通用装备维修保障创新研究

随着现代科学技术的发展及高技术装备不断投放于战场,使未来战争空前激烈、作战物资消耗大、装备的杀伤破坏力迅速提高、战斗损坏严重和战争突然性增大。因此,认真研究、探讨高技术条件下通用装备维修保障创新,确保战损装备快速得到抢修,快速恢复作战能力,夺取未来高技术战争的胜利,具有十分重要的意义。国内外装备发展与应用的实践证明,开展高技术条件下通用装备维修保障创新,改善维修性,对巩固国防、提高部队战斗力、节省装备寿命周期费用、提高装备经费使用效益、打赢未来高技术战争有着极其重要的作用。     

高技术局部战争中航空装备一体化维修保障系统研究

高技术局部战争是时代的产物,是随着高技术的出现和战争形态的发展而出现的战争样式。文章对高技术局部战争中航空装备维修保障的特点及对航空装备维修保障系统的要求进行了分析,结合航空装备维修保障模式确定的基本原则,并根据航空装备维修保障组织演变的特点,构建了航空装备一体化维修保障系统的模型框架。     

加强省军区装备维修力量建设的思考

省军区装备维修队伍是未来高技术局部战争中一支不可忽视的后勤保障力量,但目前的维修能力与未来装备发展的要求还有较大的差距。本文通过分析省军区装备维修力量的现状后认为,省军区装备维修要走出困境,必须科学编组修理机构,更新维修设备,提高维修人员业务素质。同时,利用自身优势,提高维修经济效益。     

基于领域本体的舰船装备维修保障知识表示研究

针对舰船装备维修保障领域维修保障知识缺乏有效统一管理、共享和重用程度低等问题,将领域本体理论引入维修保障知识管理中,提出了基于全寿命周期的舰船装备维修保障知识本体建模方法。分析舰船装备维修保障领域知识的来源、分类和构成,构建了装备维修保障领域的顶层本体及其概念关系。重点介绍了维修保障知识中故障案例知识的本体建模表示,并提出了基于预检索的全局故障案例知识检索算法,建立了原型系统并应用验证。结果表明:该方法能够解决目前维修保障知识管理中存在的问题,提高了知识检索效率。     

高技术战争对军品包装的影响及对策

高技术战争具有大纵深、全天候、全方位、陆、海、空、天、电磁五位一体作战特点,高技术战争对军事的影响首先是对武器装备的影响,继而对作战样式甚至军事战略和军事思想产生重大影响。高技术条件下的战争己使后勤保障面临一场深刻的变革,无疑也将对军品包装产生重大影响。一、高技术战争对军品包装的影响高技术战争离不开高技术装备,高技术装备对军品包装的影响主要表现在以下方面:1.对包装防护功能的影响随着高技术装备中声、光、电、精密机械组件的日益增加,战场环境日益恶化,从而给高技术装备系统的生存造成极大威胁,因此高技术装备的防…     

美军装备维修“承包商”制度及其对我们的启示

美军的高技术武器装备数量大,技术复杂．对装备维修保障的依赖性很大。为了搞好装备技术维修工作,美军除编成内的技术维修部队外,还十分重视利用地方”承包商”,即装备生产厂家和其他民间力量．来承担武器装备特别是高新技术装备的维修任务。     

通用装备“四合四统”建设模式下维修管理组织结构设计研究

针对“四合四统”建设模式对通用装备维修管理提出的要求，分析了装备维修管理组织结构的基本类型。在此基础上，依据需求，对装备维修管理组织结构进行设计，以机步师为例，构建了“四合四统”模式下装备维修管理组织结构体系，为通用装备维修管理适应新装备形成作战保障能力建设提供了理论参考。     

对高技术装备的辩证思考

高技术装备广泛应用于战场，成为现代战争的一个显著特点。正确认识高技术装备，对于军队建设与发展、牢固树立打赢未来高技术条件下局部战争的信心，具有极其重要的意义。     

基于二元语义的装备维修保障能力评估

为有效克服原有评估方法主观性较强、装备维修保障的复杂性、不确定性等问题,在分析现有评估方法不足的基础上,构建装备维修保障能力评估指标体系,阐述了二元语义的基本原理,将二元语义与能力评估进行紧密结合,给出了基于二元语义的装备维修保障能力评估方法,并进行实例分析。最后,将二元语义与层次分析法和BP神经网络方法进行比较,结果表明,该方法能够有效地对装备维修保障能力进行客观评估,具有一定的参考价值。     

战时维修人员配置模型

本文通过对现代高技术条件下局部战争装备损坏规律的分析,依据装备损坏程度的分类,预计了战时不同级别维修机构的装备维修任务,并结合本级维修机构修复能力的分析,提出了一种战时维修人员配置模型。     

The UK,interrogation and Iraq, 2003–2008

The UK’s interrogation operations during the conflict in Iraq (2003–2008) are often portrayed by the media as involving significant amounts of mistreatment. This article demonstrates that these practices are not necessarily representative of the UK’s interrogation operations across this conflict. In doing so it contributes to the limited literature on the practice of interrogation and on the UK’s combat operations in Iraq. The UK’s interrogation capability, and therefore its intelligence-gathering capability, is shown to have rested primarily with the military’s Joint Forward Interrogation Team (JFIT). The JFIT suffered from limitations to the number, training and experience of its interrogators and interpreters. It is argued that maintaining a permanent, higher level of preparedness for interrogation by the British armed forces is desirable.     

Remembering and forgetting Mirambo: Histories of war in modern Africa

ABSTRACT

While the study of organised violence is considered essential to understanding the history of the West, and accordingly imbued with various layers of meaning and remembrance, war is widely regarded as inimical to the modern nation in Africa and stable development more broadly. Using examples drawn from primarily from East Africa, this paper considers the ways in which warfare in the deeper (‘precolonial’) past has been framed and envisioned in recent decades, in particular by governments whose own roots lie in revolutionary armed struggle and who began life as guerrilla movements. While in some cases particular elements of the deeper past were indeed mobilised in pursuit of contemporary political goals, in many other scenarios histories of precolonial violence were beheld as problematic and unworthy of remembrance. This paper highlights the paradox and ambiguity which has attended the memory of key aspects of Africa’s deeper past.     

SIM—LISP:一个通信网络管理专家系统外壳的设计与实现

本文介绍了笔者为开发名为OONMES的网络管理专家系统所实现的一个简单专家系统工具SIM-LISP。SIM-LISP是一个用C/C++语言来实现的模拟LISP语言的可调用函数集,它短小精巧,速度快,可以完成针对网管专家系统的事实或规则知识的表示、匹配、合一和推理等基本操作,并有与知识对象的连接功能,是网管专家系统内核实现的支撑环境。     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

Al Qaida on the US invasion of Afghanistan in their own words

This article consists of selected translations from captured interviews and dairies of Al Qaida members. The time period covered is from mid-2001 to early 2002 and concerns their operations in Afghanistan. The material clearly conveys a range of emotion, from confident to despondent, as well as efforts to contest the US actions. The first several pages give the reader context and some possible “lessons learned,” but the story(ies) are best told by the Al Qaida members themselves. All names are pseudonyms.     

Does Intent equal Capability? Al-Qaeda and Weapons of Mass Destruction

The prospect of terrorists deploying weapons of mass destruction (WMD) is often referred to as the foremost danger to American national security. This danger has become more realistic because of al-Qaeda's expanding global network and the expressed willingness to kill thousands of civilians. In the past four years, numerous media reports have documented the group's ongoing quest for WMD capabilities; many reports have detailed al-Qaeda members’ attempts to manufacture or obtain certain chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) agents to use in WMD against targets in the West and the Middle East. Yet the question remains: Does al-Qaeda's current WMD capability match its actual intent? While most studies of the group have focused on its explicit desire for WMD, allegations of CBRN acquisition, and the killing potential of specific CBRN agents, few open-source studies have closely examined the evolution of al-Qaeda's consideration of WMD and, most notably, the merit of actual CBRN production instructions as depicted and disseminated in the group's own literature and manuals. The following report will examine the history of al-Qaeda's interest in CBRN agents, the evolution of the network's attitude toward these weapons, and the internal debate within the organization concerning acquisition and use of WMD. More so, the following research will assess the validity of actual CBRN production instructions and capabilities as displayed and disseminated in al-Qaeda's own literature and websites.     

Panjwai: a tale of two COINs in Afghanistan

The US Army has two approaches to counterinsurgency operations in Afghanistan. One is hard, or combat-focused, and the other is soft, or development-focused. This study examines two US Army task forces deployed to Panjwai District, Afghanistan from 2012 to 2013. CTF 4-9 and 1-38 offer a meaningful comparison because they pursued these contrasting approaches among the same population and against the same enemy at the same time and place. The study compares each unit’s approach and finds that neither approach was successful absent the other. The article concludes by recommending further research into combining the approaches at the operational level.     

Late Medieval Lance Use: Mounted Combat and Martial Arts in Western Europe from the 14th to the 16th Century

Despite the lance’s status and the amount of attention the couched lance has received in historiography, study of its martial art has been neglected. The various lance types and techniques used by western European cavalry have only recently begun to receive scholarly attention. Additionally, Medieval European lance use has too often been studied in isolation, without an adequate understanding of the idiosyncratic and asymmetrical dynamics of mounted combat. Although the charge with the couched lance was a valid tactic, it was only one of many. Light and heavy lances were used in one hand or two to trip, block, unhorse, and wrestle. These techniques were governed by the harsh laws of distance, speed, impact, iron, and asymmetry. By utilizing the surviving Fechtbücher and several Peninsular and Near Eastern sources, a brief foray into the diverse techniques of lance use and their purposes has been attempted here.     

A model for geographically distributed combat interactions of swarming naval and air forces

This article describes the Distributed Interaction Campaign Model (DICM), an exploratory campaign analysis tool and asset allocation decision‐aid for managing geographically distributed and swarming naval and air forces. The model is capable of fast operation, while accounting for uncertainty in an opponent's plan. It is intended for use by commanders and analysts who have limited time for model runs, or a finite budget. The model is purpose‐built for the Pentagon's Office of Net Assessment, and supports analysis of the following questions: What happens when swarms of geographically distributed naval and air forces engage each other and what are the key elements of the opponents’ force to attack? Are there changes to force structure that make a force more effective, and what impacts will disruptions in enemy command and control and wide‐area surveillance have? Which insights are to be gained by fast exploratory mathematical/computational campaign analysis to augment and replace expensive and time‐consuming simulations? An illustrative example of model use is described in a simple test scenario. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 562–576, 2016