多比特信息分布式检测优化研究

本文拓展了通常意义下多传感器组网分布式检测模型,允许各传感器向融合中心传输多比特信息。给出了Ｋｕｌｌｂａｃｋ分辨率意义下,确定最优多比特信息的方法,以利于改善系统检测性能。数值结果表明,多比特信息分布式检测方案是可行的。     

矩阵幂级数收敛的一种判定方法

本文指出文献（１）中关于矩阵幂级数ΣＫ＝０ Ａ＾Ｋ收敛的一个错误命题,给出ΣＫ＝０ Ａ＾Ｋ收敛的一个有重要理论与实用价值的定理,并讨论一般矩阵幂级数ΣＫ＝０ ａｋＡ＾ｋ收敛的必要以及充分条件。     

允许拒绝的秘书问题

本文考虑了一类特殊的秘书问题,每一名候选的姑娘都因某种理由以一定概率拒绝入选,而且假定这个拒绝概率只与候选人的绝对名次有关。本文给出了这一问题的最优停止规则,推广了文献[2]的结果。     

可招回秘书问题

可招回秘书问题已由Yang,Petrucceol,Choe及Bal研究过。本文将这个问题纳入Snell框架,用相对最好者的位置函数Wn代替通常的相对名次,我们得到了各种招回概率下的最优停止规则,这些结果推广了文[7]—[9]。     

群体决策的 αk-较多规则

借助αｋ较多序的概念,给出了一种群体决策的决策规则,称作αｋ较多规则,利用该规则可对供选方案进行选优。验证了它满足Ａｒｒｏｗ公理的一致性、独立性、非加强性和非独裁性。讨论了群体最优解的存在性条件。本法有着灵活、有效的优点。     

美国海军的下一代防空武器

（１）下一代单舰防空武器系统——阿基塔（ＡＫＣＩＴＡ）阿基塔系统不仅对现有威胁,对未来威胁也有对抗能力。而且为降低寿命成本,阿基塔系统的开发将对探测装置、武器控制装置和作战武器进行通用化设计和结构模块化设计,根据需要组成系统,各种探测器和武器系统可以无限制地组合。阿基塔Ｂｌｏｃｋ０可以用现在的霍伊多比·爱兰多级ＬＳＤ多库型登陆舰载自卫防御武器系统ＳＳＤＳ·ＭＫ１构成的单舰防御系统定义。该Ｂｌｏｃｋ０的提高等级计划,将装备ＲＡＭ发射架和开发中的有源电波假目标“奴尔卡”等。阿基塔ＢｌｏｃｋⅠ将综合协…     

黄埔军校初期的秘书工作

黄埔军校初期的秘书工作是中国新式军队秘书工作的开端,其秘书机构设置分为四个层次,六个种类,职责分工比较明确.突出特点是国民党和共产党都派重要人物参与秘书工作,秘书机构层次分明,职能划分明确.     

病态线性回归模型系数的0─c型岭估计

针对病态线性模型病态的实质,提出回归系数的０－ｃ型岭估计。首先研究它的均方误差的最优化问题,给出了参数的最优值或最优值的一个上界和下界,证明可以选择参数,使它在均方误差的意义下优于ＬＳ估计。其次,研究它的偏差,证明存在０－ｃ型岭估计优于ＬＳ估计,且比岭估计β（ｋ）具有较小偏差。最后证明它的可容许性,并讨论在实用中它的岭参数选择方法的优点。     

辽沈、平津战役时我给林彪当秘书(上)

一、我不愿意去当秘书1948年春,我在中共中央东北局巡视团(高岗、张闻天分任正副团长)工作,这个巡视团从组建到撤销大约三个多月时间。东北局决定撤消巡视团后,我琢磨可能把我分配到什么地方去工作。有一天,蔡黎(张闻天的秘书)跑来找我,说洛甫(张闻天,时任东北局副秘书长)有事要我去一下。我去以后,洛甫对我说:“今天找你来是谈一下你的工作调动问题。准备让你去给林彪(时任东北局书记、东北军区司令员兼政委、东北野战军司令员)当秘书,管政务方面的事情。至于生活、警卫方面另有一个秘书管。你看怎么样?”我事前一点思想准备也没有,但洛甫…     

秘书工作随想

秘书工作是机关工作的重要组成部分。做一个称职的秘书并非易事,需要具备方方面面的能力。超前工作不被动。作决策是首长的核心工作,秘书要有很强的超前意识,善于发现问题、分析问题,适时掌握时机,主动为领导决策提供先期服务保障,力求考虑问题早半拍,避免事到临     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

Country survey XVI the defence sector in the economy of a declining superpower: Soviet Union and Russia, 1965-2001

The Soviet Union was able to develop a large military-industrial complex and become the world's second superpower despite deficiencies in its centrally planned economy because defence was given high priority status and special planning, rationing and administrative mechanisms were used to attain national security objectives. However, in the period 1976-85 the effectiveness of priority protection diminished and defence institutions experienced more of the problems typical of the shortage economic system. The heavy defence burden also created growing difficulties for the civilian economy. The attempts by the Gorbachev government to reform the defence sector and improve defence-economic relationships during perestroika (1985-91) uniformly failed. For most of the transition period, the Russian military-industrial complex has been adversely affected by its low priority status, cuts in defence spending, instability of the hybrid politico-economic system, and negative growth of the economy. The armed forces and defence industry have been reduced in size and their outputs of military services and equipment have fallen to low levels. Nevertheless, the Russian armed forces still have over one million troops, significant stocks of sophisticated conventional weapons, and a large nuclear arsenal. The government of President Putin has raised the priority of the defence sector, increased real defence spending, and adopted ambitious plans to revive Russian military power. It is likely, though, that tight resource constraints will hamper efforts to reform the armed forces and to upgrade weapons. By 2010 Russia will be an important, but not dominant, military power in Eurasia.     

Traffickers,terrorists, and a ‘new security challenge’: Russian counternarcotics strategy and the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade

The collapse of the Soviet Union precipitated the massive expansion of drug use and trade in Russia. The country now has one of the largest populations of injecting drug users in the world and has become the largest single-country market for Afghan heroin. In 2003 the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade was created to coordinate a comprehensive counternarcotics strategy appropriate to the scale of this threat. The service continues to face a number of challenges in its early stages of development. However, it has made considerable advances in improving responses to large-scale organised crime and in building international cooperation.