谁是国际秩序的挑战者？ 国际问题专家庞中英教授访谈录

国际秩序,作为世界上各个国家在相互交往过程中形成的行为规范与保障机制,既有相应的稳定性,又总是处于不断的流变之中。什么样的国际秩序才是正当的国际秩序？在当今的世界上,谁才是真正的国际秩序维护者和挑战者？为此,本刊记者专访了中国人民大学国际关系学院庞中英教授。     

妨害作战秩序方面犯罪的认定与处罚

根据新刑法第十章的规定,军人违反职责罪中妨害作战秩序方面的犯罪,直接侵害军队的作战秩序,危害国家的军事利益,是军事刑罚的重点。 一、军人妨害作战秩序方面犯罪的认定 妨害作战秩序方面的犯罪,是指在战争情况下或者部队接受作战任务进行动员后,军人违反职责,妨害军队的作战秩序,依法应受刑罚处罚的行为。从犯罪构成看,妨害作战秩序方面的犯罪具有以下特征:     

整顿会计工作秩序 加强企事业财务管理

整顿会计工作秩序加强企事业财务管理●葛小春王潞根据国务院整顿会计工作秩序的精神,以及财政部、审计署、国家税务总局、国家工商行政管理局《关于整顿会计工作秩序的实施办法的通知》,总公司财会局牵头组织各单位严格整顿会计工作秩序,取得了较好效果,并提出了今后...     

海洋秩序与中国近代国防

海洋秩序为中国近代国防的重构提供了现代性的价值内核——民族国家,这是近代国防区别于古代国防的根本尺度。中国近代国防在从华夷秩序到海洋秩序的转移中实现了基于民族国家为核心的新国防观的重构和国防的整体转型。     

火场秩序是战斗力提升的重要因素

从分析大火场影响战斗力的因素入手 ,提出战斗力提升之法 ,得出秩序出战斗力的结论。旨在引导施救作业向正规、秩序的方向发展。     

妨害部队管理秩序方面犯罪的处罚

建立良好的战备、训练、工作和生活秩序,是我军正规化建设的重要内容,也是我军执行各项任务的重要条件。妨害部队管理秩序方面的行     

美日印打造战略三角

当前,亚洲的外交态势正随着该地区的经济动态发生变化,特别是在安全领域。这一次,处于构建中的是亚洲的安全秩序,这反映了该地区在全球事务中新获得的主导地位,尽管目前还无法确定这一秩序的最终状态。     

规范火场战斗秩序的实践与思考

分析当前火场战斗秩序混乱的原因，从火灾现场排兵布阵、灭火救援绩效考评和人才保障等方面提出了规范火场战斗秩序，提高灭火实战能力的相应对策。     

承德军分区正规化建设使真劲

承德军分区以营院管理、办公秩序、对外形象为突破口,狠抓部队正规化建设。改造房屋结构,梳理楼内线路,增设值班哨位,加强安全警戒;严格出入秩序,落实作息     

破解“四个问题”规范国防后备力量组织建设秩序

组织建设是国防后备力量建设的基础工程。规范组织建设秩序是国防后备力量建设的重要内容。新形势下，规范国防后备力量组织建设秩序，要重点破解“四个问题”。     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

Cyberpower in Strategic Affairs: Neither Unthinkable nor Blessed

Abstract

This article explores the effect of connectivity on strategic affairs. It argues that the effect on war's character is potentially, although not yet shown in practice, considerably large. Its effect upon the distribution of power among states in the international system is small, contrary to the claims of ‘cyberwar’ alarmists. All told, however, its effect upon strategic affairs is complex. On the one hand, it represents a significant advance in the ‘complexification’ of state strategies, understood in the sense of the production of intended effects. On the other hand, strategists today – still predominantly concerned with the conflicts and confrontations of states and organised military power – are generally missing the power which non-traditional strategic actors, better adapted to the network flows of the information age, are beginning to deploy. These new forms of organization and coercion will challenge the status quo.