一种基于循环谱的数字信号调制识别方法

文章基于循环平稳信号处理理论,利用数字通信信号的循环谱特征的不同提出四个特征参数,用于信号调制识别。提取的参数较少,计算量较高阶循环累积量小。给出了三类信号调制方式自动识别算法的实现流程,该识别算法以统计理论为基础,不要求实现载波同步。仿真结果表明,在信噪比RSN≥5 dB时,算法的平均识别成功率>96%。     

卫星单-混信号识别研究

针对卫星通信中常用的调制信号和成对载波多址(PCMA)混叠信号的调制样式识别问题,提出了一种基于高阶累积量和信号瞬时特征统计量的识别算法。该算法对接收数据进行预处理,在此基础上提取高阶累积量和信号瞬时特征统计量构造4个特征参数,构造树形分类器进行调制识别。算法具有不需要知晓信号的定时等先验信息,对混合幅度比不敏感等特点。仿真结果表明,该算法在低信噪比下仍然能保持较高的识别性能。     

CFO条件下的OFDM子载波调制样式识别方法

提出了一种基于信号幅度分布特征与多次方谱线特征相结合的调制样式识别算法。该算法主要基于正交解调后的正交频分复用子载波信号的幅度分布特征,采用直方图统计的方法实现多进制相移键控和多进制正交幅度调制识别,用多方次谱特征实现多进制相移键控类的调制识别。相比基于经典的高阶累积量的调制识别算法,具有更好的载波频率残留偏差适应能力,在载波频率偏差条件下,提高了调制识别率;相比循环平稳方法,具有更好的信噪比适应能力。仿真实验结果表明了该方法的有效性,相同的识别率下能适应更低的信噪比。     

调相信号自动识别的高阶累积量方法

在信号调制类型识别中,在相干、同步条件下实现调制识别是一类比较典型的研究方法,假设已经实现精确的载波同步并已知精确的定时同步信息.先在相干、同步条件下,利用高阶累积量来进行MPSK信号调制类型识别,然后对频率误差和位定时误差对识别算法带来的影响进行了研究.结果表明算法对一定的频差和定时误差具有鲁棒性.     

OFDM雷达信号子载波调制方式识别方法

针对多径信道下传统方法识别OFDM雷达信号子载波调制方式存在识别正确率较低,识别子载波调制方式不完备,判决门限不易确定等问题,提出一种新颖的OFDM雷达信号子载波调制方式识别方法。利用OFDM雷达信号的瞬时幅度绝对值标准偏差,实现子载波多进制正交振幅调制（MQAM）和多进制相位调制（MPSK）的类间识别,利用组合高阶累积量作为识别特征量,对MQAM和MPSK两类调制方式中的子类间进行分类识别,利用递归降价的方法实现子载波调制阶数M>16的MQAM调制方式的识别。仿真实验结果表明,该方法能够有效实现多径信道下OFDM雷达信号多种子载波调制方式的识别,且识别性能更优,可以识别更完备的子载波调制方式类型。     

一种基于压缩感知的OFDM调制识别方法

卫星通信信号频带宽、传输数据量大的特性,为解决其处理困难的问题,提出一种基于压缩感知的OFDM信号调制识别方法,对OFDM信号进行稀疏变换后,在非重构的条件下直接对欠采样测量值进行处理,根据OFDM信号在高阶累积量上的性质进行调制识别。推算了几种单载频调制信号的欠采样后的高阶累积量理论值;分析了OFDM信号的渐进高斯性,通过这一性质可以将OFDM信号与其他单载频调制信号区分,做到OFDM信号的调制识别;仿真实验结果表明,该方法可以在欠采样的情况下以较高概率完成对OFDM信号进行调制识别,并且有较好的抗噪性。     

基于循环累积量的QAM信号载波相位估计算法

利用通信信号的循环平稳特性,在循环累积量域内提出了一种基于高阶循环累积量的载波相位估计算法,该算法通过提取观测样本的循环累积量特征并对其进行归一化,有效消除了信号能量、时延和成形脉冲参数对算法性能的影响。理论分析和仿真结果均证明了算法的正确性和有效性。     

采用非对角1-D切片的码片速率盲估计北大核心

在通信侦察识别中,通信信号的码元速率估计是调制识别和信息解调的前提和基础。针对直接序列扩频信号的伪码码片速率估计问题,提出了一种利用联合循环高阶累积量非对角1-D切片特征参数,对直扩信号码片速率进行盲估计的改进算法。该算法将采样信号不同延时的非对角1-D切片进行联合处理,通过自相关、快速傅里叶变换、求模平方等方法,增强了谱线特征。仿真实验证明,改进算法较2-D切片算法简化了计算,并且在更低信噪比条件下,实现了对无先验信息直接序列扩频信号的码片速率盲估计。     

采用非对角1-D切片的码片速率盲估计

在通信侦察识别中,通信信号的码元速率估计是调制识别和信息解调的前提和基础。针对直接序列扩频信号的伪码码片速率估计问题,提出了一种利用联合循环高阶累积量非对角1-D切片特征参数,对直扩信号码片速率进行盲估计的改进算法。该算法将采样信号不同延时的非对角1-D切片进行联合处理,通过自相关、快速傅里叶变换、求模平方等方法,增强了谱线特征。仿真实验证明,改进算法较2-D切片算法简化了计算,并且在更低信噪比条件下,实现了对无先验信息直接序列扩频信号的码片速率盲估计。     

基于高阶累积量与神经网络的干扰识别算法

研究了一种基于高阶累积量和神经网络的干扰识别算法。该方法把卫星通信中常见的各种干扰信号的归一化高阶累积量作为分类特征参数,应用神经网络对特征参数进行分类训练,将接收干扰信号的归一化高阶累积量输入已训练的神经网络进行干扰类型的识别。试验结果表明:该算法在低干信比的情况下具有较高的识别准确率。     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

Country survey XVI the defence sector in the economy of a declining superpower: Soviet Union and Russia, 1965-2001

The Soviet Union was able to develop a large military-industrial complex and become the world's second superpower despite deficiencies in its centrally planned economy because defence was given high priority status and special planning, rationing and administrative mechanisms were used to attain national security objectives. However, in the period 1976-85 the effectiveness of priority protection diminished and defence institutions experienced more of the problems typical of the shortage economic system. The heavy defence burden also created growing difficulties for the civilian economy. The attempts by the Gorbachev government to reform the defence sector and improve defence-economic relationships during perestroika (1985-91) uniformly failed. For most of the transition period, the Russian military-industrial complex has been adversely affected by its low priority status, cuts in defence spending, instability of the hybrid politico-economic system, and negative growth of the economy. The armed forces and defence industry have been reduced in size and their outputs of military services and equipment have fallen to low levels. Nevertheless, the Russian armed forces still have over one million troops, significant stocks of sophisticated conventional weapons, and a large nuclear arsenal. The government of President Putin has raised the priority of the defence sector, increased real defence spending, and adopted ambitious plans to revive Russian military power. It is likely, though, that tight resource constraints will hamper efforts to reform the armed forces and to upgrade weapons. By 2010 Russia will be an important, but not dominant, military power in Eurasia.     

Traffickers,terrorists, and a ‘new security challenge’: Russian counternarcotics strategy and the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade

The collapse of the Soviet Union precipitated the massive expansion of drug use and trade in Russia. The country now has one of the largest populations of injecting drug users in the world and has become the largest single-country market for Afghan heroin. In 2003 the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade was created to coordinate a comprehensive counternarcotics strategy appropriate to the scale of this threat. The service continues to face a number of challenges in its early stages of development. However, it has made considerable advances in improving responses to large-scale organised crime and in building international cooperation.