水下监测系统的生存性定义与模型

当水下监测系统遇到外部攻击、发生故障和事故时,生存性为系统仍保证基本服务提供了保障.为准确衡量此类系统的生存性,提出了它的生存性定义、计算方法和系统模型.生存性定义为在指定工作环境下,受事件影响的系统服务仍能达到用户要求的能力,表示为系统服务性能的数学期望.根据这种定义和计算方法能更准确地判别系统设计是否满足生存性标准.在基于多状态系统的生存性模型中,服务性能是各子系统状态的函数,与系统的结构函数有关.子系统状态的概率分布由系统的可靠性和安全性决定.最后通过实例说明了生存性模型的有效性.     

基于BLP的Web系统多级安全策略模型

Web系统的广泛应用使其安全问题日益突出.通过分析当前Web系统存在的安全隐患,在Web资源的访问控制上引入了多级安全策略,从Web系统的功能需求和安全需求出发,分析了BLP模型直接应用于Web系统时导致的问题.在BLP模型的基础上,提出了Web系统的多级安全策略模型,对Web系统中的概念、对象和操作进行抽象和提炼,研究了Web系统处于安全状态时应当满足的安全条件,并在此基础上,对Web系统、系统状态、和状态转换进行了形式化描述.     

基于MEMS的微型无人机姿态仪的设计

姿态测量系统是无人机设计中的关键部分.尤其是对于载荷很小的微型无人机,姿态测量系统就更有研究的必要.设计了由微机电技术(MEMS)传感器组成的姿态测量系统.该系统由三轴磁阻传感器、三轴角速率陀螺和三轴加速度计组成.通过测量载体的动态加速度和角速度进行姿态解算.采用双矢量参考,利用Kalman滤波技术,得到动态的姿态数据.针对微小型无人机的高机动性特别进行了优化.该系统体积小、重量轻、功耗低、无长期漂移.测角为航向、俯仰、滚转.和原有同类系统相比,动态条件下精度大为提高.     

战斗机系统作战效能分析

为分析和评估多功能战斗机系统作战效能,依据美国工业界武器系统效能咨询委员会给出的模型思路和方法,对战机系统作战效能进行了分析和评估建模.建立了系统可用度,可信度模型框图,给出了系统可用度,可信性,系统能力和作战效能计算公式,详细估算和讨论了系统可靠性、维修性、保障性和系统性能参数对战机系统可用度、任务可信性和效能的影响.     

战争工程理论基础 系统思想

战争工程将战争看成是各组分相互作用的复杂适应系统,整体上对战争进行科学研究.其理论基础是以系统科学理论和系统工程方法为代表的系统思想.在新三论、老三论这些传统理论基础上,以复杂适应系统理论、复杂网络理论、人工生命理论为代表的新理论,进一步丰富了系统思想的内容,为战争工程研究提供了新理论和新方法.本文着重阐述了战争工程中的系统思想与理论基础,以及这些理论在战争工程中的应用.由军事科学、系统科学、信息科学、复杂性科学等多学科交叉渗透构成的战争工程,必将为信息化战争研究提供新思维和新方法.     

C4ISR仿真系统分析和设计

分析了指挥、控制、通讯、计算机、信息、监视和侦察(C4ISR)系统的复杂性特点,指出C4ISR系统在应用过程中,需要仿真系统对系统操作员和指挥员进行训练.研究了C4ISR仿真系统及其各子系统的实现模型,最后以舰艇C4ISR为例进行设计,通过分布式交互仿真协议(DIS)实现各子系统信息的互连.仿真结果表明,系统也可以为检测各种实际系统提供仿真环境和数据.     

主汽轮齿轮机组及主要系统故障分析(Ⅰ)--准备时的主要故障

论述主汽轮齿轮机组主要部件及主要系统准备时的故障形式、特征、原因和处理对策.涉及的部件包括汽轮机、减速器、冷凝器、隔音联轴节、各种轴承, 涉及的系统包括调节控制保安系统、滑油系统、冷凝系统和辅助冷凝装置.     

主汽轮齿轮机组及主要系统故障分析(I)——准备时的主要故障

论述主汽轮齿轮机组主要部件及主要系统准备时的故障形式、特征、原因和处理对策 .涉及的部件包括汽轮机、减速器、冷凝器、隔音联轴节、各种轴承 ,涉及的系统包括调节控制保安系统、滑油系统、冷凝系统和辅助冷凝装置 .     

基于图像的近程防御报警系统研究与设计

针对大型跟踪系统在某些特定场合不适用的问题,设计了一种集视频采集、目标捕获、识别与跟踪、云台随动控制、无线电台通信、远端预警点火等多功能于一体的导弹近程防御预警点火系统.上位机采用双DSP处理器设计结构,应用波门和相关两种方式跟踪算法,以及三段式云台伺服控制方式确保了系统的跟踪适应能力.下位系统采用LPC936单片机系统完成远端通信和中断点火控制.经实验测试,系统达到预定指标.     

陆战平台分布式综合模块化系统架构建模方法

分布式综合模块化系统架构,成为航空应用领域的主流架构和发展趋势.我国空军已进行了分布式综合模块化系统架构研究设计和仿真评估,但缺乏系统级的架构优劣评估.兵器领域已将综合模块化系统架构应用于型号项目中,但在分布式综合模块化架构方面,尚未在具体项目中应用.针对分布式综合模块化系统架构缺乏系统级评估手段的问题,提出一种陆战平台分布式综合模块化系统架构建模方法.根据系统架构评估需求,建立不同层级实体的模型及约束,分别对应陆战平台信息控制系统的业务层、操作系统分区层、模块层、子系统层、系统层;在层级划分的基础上,定义各层级模型的属性;通过对评估指标中的综合度、耦合度进行评估计算,对系统架构建模方法进行验证.系统架构建模方法为系统架构评估提供了一种参考.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

Country survey XVI the defence sector in the economy of a declining superpower: Soviet Union and Russia, 1965-2001

The Soviet Union was able to develop a large military-industrial complex and become the world's second superpower despite deficiencies in its centrally planned economy because defence was given high priority status and special planning, rationing and administrative mechanisms were used to attain national security objectives. However, in the period 1976-85 the effectiveness of priority protection diminished and defence institutions experienced more of the problems typical of the shortage economic system. The heavy defence burden also created growing difficulties for the civilian economy. The attempts by the Gorbachev government to reform the defence sector and improve defence-economic relationships during perestroika (1985-91) uniformly failed. For most of the transition period, the Russian military-industrial complex has been adversely affected by its low priority status, cuts in defence spending, instability of the hybrid politico-economic system, and negative growth of the economy. The armed forces and defence industry have been reduced in size and their outputs of military services and equipment have fallen to low levels. Nevertheless, the Russian armed forces still have over one million troops, significant stocks of sophisticated conventional weapons, and a large nuclear arsenal. The government of President Putin has raised the priority of the defence sector, increased real defence spending, and adopted ambitious plans to revive Russian military power. It is likely, though, that tight resource constraints will hamper efforts to reform the armed forces and to upgrade weapons. By 2010 Russia will be an important, but not dominant, military power in Eurasia.     

Traffickers,terrorists, and a ‘new security challenge’: Russian counternarcotics strategy and the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade

The collapse of the Soviet Union precipitated the massive expansion of drug use and trade in Russia. The country now has one of the largest populations of injecting drug users in the world and has become the largest single-country market for Afghan heroin. In 2003 the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade was created to coordinate a comprehensive counternarcotics strategy appropriate to the scale of this threat. The service continues to face a number of challenges in its early stages of development. However, it has made considerable advances in improving responses to large-scale organised crime and in building international cooperation.