考虑随机回放的卫星数传调度问题的一种求解方法

针对考虑随机回放的卫星数传调度问题,从置换空间到调度解空间的映射方法和置换空间的搜索算法两方面进行了研究.提出了一种时间窗优先的置换序列映射算法,并证明该映射算法可以将置换序列映射到调度解空间上的最优解.提出了一种遗传随机搜索算法,基于有记忆功能的随机邻域搜索,在置换空间上搜索产生优化调度的置换序列.仿真计算表明,遗传随机搜索算法可以增强遗传算法的局部搜索能力,在搜索结果上平均获得了2.72%的改进.     

基于MOEO的电子侦察卫星多目标规划方法

分析了电子侦察卫星任务规划问题的内涵,基于合理假设建立了问题的多目标规划模型;设计了一种基于MOEO(Multi-objective Extremal Optimization)的多目标极值优化算法对模型进行求解,提出了一种针对电子侦察卫星规划问题的随机交换变异算子对解空间进行搜索;同时,为防止Pareto近似最优解的...     

基于优化遗传算法的软硬件划分方法

针对软硬件划分问题,研究了一种优化的遗传算法,提出硬件倾向度的概念,用于遗传算法初始群体的生成,减少了初始解的随机性和搜索的盲目性;在遗传算法过程中,使交叉变异概率随着遗传过程由大变小,保证早期具有较大的搜索空间,后期又能保留较好的解,使用动态结束条件自适应结束遗传算法。与对比算法相比,该算法的效率较高,且在大规模问题求解上能够获得更优解。     

舰艇编队协同反导火力分配的改进多目标粒子群算法

为提高协同反导时的多目标火力分配计算能力,首先建立了火力分配多目标数学模型;然后,针对火力分配多目标规划具有的线性不等式约束条件难以使用多目标粒子群优化算法、粒子群算法自身存在的盲目搜索等问题进行了改进,并明确了计算流程;最后,对算法进行了仿真实验,仿真实验表明:改进的多目标粒子群算法求解多目标火力分配规划模型得到的非劣解集可构成Pareto前端,且非劣解集的适应度最大值随迭代步数演变具有稳定的收敛性,验证了改进多目标粒子群算法的有效性.     

分布式遗传模拟退火算法的火力打击目标分配优化

根据火力打击规则,建立了多目标函数的目标分配模型,提出了分布式遗传模拟退火算法对模型进行求解。分布式遗传模拟退火算法基于经典遗传算法进行改进:将单目标串行搜索方式变成多目标分布式搜索方式,适用于多目标寻优问题求解;采用保留最优个体和轮盘赌相结合的方式进行个体选择,在交叉算子中引入模拟退火算法,使用自适应变异概率,较好地保持算法广度和深度搜索平衡。最后,通过仿真实验验证了算法的有效性和可靠性。     

基于多群体改进萤火虫算法的装配序列规划

为了解决机械产品装配序列优化问题,提出了一种基于多群体改进萤火虫优化算法的装配序列规划方法。建立了装配序列规划的数学模型,针对萤火虫算法收敛效率低的不足,借鉴混合蛙跳算法族群划分思想对萤火虫算法进行了改进,引用局部搜索与全局信息交换机制提升了算法性能;根据装配序列规划问题离散型的特点,定义了新的离散编码方式和粒子更新策略。通过实例仿真结果表明,改进后的萤火虫优化算法简单有效、稳定性好、求解精度高,能够稳定快速地给出装配序列最优方案。     

基于改进布谷鸟算法的目标分配问题

针对防空作战中目标分配的实时性、动态性、高效性以及作战决策的稳定性需求,基于种群协同进化思想提出一种免疫-布谷鸟算法。通过建立种群协同进化机制,利用两个种群进行不同方向的搜索并实时进行信息交互,加快算法收敛速度;利用布谷鸟算法参数少、易实现及较好的全局搜索能力,以及基于免疫机制的高斯变异算子较强的局部搜索能力,实现了求解速度和解的精度的平衡问题,提高算法的进化活力和求解效率。仿真实验表明,改进的布谷鸟算法与传统的目标分配算法相比,求解效率和性能上有明显提高,新算法求解目标分配问题是有效可行的。     

一种基于混合算法的火力规划方法

针对战场上火力单元与目标数量较多的具有多约束的火力规划问题,提出一种采用贪心策略和改进遗传算法的混合算法求解不同复杂程度的火力规划方法。贪心策略用于优化初始种群以加快遗传算法收敛及在短时间内求解较复杂的火力规划问题。采用改进编码方式、杂交与变异算子的遗传算法处理约束条件,提高搜索效率,加快算法运行速度。仿真实验结果表明,混合算法可以在平衡求解时间与结果满意度的情况下求解不同复杂程度的火力规划问题。     

基于多种群合作演化的无人机协同侦察任务规划研究

为了提高时空域上对无人机协同侦察任务规划的效率,提出一种基于多种群合作演化遗传算法的任务规划模型。该模型建立了无人机协同侦察任务规划问题的分层描述,并将多种群合作演化遗传算法引入对模型的求解,设计了全局与局部搜索流程,交叉变异和合作演化等算法（子）,并给出了详细求解步骤。仿真结果表明,所提模型及算法与单种群搜索算法相比,在任务处置效益、任务潜力效益、时间成本效益等方面均有提升。     

指挥信息系统非线性最优化问题的混沌搜索解法

指挥信息系统进行辅助决策很多情况下是一个求解最优化问题的过程,指挥信息系统遇到的很多问题具有非线性,同时指挥信息系统对算法的适应性和收敛速度要求相当严格。对此,普通的优化技术只能求出局部最优解。基于混沌搜索技术的计算智能具有全局搜索能力强、算法简洁、计算量小、收敛速度快的特点,成为一种求解非线性最优化问题全局最优的有效方法。算例表明,当搜索次数达到一定数量时,混沌搜索方法可以保证算法收敛到全局最优解,且计算效率很高。     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

Country survey XVI the defence sector in the economy of a declining superpower: Soviet Union and Russia, 1965-2001

The Soviet Union was able to develop a large military-industrial complex and become the world's second superpower despite deficiencies in its centrally planned economy because defence was given high priority status and special planning, rationing and administrative mechanisms were used to attain national security objectives. However, in the period 1976-85 the effectiveness of priority protection diminished and defence institutions experienced more of the problems typical of the shortage economic system. The heavy defence burden also created growing difficulties for the civilian economy. The attempts by the Gorbachev government to reform the defence sector and improve defence-economic relationships during perestroika (1985-91) uniformly failed. For most of the transition period, the Russian military-industrial complex has been adversely affected by its low priority status, cuts in defence spending, instability of the hybrid politico-economic system, and negative growth of the economy. The armed forces and defence industry have been reduced in size and their outputs of military services and equipment have fallen to low levels. Nevertheless, the Russian armed forces still have over one million troops, significant stocks of sophisticated conventional weapons, and a large nuclear arsenal. The government of President Putin has raised the priority of the defence sector, increased real defence spending, and adopted ambitious plans to revive Russian military power. It is likely, though, that tight resource constraints will hamper efforts to reform the armed forces and to upgrade weapons. By 2010 Russia will be an important, but not dominant, military power in Eurasia.     

Traffickers,terrorists, and a ‘new security challenge’: Russian counternarcotics strategy and the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade

The collapse of the Soviet Union precipitated the massive expansion of drug use and trade in Russia. The country now has one of the largest populations of injecting drug users in the world and has become the largest single-country market for Afghan heroin. In 2003 the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade was created to coordinate a comprehensive counternarcotics strategy appropriate to the scale of this threat. The service continues to face a number of challenges in its early stages of development. However, it has made considerable advances in improving responses to large-scale organised crime and in building international cooperation.