海水集料混凝土单轴受压力学特性试验研究

进行不同SAP体积分数和不同龄期下海水集料混凝土的单轴受压应力-应变全曲线试验,分析龄期和SAP体积分数对海水集料混凝土抗压强度、峰值应变、残余强度和弹性模量的影响。结果表明:SAP体积分数在30%以内时,不同龄期海水集料混凝土的破坏形式均为劈裂破坏;海水集料混凝土内部完全干燥时,其极限应变和残余强度均大于普通混凝土;海水集料混凝土的极限应变可视为弹性极限应变,可将其应力-应变全曲线分为上升段、下降段和平台段分别进行拟合。     

海水集料混凝土基本力学性能试验研究

海水集料混凝土是利用球形高性能吸水树脂及水泥基质制备而成的新型多孔混凝土材料,以孔隙率为变量,对海水集料混凝土进行基本力学性能试验,建立了孔隙率与抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度、抗折强度、弹性模量之间的经验公式,结果表明海水集料混凝土立方体受压破坏形式受孔隙率影响较为明显,孔隙率为35%及以下时表现为劈裂破坏,35%以上时表现为剪切破坏。     

高韧性水泥基复合材料拉伸试验与正交分析

利用正交试验设计原理,对9组不同配合比的高韧性水泥基复合材料进行了直接拉伸试验,研究了粉煤灰掺量、水胶比、砂胶比和减水剂掺量这4种因素对高韧性水泥基复合材料极限拉应变的影响。试验结果表明:高韧性水泥基复合材料的极限拉应变远大于普通混凝土,具有优异的韧性;各因素对材料极限拉应变影响的主次顺序为水胶比粉煤灰掺量减水剂掺量砂胶比,其中水胶比的影响远大于其他因素;材料的极限拉应变随着水胶比或粉煤灰掺量的提高而增大,但砂胶比和减水剂掺量的影响规律不明显。     

碳纤维混凝土单轴受压应力-应变本构关系

碳纤维混凝土受压应力-应变全曲线研究是对其基本力学性能进行全面认识的基础,也是表现碳纤维混凝土基本受压特性的综合宏观反映。对9组（碳纤维体积分数分别为0,0.2%,0.4%,0.6%,0.8%,1.0%,1.2%,1.4%,1.6%）碳纤维混凝土试件进行了立方体和棱柱体抗压强度试验,结果表明碳纤维混凝土立方体和棱柱体抗压强度随碳纤维体积分数的增加呈下降趋势,峰值应变随碳纤维体积分数的增加呈增大趋势。基于各体积分数碳纤维混凝土的棱柱体抗压强度和峰值应变的试验数据,拟合得到了棱柱体抗压强度和峰值应变与体积分数之间的函数表达式。利用微机控制电液伺服压力试验机测定了9组碳纤维混凝土应力-应变全曲线,参照非线弹性理论的混凝土单轴受压应力-应变本构模型,根据测得的全曲线应力-应变数据,拟合得到了应力-应变全曲线上升段表达式参数和下降段表达式参数,最后给出了基于碳纤维体积分数变化的碳纤维混凝土单轴受压应力-应变本构方程。     

非金筋材海水集料混凝土梁正截面承载力分析与试验研究

对非金筋材海水集料混凝土梁正截面承载力设计方法进行了研究,基于刚度控制和蠕变特性分析了梁构件的受弯性能,提出非金筋材海水集料混凝土梁的设计建议以及其极限弯矩、开裂弯矩的建议计算公式。制作4根6 m长的碳-玻纤维筋海水集料混凝土梁,采用两点加载的方式进行弯曲试验,研究了非金筋材海水集料混凝土梁的破坏形式及受弯变形性能,测定了梁构件的开裂荷载和极限荷载值,结果表明设计建议合理,方法具有适用性,承载力计算值与试验结果吻合较好。     

活性粉末混凝土200（RPC200）的配制试验研究

进行了活性粉末混凝土(RPC)的配制试验,通过5批试件分别探讨砂灰比、石英粉、硅灰、水胶比和钢纤维等因素单值变化时对RPC流动度以及抗折强度、抗压强度的影响.研究表明:在常规制作工艺条件下,配制出抗压强度和抗折强度分别为145.6 MPa和26.68MPa的无纤维RPC;当钢纤维含量为6%时,RPC的抗压强度和抗折强度分别达到了201.3MPa和73.67 MPa.     

高渗高强混凝土材料强度特性试验及参数确定

高渗高强混凝土是一种兼具高渗透性和高强度的新材料,用在离壁式地下工程中既能确保通畅地排除围岩周边地下水,又能提高地下工程结构自身的强度,充分发挥其减震层的作用。通过正交试验得出影响材料单轴抗压强度与抗劈裂强度的4个因素的排序,结果显示:对抗压强度与抗劈裂强度影响最大的2个因素是灰集比与水灰比,聚灰比对抗劈裂强度的影响也较为明显。从材料一点的三向应力状态出发,通过对试验结果的计算得到岩土工程中广泛运用的内摩擦角和黏聚力等强度参数,经回归分析发现材料的黏聚力与抗压强度之间符合线性增长关系,该结果可以直接为岩土工程数值计算中的数据应用提供依据。     

硼砂对磷酸镁水泥性能影响及微观作用机理分析

研究了硼砂对磷酸镁水泥凝结时间与抗压强度的影响,分析了硼砂对水泥性能影响的微观作用机制.研究发现:随着硼砂对MgO质量分数增加,磷酸镁水泥凝结时间延长,其早期抗压强度迅速降低,后期抗压强度所受影响相对较小;磷酸镁水泥应用于快速修补及抢修抢建时,硼砂质量为氧化镁质量的5％～10％为宜;硼砂对磷酸镁水泥水化产物的早期生成量...     

珊瑚骨料混凝土基本力学性能试验研究

针对珊瑚混凝土的结构化应用,在海水拌养珊瑚混凝土配合比优化研究的基础上,进行了珊瑚混凝土基本力学性能的试验研究,试验测试了珊瑚混凝土立方体抗压强度、轴心抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度以及弹性模量等基本力学性能参数指标,分析得到了各参数指标间的相互关系,为下一步珊瑚骨料混凝土构件性能研究与结构理论设计提供了基本依据。     

大温差条件下碳纤维混凝土无约束变形试验

为了研究碳纤维、聚酯纤维对混凝土在自由条件下的约束作用,通过设计对碳纤维混凝土、聚酯纤维混凝土和素混凝土加热放热试验,比较掺入不同纤维体积分数的纤维混凝土在大温差条件下无约束自由变形的差异,并用温度线膨胀系数表达。对试验数据进行分析,得到体积分数为1%的碳纤维混凝土比素混凝土抗自由变形能力提高了38.8%,在本试验的各种体积分数中效果最好。结果表明碳纤维与混凝土,虽然热力学性能不同,但是二者结合之后碳纤维因其高弹性模量的特性,反而可以更好地抑制混凝土自由变形。试验效果也表明,随着施工工艺的完善,碳纤维体积分数可能会超过1%,碳纤维对混凝土性能的提升仍然有很大的帮助。     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

The UK,interrogation and Iraq, 2003–2008

The UK’s interrogation operations during the conflict in Iraq (2003–2008) are often portrayed by the media as involving significant amounts of mistreatment. This article demonstrates that these practices are not necessarily representative of the UK’s interrogation operations across this conflict. In doing so it contributes to the limited literature on the practice of interrogation and on the UK’s combat operations in Iraq. The UK’s interrogation capability, and therefore its intelligence-gathering capability, is shown to have rested primarily with the military’s Joint Forward Interrogation Team (JFIT). The JFIT suffered from limitations to the number, training and experience of its interrogators and interpreters. It is argued that maintaining a permanent, higher level of preparedness for interrogation by the British armed forces is desirable.     

Remembering and forgetting Mirambo: Histories of war in modern Africa

ABSTRACT

While the study of organised violence is considered essential to understanding the history of the West, and accordingly imbued with various layers of meaning and remembrance, war is widely regarded as inimical to the modern nation in Africa and stable development more broadly. Using examples drawn from primarily from East Africa, this paper considers the ways in which warfare in the deeper (‘precolonial’) past has been framed and envisioned in recent decades, in particular by governments whose own roots lie in revolutionary armed struggle and who began life as guerrilla movements. While in some cases particular elements of the deeper past were indeed mobilised in pursuit of contemporary political goals, in many other scenarios histories of precolonial violence were beheld as problematic and unworthy of remembrance. This paper highlights the paradox and ambiguity which has attended the memory of key aspects of Africa’s deeper past.     

SIM—LISP:一个通信网络管理专家系统外壳的设计与实现

本文介绍了笔者为开发名为OONMES的网络管理专家系统所实现的一个简单专家系统工具SIM-LISP。SIM-LISP是一个用C/C++语言来实现的模拟LISP语言的可调用函数集,它短小精巧,速度快,可以完成针对网管专家系统的事实或规则知识的表示、匹配、合一和推理等基本操作,并有与知识对象的连接功能,是网管专家系统内核实现的支撑环境。     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

Al Qaida on the US invasion of Afghanistan in their own words

This article consists of selected translations from captured interviews and dairies of Al Qaida members. The time period covered is from mid-2001 to early 2002 and concerns their operations in Afghanistan. The material clearly conveys a range of emotion, from confident to despondent, as well as efforts to contest the US actions. The first several pages give the reader context and some possible “lessons learned,” but the story(ies) are best told by the Al Qaida members themselves. All names are pseudonyms.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.