美国陆军作战试验部队管理体系研究

作战试验部队是试验鉴定力量体系的重要支撑，是完成装备作战试验的直接载体。美国在装备试验与鉴定方面走在世界前列，建立了一整套行之有效的管理体制，陆军实行试验与鉴定的一体化管理，具有独立的作战试验鉴定部门，没有编设专业化的作战试验部队，试验任务主要根据装备的特性选取未来典型用户的作战部队在真实对抗环境中完成。作战试验部队主要参加作战评估、初始作战试验与评价以及后续作战试验与评价三个阶段的作战试验，在一体化试验小组的协调下，依托靶场完成试验训练任务。本文主要通过对美国陆军试验部队的研究，分析了美国陆军作战试验与鉴定发展概况，重点研究了作战试验部队管理体系，并从整个试验与鉴定系统归纳总结作战试验部队管理及相关工作的主要做法。     

陆军战术部队用天体系能力研究

以未来信息化战场联合作战为背景,强调天基资源在陆军战术部队作战体系中的重要地位,深入分析美国陆军天基资源运用现状和能力形成途径,从陆军装备转型建设实际需求出发,研究陆军用天(基)体系架构,阐述体系能力特征。     

基于ANP对装备网络体系中作战环节点效能评估

针对装备作战体系的网络结构特点,将作战体系网络分解成作战能力环。分析了作战环要素组成及要素间关系特点,提出将作战环转化成对应网络层次结构;将作战环中中心作战目标和作战环节元素分别设为对应顶层及二级指标层,作战环节装备对应具体战绩指标设为三级战技指标层;集成ANP(网络分析法)与能力需求度评判对作战环节点及作战边进行评估,为装备体系网络拓扑结构研究提供支持。最后,通过实例证明评估方法合理可行。     

美国陆军的火力打击装备体系

美国陆军为了确立和巩固在未来一体化联合作战中的地位，正在从当前部队向未来部队转型。目前，随着一些现有装备升级改造工作的完成，以及未来战斗系统中一批新型装备的初始列装，美国陆军将拥有一个结构较为完善、远中近程相结合的空地一体火力打击装备体系，并呈现出武器系统信息化程度更高、火力平台机动部署能力更强、制导弹药种类更全等特点。     

一体化智能柔性仿真评估技术研究

针对一体化作战下的装备体系化对抗仿真数据采集、处理和作战能力评估方面的不足,分析了面向装备体系对抗仿真的智能化评估需求,探讨了智能化柔性仿真评估与自动优化技术的研究内容和技术途径,支持提高仿真评估的能力和效率,可以为武器装备体系结构优化、配系部署、重大装备战技指标论证和一体化联合作战分析等提供技术支撑。     

网络信息体系能力框架与评估方法研究

网络信息体系是信息化作战体系的基本形态。将网络信息体系能力需求融入军事需求大体系中,研究能力需求描述与开发方法,设计网络信息体系能力指标体系,提出网络信息体系能力评价指标和能力评估方法,为基于网络信息体系的联合作战能力生成提供理论支撑。     

围绕提高基于信息系统体系作战能力加强和改进军事训练

现代战争是信息化条件下诸军兵种联合作战,部队军事训练必须围绕提高三军基于信息系统体系作战能力,按照推开三军单装终端标准化训练、深化三军作战要素集成训练、强化三军作战单元合成训练,推进三军联演联训的思路组织实施。(一)推开三军单装终端标准化训练。与建设信息化军队、打赢信息化战争战略方针相适应,三军武器装备逐步改善,高新技术装备陆续列装部队。应深入研究     

信息化条件下海军装备体系“一体化”发展探析

在信息技术推动下,世界范围内出现了前所未有的新军事变革。各军事大国为了赢得未来信息化战争,纷纷提出了在作战空间取得“制信息权”、实施“联合作战”、“精确打击战”和“体系对抗”等一系列新的作战概念或需求。为此,各国开展了一系列不同层次的作战系统“综合集成”或“一体化”研究,以形成对武器装备和技术发展的要求,并制定相应的开发规划和实施时间表。推进装备体系“一体化”建设,业已成为各种类型军队向适应未来信息化战争需要而转型的关键之一。为满足未来信息化条件下一体化联合作战的需要,装备体系“一体化”建设势在必行。     

科研试验部队任务训练体系构建

本文从科研试验部队训练体系的基本组成及其特点入手,研究科研试验部队训练较之全军部队作战训练的异同及其特殊规律,分析试验任务训练在科研试验部队训练体系中的发展定位及其作用,以及现行试训模式面临的主要矛盾和问题,在此基础上提出基于任务、科研、培训"三线一体化"的试验任务训练体系。     

基于ANP的联合作战中数字化装甲团装备保障能力评估

数字化装甲团装备保障能力是数字化装甲团作战能力的重要组成部分.首先分析了联合作战数字化装甲团装备保障的特点;在此基础上,构建了数字化装甲团装备保障能力评估指标体系,运用网络层次分析法(ANP)建立了评估模型,实例验证了数字化装甲团整合式保障力量模型和配送式保障力量模型的高效性和可行性.     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Cyberpower in Strategic Affairs: Neither Unthinkable nor Blessed

Abstract

This article explores the effect of connectivity on strategic affairs. It argues that the effect on war's character is potentially, although not yet shown in practice, considerably large. Its effect upon the distribution of power among states in the international system is small, contrary to the claims of ‘cyberwar’ alarmists. All told, however, its effect upon strategic affairs is complex. On the one hand, it represents a significant advance in the ‘complexification’ of state strategies, understood in the sense of the production of intended effects. On the other hand, strategists today – still predominantly concerned with the conflicts and confrontations of states and organised military power – are generally missing the power which non-traditional strategic actors, better adapted to the network flows of the information age, are beginning to deploy. These new forms of organization and coercion will challenge the status quo.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.