重视兵役制度改革后出现的新情况和新问题

为适应形势的发展变化 ,近两年来 ,党、国家和军队出台了一系列法规 ,对兵役制度进行了重大改革。 1 998年 1 2月份 ,修订颁发了新的《兵役法》 ,对兵役制度作了重要调整 ,删掉了以前“义务兵役制为主体”的提法 ,将义务兵服现役期限一律缩短为两年 ,并取消了义务兵超期服役的规定。同时改革了士官服役方式 ,扩大了士官数量。 1 999年 6月份 ,实施了新的《现役士兵服役条例》 ,对士兵服役制度进行了完善 ,9月份经中央军委批准 ,四总部联合召开了士官制度改革工作会议 ,年底又进行了士官的选改和套改工作。这些改革 ,充分反映了国家、军队改…     

美国军事娱乐复合体的历史考察与价值分析

随着信息技术的不断发展,军事娱乐复合体在美军军队建设中作用凸显.美国军方与电影和游戏业经过了兴起、发展的阶段,发挥了重要的作用,促进了美军军事训练方式的改革,提升了军人素质,成为培训转型人才的新平台,丰富了美军心理战工具.同时,也产生了负面影响,影响了美军士兵对战争真实的认识,误导了士兵的战争伦理观念,诱发了美国社会的军国主义情绪.     

基于装备水平和知识的空中作战效果分析

分析了按作战效果进行空军武器装备需求分析的三种常用方法的特点,建立了一种全自动化解算模型,比较完整地讨论并描述了根据装备水平分析作战效果时需要考虑的关键因素,总结了需要使用的相关军事知识,并给出了表达方法,研究了推理机制.构建了各种战斗类型的效果评估模块,实现了软件系统并应用于一个重要课题研究,取得了比较理想的效果.     

时代的重托 历史的使命——新世纪新阶段我军历史使命理论研讨班情况综述

经胡主席和军委批准,总政委托国防大学于9月20日至27日,举办了新世纪新阶段我军历史使命理论研讨班。参加这期研讨班的同志普遍反映,时间短,收获大,进一步提高了认识,开阔了视野,明确了责任,增强了动力。研讨班达到了预期目的。     

国防科技和武器装备科研试验后勤建设的历史经验

伴随国防科技和武器装备科研试验事业的发展,总装后勤经历了不同时期的历史发展阶段.在半个世纪的奋斗历程中,总装部队在中国共产党三代领导集体和胡锦涛主席的亲切关怀下,在军内外各方的大力支持下,取得了"两弹一星"和载人航天飞行等举世瞩目的辉煌成就,极大地振奋了民族精神,扬了国威,壮了军威,增强了中国的国防实力,提高了中国的国际地位.     

创新驱动,打造高效快捷的精益物流管理新模式

信息化水平的提升,真正发挥了物流高效快捷配送作用,实现了对物流过程的有效控制,实现了按生产作业计划准时配送到生产一线,物资送料时间减少了30%,库存物资有了较大下降,达到了降本增效,实现精益物流的目的,为建成"百年军工,国际品质"的精益江麓打下了坚实的基础。     

拔罐巧止咳

张同学常常咳嗽,吃药也不见好转。为了治疗张同学的咳嗽,家人带张同学找到了李医生。李医生了解了张同学的病情后,建议她做拔罐治疗。拔罐治疗3天后,张同学的咳嗽有了好转,不仅痰咳出来了,而且肤色也缓和了。拔了七八次后,张同学的咳嗽就基本消失了。     

中华民族伟大觉醒与振兴的历史丰碑

抗日战争是战争史上的奇民族精神的集大成者。在中国共捍卫祖国的独立和民族的生存做观,中华民族的壮举,惊天动地的产党的推动下,国共两党首先在出了不可磨灭的贡献,充分表现伟业。战争教育了人民,人民赢得军事上实现合作,并肩作战,奠定了炎黄子孙炽热的爱国情怀。了战争。抗日战争的胜利,极大地了中华民族空前团结的军事基历史证明,抗日战争的胜利,提高了中华民族的自信心,增强础。“中国军队在民族公敌面前,是抗日民族统一战线的胜利,是了民族凝聚力,促进了中华民族互相忘记了旧怨,而变为互相援全民族团结御侮的伟大胜利,它的思想解放和理…     

模糊控制的现状与发展概述

模糊控制方法是智能控制的重要组成部分.简要回顾了模糊控制理论的发展,详细介绍了模糊控制理论的原理和模糊控制器的设计步骤,根据各种模糊控制器的不同特点,对模糊控制在航空航天领域中的应用进行了分类,并分析了各类模糊控制器的应用效能,最后分析了模糊控制理论的优缺点及需要完善或继续研究的内容,展望了模糊控制的发展趋势与动态.     

深刻理解十八大关于党的建设的新思想新要求新举措

党的十八大深刻阐明了新形势下加强和改进党的建设的极端重要性,进一步增强了全党推进伟大工程的责任感紧迫感；突出强调了“全面提高党的建设科学化水平”的重大要求,进一步指明了加强和改进党的建设的根本着眼点；充实完善了党的建设总体布局,进一步确立了提高党的建设科学化水平的战略思路；丰富发展了党的建设总体目标,进一步明确了提高党的建设科学化水平的正确方向；科学规范了党的建设的方针原则,进一步概括了提高党的建设科学化水平的基本遵循；全面部署了党的建设的重点任务,进一步推出了推进党的建设新的伟大工程的有力举措；精辟阐述了党的建设与改革创新的内在联系,进一步为党的建设注入了强大动力；集中阐述了军队党的建设的目的任务,进一步明确了军队党的建设的标准要求.     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

The UK,interrogation and Iraq, 2003–2008

The UK’s interrogation operations during the conflict in Iraq (2003–2008) are often portrayed by the media as involving significant amounts of mistreatment. This article demonstrates that these practices are not necessarily representative of the UK’s interrogation operations across this conflict. In doing so it contributes to the limited literature on the practice of interrogation and on the UK’s combat operations in Iraq. The UK’s interrogation capability, and therefore its intelligence-gathering capability, is shown to have rested primarily with the military’s Joint Forward Interrogation Team (JFIT). The JFIT suffered from limitations to the number, training and experience of its interrogators and interpreters. It is argued that maintaining a permanent, higher level of preparedness for interrogation by the British armed forces is desirable.     

Remembering and forgetting Mirambo: Histories of war in modern Africa

ABSTRACT

While the study of organised violence is considered essential to understanding the history of the West, and accordingly imbued with various layers of meaning and remembrance, war is widely regarded as inimical to the modern nation in Africa and stable development more broadly. Using examples drawn from primarily from East Africa, this paper considers the ways in which warfare in the deeper (‘precolonial’) past has been framed and envisioned in recent decades, in particular by governments whose own roots lie in revolutionary armed struggle and who began life as guerrilla movements. While in some cases particular elements of the deeper past were indeed mobilised in pursuit of contemporary political goals, in many other scenarios histories of precolonial violence were beheld as problematic and unworthy of remembrance. This paper highlights the paradox and ambiguity which has attended the memory of key aspects of Africa’s deeper past.     

SIM—LISP:一个通信网络管理专家系统外壳的设计与实现

本文介绍了笔者为开发名为OONMES的网络管理专家系统所实现的一个简单专家系统工具SIM-LISP。SIM-LISP是一个用C/C++语言来实现的模拟LISP语言的可调用函数集,它短小精巧,速度快,可以完成针对网管专家系统的事实或规则知识的表示、匹配、合一和推理等基本操作,并有与知识对象的连接功能,是网管专家系统内核实现的支撑环境。     

Al Qaida on the US invasion of Afghanistan in their own words

This article consists of selected translations from captured interviews and dairies of Al Qaida members. The time period covered is from mid-2001 to early 2002 and concerns their operations in Afghanistan. The material clearly conveys a range of emotion, from confident to despondent, as well as efforts to contest the US actions. The first several pages give the reader context and some possible “lessons learned,” but the story(ies) are best told by the Al Qaida members themselves. All names are pseudonyms.     

Does Intent equal Capability? Al-Qaeda and Weapons of Mass Destruction

The prospect of terrorists deploying weapons of mass destruction (WMD) is often referred to as the foremost danger to American national security. This danger has become more realistic because of al-Qaeda's expanding global network and the expressed willingness to kill thousands of civilians. In the past four years, numerous media reports have documented the group's ongoing quest for WMD capabilities; many reports have detailed al-Qaeda members’ attempts to manufacture or obtain certain chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) agents to use in WMD against targets in the West and the Middle East. Yet the question remains: Does al-Qaeda's current WMD capability match its actual intent? While most studies of the group have focused on its explicit desire for WMD, allegations of CBRN acquisition, and the killing potential of specific CBRN agents, few open-source studies have closely examined the evolution of al-Qaeda's consideration of WMD and, most notably, the merit of actual CBRN production instructions as depicted and disseminated in the group's own literature and manuals. The following report will examine the history of al-Qaeda's interest in CBRN agents, the evolution of the network's attitude toward these weapons, and the internal debate within the organization concerning acquisition and use of WMD. More so, the following research will assess the validity of actual CBRN production instructions and capabilities as displayed and disseminated in al-Qaeda's own literature and websites.     

Late Medieval Lance Use: Mounted Combat and Martial Arts in Western Europe from the 14th to the 16th Century

Despite the lance’s status and the amount of attention the couched lance has received in historiography, study of its martial art has been neglected. The various lance types and techniques used by western European cavalry have only recently begun to receive scholarly attention. Additionally, Medieval European lance use has too often been studied in isolation, without an adequate understanding of the idiosyncratic and asymmetrical dynamics of mounted combat. Although the charge with the couched lance was a valid tactic, it was only one of many. Light and heavy lances were used in one hand or two to trip, block, unhorse, and wrestle. These techniques were governed by the harsh laws of distance, speed, impact, iron, and asymmetry. By utilizing the surviving Fechtbücher and several Peninsular and Near Eastern sources, a brief foray into the diverse techniques of lance use and their purposes has been attempted here.     

A model for geographically distributed combat interactions of swarming naval and air forces

This article describes the Distributed Interaction Campaign Model (DICM), an exploratory campaign analysis tool and asset allocation decision‐aid for managing geographically distributed and swarming naval and air forces. The model is capable of fast operation, while accounting for uncertainty in an opponent's plan. It is intended for use by commanders and analysts who have limited time for model runs, or a finite budget. The model is purpose‐built for the Pentagon's Office of Net Assessment, and supports analysis of the following questions: What happens when swarms of geographically distributed naval and air forces engage each other and what are the key elements of the opponents’ force to attack? Are there changes to force structure that make a force more effective, and what impacts will disruptions in enemy command and control and wide‐area surveillance have? Which insights are to be gained by fast exploratory mathematical/computational campaign analysis to augment and replace expensive and time‐consuming simulations? An illustrative example of model use is described in a simple test scenario. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 562–576, 2016     

Thomas Firth and Sons – Steelmakers to the Arms Industries. Part 2: Heavy Armaments

Firth’s were the first of the Sheffield steel makers to enter the field armaments. Their involvement with Colt has been outlined in an article in the journal of the Colt Collectors Association in America and their activities as steelmakers to the small-arms industries has been covered in a previous issue of this Journal. This article gives a brief overview of their involvement as manufacturers in the field of heavy armaments, being the first to make all-steel guns and their evolving role in the use of steel for ordnance, culminating in the displacement of wrought iron by the adoption of steel for ordnance manufacture by the Royal Gun Factory in the 1880s. It also highlights their development of stainless steel in this context.