中碳钢碳化物相位的应变诱发快速球化

中碳钢中的片状共析碳化物,可在A_(c1)点之下较高的温度进行适量的变形即可在形变过程中实现球化;停止变形后继续在变形温度停留1～2小时,可使碳化物球通过奥斯瓦尔德熟化达到尺寸均匀化和粗化,同时使铁素体基体完成再结晶。     

SFPB处理的38CrSi钢表面纳米化层微观结构特征

采用超音速轰击技术（Supersonic Fine Particles Bombarding，SFPB）对调质态合金钢38CrSi进行表面纳米化处理，在材料表面制备了纳米结构表层；利用X射线衍射、扫描电镜和透射电镜等分析技术研究了表面纳米层的微观结构特征。结果表明：经SFPB处理后，材料表层发生了严重的塑性变形，表面形成了晶粒尺寸约为15nm的纳米结构层，微观应变约为0．19％；表面纳米层的厚度约为20μm（晶粒尺寸〈100nm），纳米晶粒的尺寸随着距表面距离的增加而增大；在距表面40μm的范围内，高密度的位错墙和位错缠结将晶粒分为了尺寸为200～400nm的胞块结构，分析表明表面纳米化主要是位错运动的结果。     

14MnNbq钢强韧化机理研究

通过对14MnNbq钢板进行模拟控轧控冷试验,利用光学显微镜、透射电子显微镜、力学性能试验等检测分析技术和手段,对试验结果进行了分析和研究,证明该钢具有较好的强韧化综合性能,满足了大型桥梁用钢的技术条件要求,并指出了14MnNbq钢的主要强韧化机制。     

HDR双相不锈钢管轴向与径向组织差异性对耐蚀性影响

为研究HDR双相不锈钢轴向和径向组织差异性对耐蚀性的影响，基于HDR双相不锈钢管材同时具有铁素体相和奥氏体相的特点，利用金相观察和能谱分析技术，研究了模拟海水浸泡和电化学试验后轴向和径向试样组织耐蚀性差异。研究发现：轴向组织晶粒大于径向组织晶粒、夹杂物均在铁素体相及其边界处，轴向组织比径向组织先发生腐蚀，径向组织耐蚀性比轴向好；轴向自腐蚀电位、钝化膜击破电位均小于径向，且轴向蚀坑深度大于径向；轴向严重腐蚀区域生成两层富Cl贫Cr腐蚀产物膜，且外层腐蚀产物膜氧含量比内层膜高。     

火场中A3钢的晶粒度与燃烧时间和温度关系的研究

本文模拟典型火灾温度－时间曲线,对热轧成的Ａ３钢进行受热处理,测定在不同燃烧时间和温度下Ａ３钢的晶粒度,给出了Ａ３钢的晶粒度与燃烧时问和温度之间的定量关系,提出了通过测定Ａ３钢晶粒度的大小来鉴定火场中不同部位的燃烧时间和温度的科学方法     

层流冷却过程中基于自由能理论的相变本构方程的组织预报与分析

基于自由能理论的统一的相变本构方程可用来预测连续冷却过程中钢材的微观结构和转变体积分数。将该方程镶嵌在商业有限元软件MARC中,对DIN SAE 5140钢在层流冷却过程中的相变过程进行了分析。分析结果与试验数据相吻合。这表明该统一的相变本构方程为预测连续冷却过程中的材料的相变过程提供了一种新的有效方法。     

坦克履带板材料的现状和探讨

论述了现用坦克履带板的使用情况和主要失效形式,通过分析ZGMn13的加工硬化特点,提出了降低奥氏体的稳定性,在使用中实现应变诱发马氏体相变的强化机制,并完成了实验室条件下的成分设计和优化.     

22SiMn2TiB装甲钢异种焊接接头超声波探伤探头设计

用常规探头对22SiMn2TiB装甲钢与TWE312异种钢焊接接头进行缺陷检测,杂波和伪缺陷波导致灵敏度、信噪比不高。用扫描电镜观察到这种异种钢焊接接头主要为奥氏体+铁素体组织,其中奥氏体是主体组织。根据焊缝的组织特点,设计出了2.5P13×13K1.5型专用探头。在预制缺陷的焊接接头上进行了验证试验,结果表明2.5P13×13K1.5探头对接头内部的缺陷具有较高的检出率。     

细晶钢的摩擦学性能初探

细晶钢作为新一代的钢铁材料,通过细化晶粒提高强度,改善其摩擦学性能。经试验对比细晶钢和45#钢在不同添加剂、不同负荷条件下的摩擦磨损情况,结果表明细晶钢在特定添加剂的高负荷条件下,其摩擦学性能优于45#钢。     

一步法制备石蜡微胶囊的中试研究及性能表征

采用一步法在100L反应釜内进行石蜡微胶囊制备的中试，表征了石蜡微胶囊的微胶囊化率、粒径和热性能，探讨了中试工艺对产品性能的影响。结果表明中试产品与实验室小试产品的性能基本接近。中试石蜡微胶囊的微胶囊化率为70％，平均粒径为54．0μm，相变范围为40～80℃，相变峰值和热焓分别为65℃，114J／g，分解温度达250℃。     

Microstructure and pitting corrosion of shielded metal arc welded high nitrogen stainless steel

The present work is aimed at studying the microstructure and pitting corrosion behaviour of shielded metal arc welded high nitrogen steel made of Cromang-N electrode. Basis for selecting this electrode is to increase the solubility of nitrogen in weld metal due to high chromium and manganese content. Microscopic studies were carried out using optical microscopy(OM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM). Energy back scattered diffraction(EBSD) method was used to determine the phase analysis, grain size and orientation image mapping. Potentio-dynamic polarization testing was carried out to study the pitting corrosion resistance in aerated 3.5% NaCl environment using a GillAC electrochemical system. The investigation results showed that the selected Cr-Mn-N type electrode resulted in a maximum reduction in delta-ferrite and improvement in pitting corrosion resistance of the weld zone was attributed to the coarse austenite grains owing to the reduction in active sites of the austenite/delta ferrite interface and the decrease in galvanic interaction between austenite and delta-ferrite.     

超声辅助喷射电沉积Ni镀层的表面形貌及硬度

试验以直接超声方式,在喷射电沉积装置的基础上加载超声设备,分别在20℃和50℃两种镀液温度下在A3钢基体上制备了加载超声和不加载超声Ni镀层,研究了超声波及温度对Ni镀层表面形貌和硬度的影响。试验结果分析表明：在20℃条件下,超声可避免镀层裂纹的产生,提高镀层的硬度;在50℃条件下,超声可细化镀层的组织,且可显著提高镀层硬度;超声波对喷射电沉积层组织和性能的影响机理主要在于超声空化引起的析氢减少、细晶强化和加工硬度。     

Microstructural characterization of silicon carbide reinforced dissimilar grade aluminium explosive clads

Aluminium composites are inevitable in ship building, commercial and defence aircrafts construction due to their light weight, high strength to weight ratio, admirable properties and cost affordability. In this study, the microstructural characteristics of explosive cladded dissimilar grade aluminium (Al 1100-A1 5052) clad composites reinforced with silicon carbide (SiC) particles is presented. Microstructure taken at the interface by optical and scanning electron microscopes (SEM) revealed the formation of a silicon carbide layer between the dissimilar grade aluminium sheets. Though reaction layers were witnessed at few locations along the interface, the diffusion of atoms between the participant metals is not visible as confirmed by energy dispersive spectroscopy, elemental mapping, line analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The variation in microhardness at various regions of the silicon carbide reinforced dissimilar aluminium explosive clad is reported. The increase in tensile strength of the SiC laced clad is also presented.     

导线绝缘层火灾痕迹研究

以铜芯聚氯乙烯绝缘软导线作为实验材料,使用火灾痕迹物证综合实验台和箱式电阻炉等模拟火场条件,分别制备出导线绝缘层在过负荷、火烧和短路三种状态下的炭化痕迹样品,宏观观察结果表明这三种情况下导线绝缘层破坏显示出不同的特征。将导线绝缘层过负荷、火烧和短路三种痕迹样品碳化物分别制成碳管并测其导电性能,发现它们的导电性能存在规律性,短路形成的绝缘层碳化物导电性优于过负荷、火烧形成的碳化物导电性,而对于火烧形成碳化物,在一定温度范围内随着温度升高导电性有增强的规律。     

高速微粒轰击45钢表面纳米化过程中铁素体相晶粒细化过程分析

利用高速微粒轰击技术在45钢表面制备了纳米晶,利用透射电镜（TEM）和X射线衍射（XRD）等分析技术对距表面不同深度的微观结构进行分析,研究铁素体相晶粒细化过程。结果显示：随着距表面距离的减小结构尺寸逐渐减小,在最表面形成了纳米晶层,平均晶粒尺寸约为15 nm。通过不同尺寸位错胞的逐步形成,以及位错墙不断向晶界演化,晶粒被细化为细小的纳米晶。     

Multiobjective optimization of friction welding of UNS S32205 duplex stainless steel

The present study is to optimize the process parameters for friction welding of duplex stainless steel(DSS UNS S32205).Experiments were conducted according to central composite design.Process variables,as inputs of the neural network,included friction pressure,upsetting pressure,speed and burn-off length.Tensile strength and microhardness were selected as the outputs of the neural networks.The weld metals had higher hardness and tensile strength than the base material due to grain refinement which caused failures away from the joint interface during tensile testing.Due to shorter heating time,no secondary phase intermetallic precipitation was observed in the weld joint.A multi-layer perceptron neural network was established for modeling purpose.Five various training algorithms,belonging to three classes,namely gradient descent,genetic algorithm and LevenbergeM arquardt,were used to train artificial neural network.The optimization was carried out by using particle swarm optimization method.Confirmation test was carried out by setting the optimized parameters.In conformation test,maximum tensile strength and maximum hardness obtained are 822 MPa and 322 Hv,respectively.The metallurgical investigations revealed that base metal,partially deformed zone and weld zone maintain austenite/ferrite proportion of 50:50.     

Effect of bending temperatures on the microstructure and springback of a TRIP steel sheet

Transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) steel possesses high strength and formability, enabling the use of a thinner gauge material and allowing for the fabrication of complex shapes. In this research, we measured the effect of bending temperatures on the microstructure and air-bending springback angle of TRIP steel at temperatures from 25 to 600 °C. Real-time in situ X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were used for pre- and postbending analysis. As the prebending temperature increased from 25 °C to 600 °C, the retained austenite (RA) volume fraction decreased, and the RA transformed to bainite at temperatures above 400 °C. The springback angle was positively correlated with the prebending RA volume fraction, with the smallest springback angle achieved at 400 °C. Additionally, the springback angle was positively correlated with the bending angle, because the RA transformation ratio contributed to increased strain hardening. Further microstructure analysis revealed that the RA became elongated in the tension direction as the bending temperatures increased.     

主机安全监控系统的设计与实现

针对现有主机监控系统存在的执行效率低、监控粒度粗等问题,通过在内核态设置钩子函数改写系统服务调度表,同时在用户层设置策略库进行细粒度监控,设计并实现了主机安全监控系统。该系统具有执行效率高、占用系统资源少、监控粒度细等特点。