以可靠性为中心的维修

以可靠性为中心的维修(Reliability Centered maintenance——RCM)是美国航空界和美国防部制订装备预防维修大纲时所使用的一种维修理论,其主要目的是以最低的费用保持复杂装备的固有可靠性水平。本文跟踪RCM的发展过程,简述其基本原理和基本内容,并在综述国内外有关文献的基础上提出了笔者对RCM的认识及在军械系统应用RCM的必要性。     

基于案例的RCM分析系统研究

提出了利用基于案例的推理（CBR）技术开发以可靠性为中心的维修（RCM）分析系统的设想。提出了基于案例的RCM分析系统的结构,讨论了在开发系统原型机的过程中所采用的RCM案例的表示和组织,同类案例优先的检索策略,利用规则组合及调整案例等主要技术。     

以可靠性为中心的维修及其模型支持

从RCM分析的基本过程入手,分析了进行RCM决策模型研究的必要性,简要介绍了RCM分析决策过程,探讨了RCM决策模型的分类方法,提出了RCM建模研究的基本设想。     

武器雷达装备RCM推广应用中存在的问题及对策

分析了目前RCM推广应用中存在的问题,提出了加大宣传力度,统一思想认识等5项对策,对于在武器雷达装备上进一步推广应用RCM,具有重要的借鉴作用。     

基于RCM2200应用的专用网关设计

以太网作为现代主要的数据传输方式,以其高速性和很高的数据稳定性,已经从个人计算机到智能设备深入到世界的每个角落。研究了基于RCM2200设计专用网关将各种设备接入以太网中;介绍了RCM2200以太网微控制器以及DynamicC软件开发环境,讲述了如何利用DynamicC语言通过RCM2200核心模块实现专用网关设计。     

认知测试性——维修保障理论的新发展

基于信息化条件下,装备发展体系化、网络化、智能化的要求,针对装备保障理论的新发展,详细阐述了认知测试性的概念。首先介绍了认知测试性以及RCM,PHM的概念和原理,分析了认知测试性与RCM,PHM的区别与联系,并对认知测试性的指标体系进行了简要说明,阐明了认知测试性的必要性和可行性,认知测试性是未来装备测试性的发展方向,对装备的发展将产生深远的影响。     

基于灰色关联度的装备故障风险分析

由于各种故障模式的风险水平不同,而传统RCM定量风险分析方法没有考虑各因素间的权重,影响故障风险分析的准确性;在传统FMEA的基础上,通过灰色关联度分析,可实现各故障模式的风险排序,较传统RCM风险分析方法具有更高的精度,并用实例进行验证。     

武器雷达装备RCM分析决策系统

详细介绍了武器雷达装备RCM分析决策系统的体系结构、功能模块划分和数据库设计方法,并给出了系统的实现方案以及后续开发的设想。     

装备维修决策系统功能分析

本文分析了维修决策的特点,提出了装备维修决策系统应当具备的四项基本功能:RCM逻辑决断、预防性维修决策、修理级别决策、维修备件决策,并分别进行了初步的讨论。     

以可靠性为中心的装备维修

文章结合自行高炮在维修中存在的问题,通过分析现有的维修思想存在的误区,在现有维修体制中引入RCM的思想,并提出了优化决策的基本理论和方法。     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Panjwai: a tale of two COINs in Afghanistan

The US Army has two approaches to counterinsurgency operations in Afghanistan. One is hard, or combat-focused, and the other is soft, or development-focused. This study examines two US Army task forces deployed to Panjwai District, Afghanistan from 2012 to 2013. CTF 4-9 and 1-38 offer a meaningful comparison because they pursued these contrasting approaches among the same population and against the same enemy at the same time and place. The study compares each unit’s approach and finds that neither approach was successful absent the other. The article concludes by recommending further research into combining the approaches at the operational level.