声表面波对基片表面黏弹薄膜的响应特性分析

理论分析了声表面波(SAW)对沉积在压电基片表面的黏弹薄膜的响应特性,建立了分析SAW传播特性的数值仿真模型。采用有限元数值模拟方法研究了SAW对黏弹薄膜质量负载和黏弹性的定量响应规律,发现SAW信号的振幅衰减和中心频率相对变化率可随黏弹薄膜质量负载和黏弹性的改变而发生敏感且单调的变化。     

助溶剂对M15甲醇汽油胶质生成的影响

考察了多种类型甲醇汽油助溶剂对M15甲醇汽油胶质生成的影响。结果表明,初始状态下在M15甲醇汽油中加入醇类助溶剂对未淋洗胶质和溶剂洗胶质含量无明显影响,而加入分子量较大的助溶剂吐温和司盘时胶质含量急剧增加。在储存期内,空白M15甲醇汽油和各加剂M15甲醇汽油的未淋洗胶质以及溶剂洗胶质含量均随储存时间的延长而增大;从线性拟合直线的斜率可以看出,醇类助溶剂在储存期内会加速甲醇汽油中胶质的生成;各加剂M15甲醇汽油的胶质生成速率与醇类助溶剂分子量的大小有关,且红外光谱结果与胶质试验结论一致。     

声表面波技术在检测有机膦毒剂中的应用研究

声表面波(SAW)传感器技术是检测毒剂的一种新方法,它具有体积小、灵敏度高、便于携带、易集成化等特点而受到人们的重视。自1979年Wohltjen和Dessy首次提出了将声表面波(SAW)技术用作气体传感器的论文后,各国的科研人员对以SAW技术检测毒剂进行了大量基础和应用方面的研究工作。     

介电谱方法快速测定汽油中芳烃、烯烃含量的研究

根据汽油的电性质与其组成之间存在的相关关系特性,测定了汽油中的烯烃、芳烃含量,用全交互验证法对30个不同油库、加油站汽油样品中的烯烃、芳烃含量进行了预测。研究结果表明,介电谱方法测试汽油中的烯烃、芳烃含量方法可靠,预测结果能够满足国家标准对烯烃、芳烃含量分析的误差要求。该方法具有快速、简便的特点,适用于在现场快速检测汽油中烯烃、芳烃含量的需要。     

SAW-SXFA化学传感器的LB镀膜方法研究

选择了六氟-2-羟基异丙基聚硅氧烷（SXFA）作为声表面波（SAW）化学传感器的敏感膜材料,采用Langmuir—Blodgett膜技术进行镀膜,得到超薄且厚度均匀的多层膜,并且研究了不同膜厚的传感器对甲基膦酸二甲酯（DMMP）的响应情况。     

近红外光谱技术快速测定汽油中芳烃、稀烃含量

对近红外光谱法预测汽油中的稀烃、芳烃含量进行了研究,用全交互验证法对36个不同油库、加油站汽油样品中的稀烃、芳烃含量进行了预测。研究结果表明,近红外光谱法预测汽油中的稀烃、芳烃含量方法可靠,预测结果能够满足国家标准对稀烃、芳烃含量分析的误差要求。     

轻柴油的氧化及其与组成的关系

考察了按照不饱和烃含量不同而芳香烃含量近似、芳香烃含量不同而不饱和烃含量近似的要求配制的3个系列27个0号轻柴油油样在95℃强化氧化条件下实际胶质质量浓度的变化规律。探讨了实际胶质的变化与不饱和烃和芳香烃含量之间的关系。结果表明:在95℃强化氧化条件下,0号轻柴油的实际胶质随氧化时间呈直线变化;0号轻柴油中不饱和烃是引起实际胶质变化的主要因素,在其他组成相近时,实际胶质变化率随不饱和烃含量增加呈二次曲线关系增大;0号轻柴油中的芳香烃对实际胶质变化有一定的影响,但是规律尚不明确。     

舰载传感器测量误差链分析

详细分析并推导了舰载传感器测量误差传播和演化模型.给出了舰载传感器测量依托的几个基准坐标系,对测量过程中的误差定义和原因进行了简要分析;给出了目标测量跟踪误差演化的坐标转换过程模型,并根据误差的特点,基于一阶泰勒展式给出了误差链线性化近似解析表达式;结合一种典型应用场景,采用误差传播的灵敏度分析方法,对舰载传感器几类主要测量误差的传播进行量化分析.     

单[6-脱氧（1，10-癸二硫醇）巯基]β-环糊精的合成与应用

以β-环糊精、对甲基苯磺酰氯、1,10-癸二硫醇为原料,合成了具有巯基官能团的超分子气敏膜材料。分别采用质谱,13C—NMR对该化合物表征。结合声表面波（SAW）传感器检测DMMP,证实该化合物对有机磷类化合物具有可逆吸附能力。     

电化学微传感器

阐明了电化学微传感器的特性,对化学电阻微传感器和电势计微传感器这两类电化学传感器分别进行了论证;分析了离子敏场效应晶体管化学传感器和功函数电势计传感器的机理和特性,指出了电化学微传感器应用方向.阐述了利用有机半导体的光刻工艺及其可调谐选择性生产电势计气体传感器的方法,为电势计气体传感器的广阔应用提供了保证.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

The UK,interrogation and Iraq, 2003–2008

The UK’s interrogation operations during the conflict in Iraq (2003–2008) are often portrayed by the media as involving significant amounts of mistreatment. This article demonstrates that these practices are not necessarily representative of the UK’s interrogation operations across this conflict. In doing so it contributes to the limited literature on the practice of interrogation and on the UK’s combat operations in Iraq. The UK’s interrogation capability, and therefore its intelligence-gathering capability, is shown to have rested primarily with the military’s Joint Forward Interrogation Team (JFIT). The JFIT suffered from limitations to the number, training and experience of its interrogators and interpreters. It is argued that maintaining a permanent, higher level of preparedness for interrogation by the British armed forces is desirable.     

Remembering and forgetting Mirambo: Histories of war in modern Africa

ABSTRACT

While the study of organised violence is considered essential to understanding the history of the West, and accordingly imbued with various layers of meaning and remembrance, war is widely regarded as inimical to the modern nation in Africa and stable development more broadly. Using examples drawn from primarily from East Africa, this paper considers the ways in which warfare in the deeper (‘precolonial’) past has been framed and envisioned in recent decades, in particular by governments whose own roots lie in revolutionary armed struggle and who began life as guerrilla movements. While in some cases particular elements of the deeper past were indeed mobilised in pursuit of contemporary political goals, in many other scenarios histories of precolonial violence were beheld as problematic and unworthy of remembrance. This paper highlights the paradox and ambiguity which has attended the memory of key aspects of Africa’s deeper past.