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1.
为研究扭曲尾翼对飞行器气动特性的影响,引入扭曲率与平均攻角来表示尾翼的几何特征,通过求解旋转坐标系下的定常状态N-S方程,对十字型布局扭曲尾翼飞行器气动特性进行了数值仿真。结果表明:扭曲尾翼可以增加飞行器的滚转力矩和平衡转速,其平衡转速与扭曲率呈正比关系;随着扭曲率的增大,扭曲尾翼飞行器未转动时的阻力系数增大、平衡转速时阻力系数减小;在临界扭曲率以内,随着扭曲率的增加,飞行器平衡转速时翼面压力分布得到了有效改善,研究结果对于飞行器的气动构型设计及其飞行稳定性分析具有参考价值。  相似文献   

2.
微型飞行器具有飞行雷诺数低、易受外界环境干扰等特点,并存在多目标优化问题,因此其气动布局优化设计难度较大。针对微型飞行器的特点及优化设计要求,采用N-S方程与遗传算法相结合的方法对微型飞行器的多目标优化设计,基于ISIGHT软件来实现该方法的具体流程,克服了计算量大、无法实现自主迭代的缺点。并对微型飞行器的展弦比、尾翼安装角、尾翼的高度和根弦长进行优化,优化目标为飞行器的静稳定性和升阻特性,优化后的构型具有良好的气动性能,结果表明该方法明显提高了计算的精度和优化设计的水平,在工程上有一定的应用价值。  相似文献   

3.
为研究Bang-Bang控制式鸭舵对旋转导弹气动特性的影响,在CFD软件中采用嵌套网格方法模拟导弹的旋转和鸭舵的偏转,对Bang-Bang控制式旋转导弹在不同攻角、马赫数和转速下的气动特性进行了数值模拟,得到了气动特性变化规律。研究表明,因鸭舵洗流方向的改变,耦合导弹自旋会导致弹体和尾翼的侧向力发生突变。通过与不控鸭舵的旋转导弹进行对比,采用Bang-Bang控制式鸭舵的旋转导弹的周期平均侧向力系数变小,周期平均法向力系数变大。由于侧向力的存在,导弹在一个周期内的合力会偏离竖直方向,合力偏离竖直方向的角度随着马赫数、自旋速率和攻角的增大而减小。  相似文献   

4.
为了满足二维弹道修正组件小型化设计要求,设计了3种二维弹道修正组件模型,应用Solid Works软件和ICEM软件分别建立3种修正组件的实体模型和网格模型,并利用Fluent软件进行气动特性数值计算,将计算结果进行对比分析,得出不同修正组件模型参数对气动特性的影响。研究结果表明,修正组件尺寸的减小会增大阻力系数;舵片形状和尺寸对阻力系数和升力系数影响较小,但是对滚转力矩系数影响较大,矩形结构的舵片对舵片周围气动特性会产生不利影响;在满足修正要求的前提下,可以适当缩小舵片面积来降低舵机控制难度,提升飞行稳定性。  相似文献   

5.
以某涵道风扇为原型,从理论上分析涵道扩张角对涵道风扇气动特性的影响。运用滑移网格模型,采用三维不可压黏性Navier-Stokes控制方程,利用SST k-ω湍流模型,计算两叶桨气动特性,并与试验结果对比,验证该方法的可行性。分别计算涵道风扇在悬停状态下,3000~8500 r/min转速范围内,涵道唇口外形、扩张角和涵道高度对气动特性的影响,并对流场进行分析。椭圆形唇口的涵道风扇总拉力系数小,气动效率低;当涵道扩张角在8.2°附近时,功率系数相对最小,随着扩张角增大,在桨盘下方靠近涵道壁面附近出现气流分离;涵道拉力系数对涵道风扇高度的变化敏感度低,随着高度增加功率系数略有下降。  相似文献   

6.
气动热是制约高超声速飞行器设计的主要因素之一,当飞行高度大于40 km时流场中存在局部过渡区流动特性,基于分子动力学的DSMC方法是解决高超声速过渡区气动热计算的有效途径之一。针对高超声速飞行器的典型球锥外形,采用DSMC方法开展了过渡区流动气动热特性研究,分析了当流场具有过渡区流动特性时,飞行马赫数和飞行高度对气动热的影响规律,并与Fay-Riddell驻点热流的工程算法作了对比分析。计算结果表明,DSMC方法在高超声速过渡区流动气动热计算中可以得到较好的结果,适用于高超声速过渡区流场气动热的计算与分析。  相似文献   

7.
为了研究分段履带式水陆两栖车的水动力性能,实现减阻增速,将尾翼板安装到水陆两栖车的方艉部,并开展了水池试验和仿真研究,两者的研究结果具有较好的一致性。通过仿真研究了车体的纵向重心位置、尾翼板的长度和角度对水陆两栖车阻力性能的影响,并分析了阻力成分的变化趋势。研究结果表明:车体纵向重心位置在540~560 mm 时,车体所受水阻力最小;在速度为3~5 m/s时,长度为156 mm,与水平面夹角为10°的尾翼板减阻效果最明显,相比于原裸车体的阻力,减阻率达到34.3%;加装尾翼板可以增加车体的尾部中空区长度,相当于增加了水线长,增大了长宽比。该研究表明:适当调节重心位置和优化尾翼板参数,可以有效实现水陆两栖车的减阻增速。  相似文献   

8.
高超声速气动热化学非平衡效应数值分析研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
通过数值分析研究了化学非平衡效应对气动加热问题的影响.分别以量热完全气体、单组分热完全气体和5组分化学非平衡气体为气体模型,计算了圆柱钝头的绕流流场和壁面热流密度分布,比较并分析了高温化学非平衡效应对流场特性,尤其是气动加热特性的影响.结果分析表明,高温化学非平衡效应可使激波层变薄,激波层内温度大幅下降,从而会严重影响气动热环境特性,是影响高超声速飞行器热防护设计的重要因素.  相似文献   

9.
临近空间太阳能飞行器由于苛刻的能源平衡约束,往往具有大展弦比轻质结构,使得其在低空飞行时空速过低,飞行安全性受到了显著的挑战。为了实现该类飞行器在临近空间工作点与中低空爬升过程的气动性能匹配,提出了基于主动变形的太阳能飞行器升空方案。针对性地研究了可变形飞行器的气动和推进系统建模方法,在此基础上定量分析了不同飞行器构型俯仰、滚转和偏航三个通道稳定性和操纵性。给出了从地面到高空机翼逐渐展平的升空方案,并对升空过程中各高度所需平飞推力和功率进行了校核。结果显示,该方案可以有效提升飞行器中低空稳定性和操纵性,代价是增加了功率消耗。  相似文献   

10.
吸气式高超声速巡航飞行器机身/发动机一体化特性使得气动一推进系统之间存在强的耦合作用,这种耦合影响着飞行器气动性能、稳定性和控制.针对耦合对飞行器特性的影响,建立了机身一发动机一体化模型,并进行了气动-推进界面划分.在此基础上,分别计算了高超声速巡航飞行器在进气道打开,发动机不工作以及进气道打开,发动机工作两种状态下的纵向气动特性.仿真结果揭示了高超声速巡航飞行器气动一推进系统之间的耦合以及耦合作用对飞行器气动性能、稳定性的影响.  相似文献   

11.
扭轮摩擦驱动系统研究   总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12       下载免费PDF全文
扭轮摩擦驱动是集摩擦传动和螺旋传动为一体的传动系统,它既具有摩擦传动动态特性好,同时又有螺旋传动导程小的特点。本文介绍一种扭轮摩擦驱动系统,它的导程小于0.2mm,行程为250mm,运动分辨率可达纳米级水平。它由扭轮摩擦传动机构、气体静压导轨及相关部件组成,是一种大行程高分辨率的新型驱动系统。  相似文献   

12.
本文以平均截面处参数α_1,β_2,μ, _1和m=(u_2/w_2)cosβ_2及动叶出口处扭曲规律为变量,以设计工况内效率和总重量为目标,提出了一个带有多种约束条件的径—轴流式涡轮参数多目标优化方法。所求问题为二目标有约束(二十九个)多变量(六个)非线性规划问题。介绍了用于最优设计的数学模型,给出了各种流型下径一轴流涡轮的单目标和多目标优化分析的一些结果。计算表明,所提出的方法是有效且实用的。  相似文献   

13.
针对高超声速飞行器制导过程中的通道耦合问题,设计一种基于旋量方法的三维非线性伪最优制导律。引入角度矢量、视线旋量、视线旋量速度等概念,通过等价性证明,得出视线旋量、视线旋量速度控制分别与视线方位、视线角速度控制具有一致性的结论,从而将制导问题转化为视线旋量和旋量速度的控制问题;基于旋量方法构建弹目视线旋量、视线旋量速度模型,构建得到飞行器制导的三维非线性模型;为避免直接求解Riccati微分方程过程的复杂性,引入伪控制变量,将三维非线性制导模型转化为线性制导模型;分别针对无终端约束和有终端约束情况,基于二次型最优方法得到三维非线性伪最优制导律。该制导律避免了通道解耦,其制导参数又满足一定物理意义下的最优性。仿真结果验证了所设计制导律的有效性。  相似文献   

14.
Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.  相似文献   

15.
The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.  相似文献   

16.
The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.  相似文献   

17.
In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.  相似文献   

18.
Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).  相似文献   

19.
本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。  相似文献   

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