模块化设计方法在洗消装备设计中的应用探讨

介绍了模块化设计的发展、概念以及模块化设计的过程和步骤。以水基洗消装备为例分析了模块化设计方法在洗消装备设计中的应用,其中针对洗消装备功能分析、模块划分、模块接口等重要环节进行了具体阐述。提出了进行防化洗消装备模块化研究工作的建议。     

恩格斯《克里木战争》的军事学术

恩格斯在克里木战争期间,发表了《克里木战争》等有关这次战争的军事论文,多达80余篇。这些论文分析和评论了这场战争,阐述了一系列重要的军事科学原理。其中关于集中兵力与分散兵力、进攻与防御、追击与退却等论述,具有相当高的军事学术水平,在理论和实践上都具有重要意义。     

水体富营养化危害、成因及防治

水体富营养化严重影响人类健康、可用水量、水体经济价值和水体寿命,而大量污水超标排放、农业面源污染、水产养殖业失当、周边环境恶化和底泥氮磷溶出是其形成主因。在治理和恢复富营养化水体的实践中,必须强化污染预防意识,从源头上削减污染负荷,同时选用切实可行、系统协调、针对性强的政策和措施并长期坚持实施,才能起到事半功倍的效果。     

On the polyhedral structure of two‐level lot‐sizing problems with supplier selection

In this article, we study a two‐level lot‐sizing problem with supplier selection (LSS), which is an NP‐hard problem arising in different production planning and supply chain management applications. After presenting various formulations for LSS, and computationally comparing their strengths, we explore the polyhedral structure of one of these formulations. For this formulation, we derive several families of strong valid inequalities, and provide conditions under which they are facet‐defining. We show numerically that incorporating these valid inequalities within a branch‐and‐cut framework leads to significant improvements in computation. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 647–666, 2017     

恩格斯《印度起义》的军事学术

恩格斯对1857—1859年间印度起义中的要塞战与游击战的军事学术问题作了精辟论述,丰富和发展了马克思主义的战争理论和战略战术思想。本文对此进行了分析与阐述。     

法兰西内战与马克思的军事哲学

1871年3-5月的法兰西内战,在战争史上占有重要地位。马克思通过总结这一内战,特别是巴黎公社的经验教训,发展了马克思主义关于无产阶级革命和无产阶级专政的学说。同时,马克思对巴黎公社这个“在特殊条件下的一个城市起义”,就其军事斗争,在军事哲学理论方面,即关于进攻与防御（“应该立即向当时毫无防御能力的凡尔赛进军”）、革命与团结（“革命应当是团结的”）、专政与军队（“无产阶级专政的首要条件是无产阶级的军队”）,作了极其精辟的论述。     

线性弹道模型建立与仿真

对6自由度刚体弹道模型进行了线性化,得到了线性弹道方程组。求解线性弹道方程组得到其解析解,并给出详细求解过程。以6自由度刚体弹道模型为基准,在不同射角条件下用6自由度刚体弹道模型和线性弹道模型进行了弹道仿真。仿真结果表明:该线性弹道模型能满足工程精度要求,它模型简单,弹道计算方便快速,在弹道滤波处理中可作为卡尔曼滤波模型,也可作为弹道快速模型用于简易制导弹箭预测控制系统设计。     

Timing of information acquisition in a competitive environment

This article investigates the impact of timing on sellers' information acquisition strategies in a duopoly setting. Market uncertainty is captured by a representative consumer who has a private taste for the product's horizontal attribute, and both sellers can acquire this information either before (ex‐ante acquisition) or after (ex‐post acquisition) observing their own product qualities. We identify several conflicting effects of information acquisition that vary significantly in its timing and market characteristics. In the monopoly scenario, information acquisition is unambiguously beneficial and ex‐ante acquisition is the dominant option, because it helps a seller not only design the proper product but also craft better pricing strategy. By contrast, when there is competition, information acquisition eliminates the buffer role of market uncertainty and leads to the fiercest production or pricing competition, which makes the subsequent effects of acquisition detrimental, and a seller's payoff is nonmonotonic in terms of its acquisition cost. Moreover, compared with the ex‐ante information acquisition, ex‐post information acquisition normally generates higher sellers' equilibrium payoffs by postponing the timing of acquisition and maintaining product differentiation. Nonetheless, ex‐post information acquisition also provides the seller with greater acquisition incentive and occasionally makes him worse off than that in the ex‐ante scenario. Thus, in a competitive environment, having the option of information acquisition and flexibility in its timing can be both detrimental and irresistible. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 3–22, 2016     

有机混合物体系的介电亚微相态特征

以壬酸、油酸、新润滑油及对应的氧化润滑油为分散样品,以-10号军用柴油为分散介质,在施加64 V直流偏置电压和长时间静置的条件下,介电谱分析技术表征的不同分散体系的介电亚微相态变化规律为:0.3 m L分散样品与3 m L分散介质形成的均匀分散体系的介电谱实部响应数据与柴油分散介质几乎没有差异;壬酸和油酸均匀分散体系与柴油分散介质的介电谱虚部响应数据差异极小,新润滑油和对应氧化润滑油形成的均匀分散体系与柴油分散介质的介电虚部响应数据有明显差异。0.3 m L分散样品在3 m L分散介质中分散时,壬酸、油酸、新润滑油及对应的氧化润滑油体系的介电谱实部和虚部响应数据与柴油分散介质之间的差异具有不同特点,且施加直流偏置电压对分散过程有较大促进作用。研究结果证明,介电谱能够较好地表征不同分散体系的介电亚微相态特征。     

Information disclosure with endogenous channel structure

This article investigates the firms' optimal quality information disclosure strategies in a supply chain, wherein the supplier may encroach into the retail channel to sell products directly to end consumers. We consider two disclosure formats, namely, retailer disclosure (R-C) and supplier disclosure (S-C), and examine the optimal disclosure format from each firm's perspective. We show that either firm prefers to delegate the disclosure option to its partner when the supplier cannot encroach. However, the threat of supplier encroachment dramatically alters the firm's preference of disclosure. The supplier may prefer the S-C format to the R-C format when the entry cost is low and the disclosure cost is high to achieve a higher quality information transparency. Meanwhile, the retailer may prefer the R-C format to the S-C format when the entry cost is intermediate to deter the possible encroachment of the supplier. In this sense, the firms' preferences of disclosure format can be aligned due to the threat of supplier encroachment. The consumer surplus is always higher under the S-C format while either disclosure format can lead to a higher social welfare. We also consider an alternative scenario under which the supplier encroaches after the product quality information is disclosed. An interesting observation appears that the supplier may encroach when the product quality is low but foregoes encroachment when the product quality gets higher.