷下的动态响应

通过有限元数值模拟方法,对方孔蜂窝夹层板在爆炸冲击载荷下的动态响应和变形机理进行了分析.在单位面积质量以及夹芯层的高度、宽度给定的情况下,得出了最优的夹芯层相对密度.在此相对密度下,夹层板吸收能量最多,下面板变形最小,夹层板的抗冲击性能最优.将单位面积质量相等的夹层板和实体板进行了对比分析,结果表明:夹层板具有更加优良...     

Numerical simulation of the blast wave of a multilayer composite charge

The numerical simulation of a blast wave of a multilayer composite charge is investigated. A calculation model of the near-field explosion and far-field propagation of the shock wave of a composite charge is established using the AUTODYN finite element program. Results of the near-field and far-field calculations of the shock wave respectively converge at cell sizes of 0.25–0.5 cm and 1–3 cm. The Euler––flux-corrected transport solver is found to be suitable for the far-field calculation after mapping. A numerical simulation is conducted to study the formation, propagation, and interaction of the shock wave of the composite charge for different initiation modes. It is found that the initiation mode obviously affects the shock-wave waveform and pressure distribution of the composite charge. Additionally, it is found that the area of the overpressure distribution is greatest for internal and external simultaneous initiation, and the peak pressure of the shock wave exponentially decays, fitting the calculation formula of the peak overpressure attenuation under different initiation modes, which is obtained and verified by experiment. The difference between numerical and experimental results is less than 10%, and the peak overpressure of both internal and external initiation is 56.12% higher than that of central single-point initiation.     

Responses of HFR-LWC beams under close-range blast loadings accompanying membrane action

The load-carrying capacities and failure patterns of reinforced concrete components can be significantly changed by membrane effects. However, limited work has been carried out to investigate the blast resistance of Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Lightweight Aggregate Concrete (HFR-LWC) members accompanying membrane action. This paper presents a theoretical approach to quantitatively depicting the membrane behavior and its contribution on the behavior of HFR-LWC beams under close-range blast loadings, and the suitability of the proposed model is validated by a series of field tests. An improved Single-Degree-of-Freedom (SDOF) model was employed to describe the dynamic responses of beam-like members under blast loadings accompanying membrane action, where the mass-load coefficient is determined according to the nonuniformly distributed load induced by close-range explosion, and the membrane action is characterized by an in-plane (longitudinal) force and a resisting moment. The elasto-plastic and recovery responses of HFR-LWC beams under the combined action of blast load and membrane force were analyzed by the promoted model. A specially built end-constrain clamp was developed to provide membrane action for the beam member when they are subjected to blast load simultaneously. It is demonstrated that the analytical displacement-time histories are in good agreement with experimental results before peak deflections and that the improved SDOF model is an acceptable tool for predicting the behavior of HFR-LWC beams under blast loadings accompanying membrane action.     

Damage analysis of POZD coated square reinforced concrete slab under contact blast

High efficiency, environmental protection and sustainability have become the main theme of the development of the protection engineering, requiring that the components not only meet the basic functions, but also have chemical properties such as acid and alkali corrosion resistance and aging resistance. Polyisocyanate-oxazodone (POZD) polymer has the above characteristics, it also has the advantages of strong toughness, high strength and high elongation. The concrete slab sprayed with POZD material has excellent anti-blast performance. In order to explore the damage characteristics of POZD sprayed concrete slabs under the action of contact explosion thoroughly, the contact explosion test of POZD concrete slabs with different charges were carried out. On the basis of experimental verification, numerical simulation were used to study the influence of the thickness of the POZD on the blast resistance of the concrete slab. According to the test and numerical simulation results that as the thickness of the coating increases, the anti-blast performance of the concrete slab gradually increases, and the TNT equivalent required for critical failure is larger. Based on the above analysis, empirical expressions on normalized crater diameter, the normalized spall diameter and normalized spall diameter are obtained.