毫米波相控阵雷达弹丸脱靶量测量精度分析

论证了脱靶量测量误差在闭环校正中的地位和作用,定量分析了雷达测距误差、测角误差、检测波门的设置和目标、弹丸运动的速度、方向等因素对脱靶量测量误差的影响,估算了现有条件下脱靶量的测量精度。     

小口径火炮弹丸初速误差校正的必要性及方法

小口径火炮系统中的弹丸初速误差是引起脱靶量的一个重要误差源[2]。本文从弹丸初速误差引起脱靶量的大小上说明了对弹丸初速误差校正的必要性。针对多卜勒火控雷达可以提供弹丸初速这一特点,对多管小口径火炮设计了一种弹丸初速误差校正的方法,并在计算机上进行了模拟计算,得出了令人满意的结果。     

基于虚拟脱靶量预测的准闭环校射方法

针对传统高炮大闭环校射脱靶量不易检测、可校射时间短暂,提出了一种基于虚拟脱靶量预测的准闭环校射方法。首先给出了弹丸双站角度测量的初始状态估计算法;其次,结合外弹道理论建立了一种虚拟等距脱靶量的预测模型,分析了射击校正量的估计方法与准闭环校射方案的实现流程。该方法避免了大闭环校射对脱靶量的直接检测,并提高了高炮闭环校射的时效性。     

舰载火炮闭环射击效力在线评估方法

舰炮火力决策中要依据射击效力实时评估结果,对评估准确性有较高高要求。本方法针对火炮系统闭环校射技术的特点,利用跟踪雷达提供的弹目脱靶量,将弹丸脱靶量实测数据用于修正原解析算法得出的弹丸单发命中概率,修正多发弹丸累积毁伤概率。评估过程应用了已测量的弹丸脱靶量,与传统解析估算法相比,由于最大程度地利用了实测数据代替误差估计数据,具有较高的精度。     

基于“脱靶管”原理的防空导弹脱靶量估算方法北大核心

针对防空导弹试验鉴定中非精确测量条件下脱靶量获取的实际问题,提出了一种基于“脱靶管”原理的脱靶量估算方法。并针对光学测量和多普勒频率信号测量2种数据源,给出具体算法和算例,算例的结果表明基于“脱靶管”原理的脱靶量计算方法,可在非精确测量条件下,得到较高精度的脱靶量的值,是光学测量数据估算脱靶量的有效手段。同时基于“脱靶管”原理的脱靶量估算方法具有明显优势,能够较好地解决弹目相对速度未知情况的脱靶量估算问题。该方法具有算法简便快捷、计算精度高、工程实用性好等特点。     

基于激光测距仪信息的模糊控制导引方法

针对动能拦截器在大气层外完成拦截任务的末制导问题,利用激光测距仪的测距信息、红外导引头与惯性测量设备的测量信息,推导了弹目相对运动信息的计算方法,及基于相对运动信息计算待飞时间与零效脱靶量的计算公式.设计了一种基于零效脱靶量的模糊控制末制导律,兼顾节省燃料与满足制导精度要求.通过数学仿真验证,该方法具有较高的制导精度和鲁棒性,且燃料消耗较少.     

一种快速的矢量脱靶量测量算法

为了满足一些矢量脱靶量测量系统实时性的要求,提出了一种快速的矢量脱靶量测量算法.测量中使用了一个小型天线阵列,基于快速傅里叶变换算法,雷达回波的多普勒频率和不同天线接收信号的相位差能够快速地被估计出来,进一步利用非线性优化的方法估计出目标的矢量脱靶量参数.计算机仿真结果表明,该方法原理正确,能够满足实时要求.     

光电/弹炮结合防空系统的综合设计

雷达有源跟踪定位一直是火控系统的主要侦察探测方式,由于雷达对抗技术的发展,有源雷达设备的作战效能大为降低.在火控系统中,光电无源跟踪定位可代替雷达的部分功能,其开发潜力备受关注.介绍了光电/弹炮结合防空系统的重要作用,论述了光电探测和弹炮一体化设计的基本结构和功能, 提出了系统综合设计的主要研究内容和关键技术,探索了光电信息火力引导的技术途径并给出了一种基于光电探测的弹丸脱靶量测量技术.     

空靶脱靶量测量方法研究

通过对正弦波、三角波和锯齿波三种调频信号差频测距方法的深入研究,认为三种波形调频差频频谱是连续的.正弦波和三角波调频时,差频有周期性不规则区,测距出现模糊,而锯齿波调频差频规律性强,测距清晰,并给出了锯齿波调频测距的一般表达式,理论上证明了锯齿波调频差频测距的连续性.在研究空靶脱靶量测量中,提出了利用锯齿波调频差频完成空靶脱靶量测量方法,探讨了系统的设计与实现.     

舰空导弹脱靶量测量方法研究

针对舰空导弹脱靶量测量方法在导弹试验中不能满足要求的现状,在介绍了目前舰空导弹脱靶量测量技术现状及存在缺陷的基础上,重点提出了基于全球定位原理和技术实现的舰空导弹脱靶量测量的新方法.应用此方法,不仅可以实现全天候、高精度、机动化的舰空导弹脱靶量测量,而且精度可达亚米级.     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

The UK,interrogation and Iraq, 2003–2008

The UK’s interrogation operations during the conflict in Iraq (2003–2008) are often portrayed by the media as involving significant amounts of mistreatment. This article demonstrates that these practices are not necessarily representative of the UK’s interrogation operations across this conflict. In doing so it contributes to the limited literature on the practice of interrogation and on the UK’s combat operations in Iraq. The UK’s interrogation capability, and therefore its intelligence-gathering capability, is shown to have rested primarily with the military’s Joint Forward Interrogation Team (JFIT). The JFIT suffered from limitations to the number, training and experience of its interrogators and interpreters. It is argued that maintaining a permanent, higher level of preparedness for interrogation by the British armed forces is desirable.     

Remembering and forgetting Mirambo: Histories of war in modern Africa

ABSTRACT

While the study of organised violence is considered essential to understanding the history of the West, and accordingly imbued with various layers of meaning and remembrance, war is widely regarded as inimical to the modern nation in Africa and stable development more broadly. Using examples drawn from primarily from East Africa, this paper considers the ways in which warfare in the deeper (‘precolonial’) past has been framed and envisioned in recent decades, in particular by governments whose own roots lie in revolutionary armed struggle and who began life as guerrilla movements. While in some cases particular elements of the deeper past were indeed mobilised in pursuit of contemporary political goals, in many other scenarios histories of precolonial violence were beheld as problematic and unworthy of remembrance. This paper highlights the paradox and ambiguity which has attended the memory of key aspects of Africa’s deeper past.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

SIM—LISP:一个通信网络管理专家系统外壳的设计与实现

本文介绍了笔者为开发名为OONMES的网络管理专家系统所实现的一个简单专家系统工具SIM-LISP。SIM-LISP是一个用C/C++语言来实现的模拟LISP语言的可调用函数集,它短小精巧,速度快,可以完成针对网管专家系统的事实或规则知识的表示、匹配、合一和推理等基本操作,并有与知识对象的连接功能,是网管专家系统内核实现的支撑环境。     

Al Qaida on the US invasion of Afghanistan in their own words

This article consists of selected translations from captured interviews and dairies of Al Qaida members. The time period covered is from mid-2001 to early 2002 and concerns their operations in Afghanistan. The material clearly conveys a range of emotion, from confident to despondent, as well as efforts to contest the US actions. The first several pages give the reader context and some possible “lessons learned,” but the story(ies) are best told by the Al Qaida members themselves. All names are pseudonyms.     

Does Intent equal Capability? Al-Qaeda and Weapons of Mass Destruction

The prospect of terrorists deploying weapons of mass destruction (WMD) is often referred to as the foremost danger to American national security. This danger has become more realistic because of al-Qaeda's expanding global network and the expressed willingness to kill thousands of civilians. In the past four years, numerous media reports have documented the group's ongoing quest for WMD capabilities; many reports have detailed al-Qaeda members’ attempts to manufacture or obtain certain chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) agents to use in WMD against targets in the West and the Middle East. Yet the question remains: Does al-Qaeda's current WMD capability match its actual intent? While most studies of the group have focused on its explicit desire for WMD, allegations of CBRN acquisition, and the killing potential of specific CBRN agents, few open-source studies have closely examined the evolution of al-Qaeda's consideration of WMD and, most notably, the merit of actual CBRN production instructions as depicted and disseminated in the group's own literature and manuals. The following report will examine the history of al-Qaeda's interest in CBRN agents, the evolution of the network's attitude toward these weapons, and the internal debate within the organization concerning acquisition and use of WMD. More so, the following research will assess the validity of actual CBRN production instructions and capabilities as displayed and disseminated in al-Qaeda's own literature and websites.     

Late Medieval Lance Use: Mounted Combat and Martial Arts in Western Europe from the 14th to the 16th Century

Despite the lance’s status and the amount of attention the couched lance has received in historiography, study of its martial art has been neglected. The various lance types and techniques used by western European cavalry have only recently begun to receive scholarly attention. Additionally, Medieval European lance use has too often been studied in isolation, without an adequate understanding of the idiosyncratic and asymmetrical dynamics of mounted combat. Although the charge with the couched lance was a valid tactic, it was only one of many. Light and heavy lances were used in one hand or two to trip, block, unhorse, and wrestle. These techniques were governed by the harsh laws of distance, speed, impact, iron, and asymmetry. By utilizing the surviving Fechtbücher and several Peninsular and Near Eastern sources, a brief foray into the diverse techniques of lance use and their purposes has been attempted here.     

A model for geographically distributed combat interactions of swarming naval and air forces

This article describes the Distributed Interaction Campaign Model (DICM), an exploratory campaign analysis tool and asset allocation decision‐aid for managing geographically distributed and swarming naval and air forces. The model is capable of fast operation, while accounting for uncertainty in an opponent's plan. It is intended for use by commanders and analysts who have limited time for model runs, or a finite budget. The model is purpose‐built for the Pentagon's Office of Net Assessment, and supports analysis of the following questions: What happens when swarms of geographically distributed naval and air forces engage each other and what are the key elements of the opponents’ force to attack? Are there changes to force structure that make a force more effective, and what impacts will disruptions in enemy command and control and wide‐area surveillance have? Which insights are to be gained by fast exploratory mathematical/computational campaign analysis to augment and replace expensive and time‐consuming simulations? An illustrative example of model use is described in a simple test scenario. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 562–576, 2016