高功率压制干扰模式下多个GPS干扰站联合部署问题

近年军用GPS导航系统广泛应用多阵元模块、自适应调零天线、组合导航等抗干扰技术,严重削弱了在役GPS干扰站作战效能,引起GPS导航对抗作战变化,而高功率宽带压制式联合干扰方法成为有效作战手段。结合山区复杂地形条件,建立单GPS干扰站高功率宽带压制干扰工作模型,使用基于线性约束的最小方程算法(LCMV)的4阵元自适应调零算法作为模拟干扰目标,对实战条件下多站部署中的站点数量、地形遮蔽、空间关系等问题进行研究,提出部署的指导原则,为GPS导航对抗作战的进行装备部署和优化提供技术支持,具有较强的理论和军事指导意义。     

海军要地防空作战指挥中飞机有效部署区域研究

在遂行海军要地防空任务时,飞机部署区域选择对防空作战有至关重要的影响。通过对防空作战指挥中飞机防空作战指挥流程分析研究,采用战术计算方法得出了防空作战中飞机有效部署区域应满足的必要条件,根据必要条件构建了线性规划模型,并通过图解法求得有效部署区域。最后对研究成果应用领域进行了分析。     

末段反导武器配系部署规划研究北大核心

反导武器战前配系部署规划是反导作战的重要环节。综合考虑武器系统、防御对象、来袭弹道目标等因素,对配系部署的影响因素进行了分析和定义,给出了重要参数的模型描述。建立了末段高低两层区域反导武器配系部署的准则,研究了对配系部署的防御能力进行评估的方法,提出了一种基于评估结果对配系部署方案进行优化的方法。通过仿真计算结果验证了部署准则和优化方法。研究成果对区域反导作战筹划具有参考意义。     

末段反导武器配系部署规划研究

反导武器战前配系部署规划是反导作战的重要环节。综合考虑武器系统、防御对象、来袭弹道目标等因素,对配系部署的影响因素进行了分析和定义,给出了重要参数的模型描述。建立了末段高低两层区域反导武器配系部署的准则,研究了对配系部署的防御能力进行评估的方法,提出了一种基于评估结果对配系部署方案进行优化的方法。通过仿真计算结果验证了部署准则和优化方法。研究成果对区域反导作战筹划具有参考意义。     

导航星座损伤模式优化分析

基于攻防对抗下的导航星座损伤模式优化分析,建立了导航星座的区域PDOP可用性优化模型,解决了不规则构型卫星星座出现较多损伤卫星时无法有效求解的问题。针对全球定位系统(GPS)和北斗卫星导航系统(BDS)进行了优化仿真和对比分析。结果表明,导航星座的轨道平面数越多,其应对出现导航星座损伤的能力越强。建立的优化模型对导航星座构型设计和应对攻防对抗中星座出现损伤具有一定参考价值。     

基于Memetic算法的要地防空兵力机动部署优化方法

兵力部署优化问题是防空作战筹划的重要研究内容之一。针对要地防空作战过程中的兵力机动调整部署问题,改进防区离散化方法得到部署方案集,将基于战场实时态势的部署方案对空防御效能作为优化目标,将机动部署过程中的机动距离作为约束,建立了防空兵力机动部署优化模型,并利用Memetic算法进行求解。仿真实验验证了优化模型的有效性和合理性,可为科学制定兵力机动部署方案提供参考。     

基于预定作业周期的航母作战部署调度研究

为科学筹划航母作战部署调度,优化航母作战兵力的运用,对航母作战部署调度问题进行建模研究。介绍航母预定作业周期,重点阐述航母综合训练期、维修保障期和人员/作战节奏等相关内容;在此基础上,分析航母作战部署调度的约束条件,在满足对作战区域有效时间覆盖条件下,以最小化航母作战兵力数量为目标函数,构建航母作战部署调度优化模型,并通过实例进行验证。结果表明,该模型是有效、实用的,可为科学决策航母作战部署调度提供依据和方法。     

城市环境中无人机作战导航定位研究现状综述

随着各大国之间城市化进程的推进,城市环境中的无人机作战将成为未来必不可少的作战手段之一。针对城市作战环境复杂和作战装备受限的特点,归纳总结了无人机导航技术的研究现状和发展趋势,并给出相应的概念、模型以及被广泛应用的算法。首先,对单无人机定位技术进行了概括总结,包括全球卫星导航系统、惯性导航系统定位、视觉/激光雷达定位、无线传感网定位和融合定位等,上述定位方法能够在城市环境中表现出高精度和鲁棒性的特点;然后,为了解决单无人机在执行任务方面效率低、冗余低、易受干扰的特点,对无人机集群导航定位进行了介绍,主要包括全球导航卫星系统拒止下的导航定位、非视距及多径效应下的导航定位、基于无线传感网和视觉冗余的融合定位等,其中涉及导航恢复及导航增强等内容。最后,面对城市的复杂环境,提出了无人机导航定位技术的未来研究方向,分别为传感器的优化、无人机集群通信和多传感器融合,指出了未来的研究方向和面临的挑战。     

基于舰队对抗的军用卫星效能仿真研究

军用卫星系统作为一种重要的作战信息资源,在高技术战争中发挥越来越重要的作用。为了分析和研究卫星系统在作战中的应用以及对作战效能的影响,这里我们针对一个舰队对抗的作战想定,研究了侦察卫星、通信卫星、导航定位卫星系统在作战中的应用模式,并结合仿真实验,对三种卫星系统对作战效能的影响进行了定性和定量的分析。     

战时空军装备调配保障优化模型

战时空军装备调配保障质量的优劣,直接影响和制约作战的进程与结局。立足于作战,考虑在保证作战任务顺利完成的情况下,所需调配的装备数量。从任务变化、装备作战单元组合以及部署方案三个方面,建立空军装备调配保障优化模型。这些模型可以为制定战时调配保障的装备补充计划、筹措计划以及储备计划等提供定量分析的思路。     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

Country survey XVI the defence sector in the economy of a declining superpower: Soviet Union and Russia, 1965-2001

The Soviet Union was able to develop a large military-industrial complex and become the world's second superpower despite deficiencies in its centrally planned economy because defence was given high priority status and special planning, rationing and administrative mechanisms were used to attain national security objectives. However, in the period 1976-85 the effectiveness of priority protection diminished and defence institutions experienced more of the problems typical of the shortage economic system. The heavy defence burden also created growing difficulties for the civilian economy. The attempts by the Gorbachev government to reform the defence sector and improve defence-economic relationships during perestroika (1985-91) uniformly failed. For most of the transition period, the Russian military-industrial complex has been adversely affected by its low priority status, cuts in defence spending, instability of the hybrid politico-economic system, and negative growth of the economy. The armed forces and defence industry have been reduced in size and their outputs of military services and equipment have fallen to low levels. Nevertheless, the Russian armed forces still have over one million troops, significant stocks of sophisticated conventional weapons, and a large nuclear arsenal. The government of President Putin has raised the priority of the defence sector, increased real defence spending, and adopted ambitious plans to revive Russian military power. It is likely, though, that tight resource constraints will hamper efforts to reform the armed forces and to upgrade weapons. By 2010 Russia will be an important, but not dominant, military power in Eurasia.     

Traffickers,terrorists, and a ‘new security challenge’: Russian counternarcotics strategy and the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade

The collapse of the Soviet Union precipitated the massive expansion of drug use and trade in Russia. The country now has one of the largest populations of injecting drug users in the world and has become the largest single-country market for Afghan heroin. In 2003 the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade was created to coordinate a comprehensive counternarcotics strategy appropriate to the scale of this threat. The service continues to face a number of challenges in its early stages of development. However, it has made considerable advances in improving responses to large-scale organised crime and in building international cooperation.