PMESI：一种优化进程私有数据访问的缓存一致性协议

并行应用程序中绝大部分的访存是对私有数据的访问,在cache一致性协议上不会产生冲突。传统一致性协议没有根据程序私有数据的访问模式进行针对性设计,存在着很大的优化空间。针对以上的问题,提出了一种支持私有状态的cache一致性协议PMESI,通过动态关闭和激活内存空间的cache一致性目录,优化私有内存空间的访问延迟和功耗。通过时钟精确模拟器的测试,PMESI协议优化了程序中54%的访存,并行程序的执行时间平均缩短了9%。     

低功耗微处理器中异步流水线设计

随着工艺的不断进步及芯片上资源的不断增加,微处理器设计遇到了一系列问题:为芯片提供一个全局时钟网络越来越困难,时钟扭曲等问题越来越突出,芯片的功耗问题越来越严重.上述这些因素促使人们将注意力逐渐转向异步电路设计.在设计异步微处理器过程中,异步流水线的设计是一个非常重要的问题.首先总结了微处理器设计中出现的各种流水线结构,并给出了相应的异步实现;然后提出了一种异步流水线设计流程,用于加速异步流水线的设计;最后利用提出的流程设计实现了几种异步功能单元,实验结果表明异步电路能够有效降低电路的功耗.     

ADTA-1：一种嵌入式异构双核微处理器

针对多核日益严重的功耗问题,利用异步技术在低功耗方面的优势,结合数据触发结构设计并实现了一种嵌入式异构双核微处理器(ADTA-1).该设计将异步设计应用于嵌入式多核微处理器中,并在芯片中对异步微处理器进行了测试,验证了异步电路在多核微处理器中的有效性和低功耗特性,为进一步设计和实现低功耗异步多核微处理器进行了有益的探索.     

微处理器硬件木马及其检测挑战

微处理器是控制系统运行的核心芯片,受到了硬件木马的严重威胁。针对典型微处理器硬件木马进行了分析,根据微处理器的组成结构及其硬件木马的激活方式进行了分类,对现有旁路检测技术进行了系统总结,分析了微处理器硬件木马对旁路检测所提出的挑战,从指令模板分析、电磁与功耗联合分析、差分旁路信号采集等方面进行了应对展望。     

微处理器容软错误设计量化评估指标及评估方法

针对高可靠微处理器软容错设计,提出了一种新的可靠性度量标准,增强的平均无失效工作量,以解决现有度量标准没有综合考虑性能、面积、功耗开销带来的可靠性降低的缺点;提出了一种评估方法对增强的平均无失效工作量以及两种控制流检测技术进行定量评估。评估结果表明,软硬件结合的控制流检测技术较好地折中了可靠性、性能、面积和功耗。量化评估指标全面考虑了多种开销对微处理器可靠性的影响,采用相应的评估方法可以更加准确地对微处理器可靠性加固手段进行定量评估,以指导设计探索和设计优化。     

流体系结构技术发展探讨

以流计算模型为基础的流体系结构,是面向未来的单片上集成超10亿只晶体管和上千ALU时代的新型体系结构,正成为微处理器体系结构研究关注的前沿焦点之一.首先分析流计算的背景;总结现有的具有代表性的流体系结构,并对它们的结构、执行模式、并行性、片上存储使用方式和应用目标等方面进行了比较;然后归纳流程序设计及其环境,讨论当前流编译研究的热点方向;最后探讨流处理器设计的发展趋势.     

MGR-SAT:一种基于流模板的多粒度可重构数字信号处理器

面对需求各异的数字信号处理应用,当前主流的通用处理器、DSP、ASIC和FPGA不能同时满足各应用在成本、功耗、性能、灵活性方面的要求.针对这些问题,结合流处理技术、可重构技术和平台技术,提出一种基于流模板的多粒度可重构数字信号处理器MGR-SAT.MGR-SAT利用流处理技术来解耦合数据运算与访存,提供多种粒度的大规...     

CDP—1802微处理器软件开发程序

CDP—1802是一种微功耗,I/O 功能较强的8位 CMOS 微处理器,国外广泛用于各种电子仪表及通信设备中,近年国内也有应用。但其程序分析和修改缺乏相应的开发设备,国外虽有,不但价格昂贵,而且很难买到。本文介绍的 CDP—1802微处理器软件开发程序,可完成 CDP—1802指令系统的反汇编,打印汇编程序注释文本,自动完成机器码的打印、搬移、检索、修改等功能,大大方便了程序设计人员的程序分析,设计和调试,可数十倍地提高工作效率,并减少差错。     

突风扰动下的扑翼气动功耗和效率变化

针对突风对扑翼飞行器气动性能的影响,开展了前向、侧向和竖直方向突风中扑翼的气动功耗和效率变化研究。首先基于简化的生物翅几何和运动模型,构建了不同方向、强度的突风模型。之后采用计算流体力学方法获得了突风方向及强度对扑翼气动力、功耗及效率的影响。最终结果表明,在所研究的突风强度范围内,前向突风引起的扑翼瞬时气动功耗增幅可达33%,但突风对扑翼平均气动功耗和效率的影响不大;从翼根到翼尖的侧向突风相比反方向的侧向突风所引起的气动功耗增加和气动效率降低更加明显;向下的突风尽管能够降低扑翼的气动功耗,但也同时降低了扑翼的气动效率。此外,突风对扑翼平均气动功耗的影响可以用与突风方向相同、大小等于突风平均速度的定常来流进行模拟,它们对扑翼平均气动功耗的影响是相近的。     

一种用于舰船电力网络绝缘监测的弱电流传感器的设计

结合舰船电力网络绝缘监测装置进行支路电阻测量与故障支路判断时的需要 ,设计了采集漏电流信号的大口径弱电流传感器 ,并给出了试验数据 .设计出的传感器已用于实际装置 ,试验运行状况良好     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

Country survey XVI the defence sector in the economy of a declining superpower: Soviet Union and Russia, 1965-2001

The Soviet Union was able to develop a large military-industrial complex and become the world's second superpower despite deficiencies in its centrally planned economy because defence was given high priority status and special planning, rationing and administrative mechanisms were used to attain national security objectives. However, in the period 1976-85 the effectiveness of priority protection diminished and defence institutions experienced more of the problems typical of the shortage economic system. The heavy defence burden also created growing difficulties for the civilian economy. The attempts by the Gorbachev government to reform the defence sector and improve defence-economic relationships during perestroika (1985-91) uniformly failed. For most of the transition period, the Russian military-industrial complex has been adversely affected by its low priority status, cuts in defence spending, instability of the hybrid politico-economic system, and negative growth of the economy. The armed forces and defence industry have been reduced in size and their outputs of military services and equipment have fallen to low levels. Nevertheless, the Russian armed forces still have over one million troops, significant stocks of sophisticated conventional weapons, and a large nuclear arsenal. The government of President Putin has raised the priority of the defence sector, increased real defence spending, and adopted ambitious plans to revive Russian military power. It is likely, though, that tight resource constraints will hamper efforts to reform the armed forces and to upgrade weapons. By 2010 Russia will be an important, but not dominant, military power in Eurasia.     

Traffickers,terrorists, and a ‘new security challenge’: Russian counternarcotics strategy and the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade

The collapse of the Soviet Union precipitated the massive expansion of drug use and trade in Russia. The country now has one of the largest populations of injecting drug users in the world and has become the largest single-country market for Afghan heroin. In 2003 the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade was created to coordinate a comprehensive counternarcotics strategy appropriate to the scale of this threat. The service continues to face a number of challenges in its early stages of development. However, it has made considerable advances in improving responses to large-scale organised crime and in building international cooperation.