神经规则与案例融合的专家系统知识表示和推理

为了对专家系统中的知识进行表示,并使得推理变得更加准确高效,介绍了一种结合符号规则、神经网络和案例的方法。该方法是把一种混合规则,即神经规则和案例结合在一起。它与传统的基于符号规则推理不同的是,即使有一些未知的输入,也可以执行基于神经规则的推理。实验证明,与传统的专家系统比较,混合推理可以提高故障诊断的效率和精确度。     

时间序列分析中的模型定阶策略

模型的定阶问题是时间序列分析(包括参数谱估计、系统辨识,回归分析)研究领域中的一个重要问题。本文对现有的数种模型定阶方法,进行了分析、讨论和归纳,指出了它们所适用的场合及优劣。     

An adaptive forecasting algorithm and inventory policy for products with short life cycles

Products with short life cycles are becoming increasingly common in many industries, such as the personal computer (PC) and mobile phone industries. Traditional forecasting methods and inventory policies can be inappropriate for forecasting demand and managing inventory for a product with a short life cycle because they usually do not take into account the characteristics of the product life cycle. This can result in inaccurate forecasts, high inventory cost, and low service levels. Besides, many forecasting methods require a significant demand history, which is available only after the product has been sold for some time. In this paper, we present an adaptive forecasting algorithm with two characteristics. First, it uses structural knowledge on the product life cycle to model the demand. Second, it combines knowledge on the demand that is available prior to the launch of the product with actual demand data that become available after the introduction of the product to generate and update demand forecasts. Based on the forecasting algorithm, we develop an optimal inventory policy. Since the optimal inventory policy is computationally expensive, we propose three heuristics and show in a numerical study that one of the heuristics generates near‐optimal solutions. The evaluation of our approach is based on demand data from a leading PC manufacturer in the United States, where the forecasting algorithm has been implemented. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004.     

影响水下距离选通激光图像光学相关识别的若干因素

针对水下距离选通激光图像光学相关识别技术的应用,研究了引起图像畸变从而导致光学相关识别相关峰输出效率降低的若干因素,并通过实验的方法采集了不同系统参数设置下的激光成像图片,然后采用相位匹配的方法对图片进行相关性分析,同时应用PCE、Disc等指标联合评价输出的相关峰质量,从而衡量各因素所引起的成像畸变对光学相关识别性能的影响程度.MATLAB软件仿真结果证明:激光单脉冲能量、ICCD增益、成像距离等因素变化均会引起图像相位特征畸变,导致相关识别鉴别率降低.该结果可为建立水下距离选通成像系统控制模型和设计匹配滤波器提供参考.     

多爆炸成型弹丸性能参数灰关联分析

为了获得各参数对多爆炸成型弹丸毁伤性能的影响程度,以EFP速度和MEFP发散角为参考序列,以药型罩和装药参数为比较序列,运用灰关联理论对影响MEFP毁伤性能的参数进行了灰关联分析。在此基础上,应用灰关联分析结果完成了MEFP战斗部优化设计。结果表明:在较少样本空间前提下,采用灰关联理论可以分析获得影响多爆炸成型弹丸毁伤性能的各因素主次关系,而且经过优化后的MEFP战斗部,大大地提高了EFP的集聚性和毁伤性能。     

RBAC模型中角色继承的改进

由于角色分层与组织结构无关,导致权限继承不能依赖于系统的组织.提出继承域的概念,建立基于继承域的角色层次模型,给出改进模型的定义、继承规则、约束条件和角色权限求解算法.实例证明改进模型能清晰地反映系统的组织结构,解决权限继承问题.域属性的引入使得角色的层次结构和权限的分级管理简单有效.     

Dynamic capacity reservation and due date quoting in a make‐to‐order system

We consider a make‐to‐order manufacturer facing random demand from two classes of customers. We develop an integrated model for reserving capacity in anticipation of future order arrivals from high priority customers and setting due dates for incoming orders. Our research exhibits two distinct features: (1) we explicitly model the manufacturer's uncertainty about the customers' due date preferences for future orders; and (2) we utilize a service level measure for reserving capacity rather than estimating short and long term implications of due date quoting with a penalty cost function. We identify an interesting effect (“t‐pooling”) that arises when the (partial) knowledge of customer due date preferences is utilized in making capacity reservation and order allocation decisions. We characterize the relationship between the customer due date preferences and the required reservation quantities and show that not considering the t‐pooling effect (as done in traditional capacity and inventory rationing literature) leads to excessive capacity reservations. Numerical analyses are conducted to investigate the behavior and performance of our capacity reservation and due date quoting approach in a dynamic setting with multiple planning horizons and roll‐overs. One interesting and seemingly counterintuitive finding of our analyses is that under certain conditions reserving capacity for high priority customers not only improves high priority fulfillment, but also increases the overall system fill rate. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

The effects of model parameter deviations on the variance of a linearly filtered time series

We consider a general linear filtering operation on an autoregressive moving average (ARMA) time series. The variance of the filter output, which is an important quantity in many applications, is not known with certainty because it depends on the true ARMA parameters. We derive an expression for the sensitivity (i.e., the partial derivative) of the output variance with respect to deviations in the model parameters. The results provide insight into the robustness of many common statistical methods that are based on linear filtering and also yield approximate confidence intervals for the output variance. We discuss applications to time series forecasting, statistical process control, and automatic feedback control of industrial processes. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010     

坦克分队战术仿真训练系统的设计与实现

分布交互式作战仿真系统通过网络把不同的模拟单元连接在一起,为受训人员提供虚拟的作战训练环境,系统的运行成本低,能提供比实战演习更多的训练环境和内容.为了满足我军坦克兵部队战术训练的实际需要,设计开发了坦克分队战术仿真训练系统.讨论了该系统的设计与开发,首先介绍系统的总体结构和功能,然后详细讨论系统具体设计和实现.该系统已推广部队使用,应用效果良好.     

New inequalities for finite and infinite group problems from approximate lifting

In this paper, we derive new families of facet‐defining inequalities for the finite group problem and extreme inequalities for the infinite group problem using approximate lifting. The new valid inequalities for the finite group problem include two‐ and three‐slope facet‐defining inequalities as well as the first family of four‐slope facet‐defining inequalities. The new valid inequalities for the infinite group problem include families of two‐ and three‐slope extreme inequalities. These new inequalities not only illustrate the diversity of strong inequalities for the finite and infinite group problems, but also provide a large variety of new cutting planes for solving integer and mixed‐integer programming problems. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008