Nonperiodic preventive maintenance for repairable systems

As a complex system with multiple components usually deteriorates with age, preventive maintenance (PM) is often performed to keep the system functioning in a good state to prolong its effective age. In this study, a nonhomogeneous Poisson process with a power law failure intensity is used to describe the deterioration of a repairable system, and the optimal nonperiodic PM schedule can be determined to minimize the expected total cost per unit time. However, since the determination of such optimal PM policies may involve numerous uncertainties, which typically make the analyses difficult to perform because of the scarcity of data, a Bayesian decision model, which utilizes all available information effectively, is also proposed for determining the optimal PM strategies. A numerical example with a real failure data set is used to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The results show that the optimal schedules derived by Bayesian approach are relatively more conservative than that for non‐Bayesian approach because of the uncertainty of the intensity function, and if the intensity function are updated using the collected data set, which indicates more severe deterioration than the prior belief, replacing the entire system instead of frequent PM activities before serious deterioration is suggested. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010     

Approximation results for min‐max path cover problems in vehicle routing

This article studies a min‐max path cover problem, which is to determine a set of paths for k capacitated vehicles to service all the customers in a given weighted graph so that the largest path cost is minimized. The problem has wide applications in vehicle routing, especially when the minimization of the latest service completion time is a critical performance measure. We have analyzed four typical variants of this problem, where the vehicles have either unlimited or limited capacities, and they start from either a given depot or any depot of a given depot set. We have developed approximation algorithms for these four variants, which achieve approximation ratios of max{3 ‐ 2/k,2}, 5, max{5 ‐ 2/k,4}, and 7, respectively. We have also analyzed the approximation hardness of these variants by showing that, unless P = NP , it is impossible for them to achieve approximation ratios less than 4/3, 3/2, 3/2, and 2, respectively. We have further extended the techniques and results developed for this problem to other min‐max vehicle routing problems.© 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010     

坦克炮控系统非线性特性及自适应补偿控制

影响坦克炮控系统低速性能主要有两个方面的因素,摩擦非线性和齿隙非线性。建立了坦克炮控系统数学模型,介绍了坦克炮控系统中摩擦、齿隙两类重要非线性模型,分析了摩擦、齿隙对炮控系统性能的影响,以及摩擦非线性环节导致系统低速时的爬行现象、速度过零时的平顶现象;齿隙非线性环节造成系统输出误差外,系统会因极限环振荡或冲击而降低性能,甚至不稳定,总结了炮控系统中针对摩擦、齿隙等非线性环节的自适应补偿控制的研究成果。     

远距离干扰下的被动侦察雷达功能仿真

对雷达探测能力的仿真往往是武器系统作战效能仿真中重要的一部分,功能仿真由于其方法简单、使用方便、速度快,比较适合较大对抗系统中对雷达探测能力的仿真。将被动侦察雷达功能进行分解并进行有机地结合,介绍了主要模块的数学模型,通过仿真实验对远距离支援干扰条件下的被动侦察雷达进行功能仿真,结果表明该方法具有较好的结果和较大的灵活性。     

基于重力加速度的自对准算法在摇摆台上的验证

摇摆基座条件下陀螺和加速度计测量的地球自转角速度和重力加速度受到了摇摆运动的干扰,无法根据陀螺和加速度计的输出直接获得初始姿态矩阵。针对这一问题,通过验证实验证明了基于重力加速度的对准算法的有效性,并依据实验结果从理论上对该方法的对准误差进行了分析,提出了进一步提高对准精度的措施。     

以变革的视角推进国防动员创新发展

国防动员作为一个重大的战略问题,必须适应未来战争和时代需求不断发展变化。本文重点从发展方向、基本平台、主要途径、功能拓展和组织模式上,以灵敏的视角、创新的思维,对全面推进国防动员创新发展进行了较为系统的阐述。     

未知火药剖析技术的探讨

火药是各类武器装备火力系统不可缺少的重要组成部分,随着武器装备的发展,产生了品种繁多的未知火药。未知火药作为一种特殊的未知物,其剖析技术囊括了预处理技术、定性技术和定量技术。     

军事供应链不确定性产生机理研究

军事供应链中不可避免地存在不确定性。构建了军事供应链不确定性产生机理的概念模型,从需求、供应、环境三个方面分析了军事供应链不确定性产生的原因,同时,对军事供应链中可能存在的各种不确定性进行了讨论,明确了加剧不确定性影响的因素是军事供应链系统的复杂性。具体表现为军事供应链成员交互关系的复杂性和军事供应链网络结构的复杂性。提出正是由于这两个原因的存在,对军事供应链的保障性能产生了巨大的影响。     

基于激光雷达的高炉回旋区深度探测研究

炼铁高炉回旋区深度的直接探测存在较大困难,提出了一种基于激光雷达的回旋区边缘探测方法。探测得到的回波信号存在较大噪声干扰,为提取边缘回波信号,首先对噪声特点进行分析,判明噪声包括白噪声和1/fγ非平稳随机噪声;由此采用多小波平移不变算法进行滤波处理;采用H ilbert-Huang变换对滤波后的信号进行处理,对其瞬时能量进行分析。由于回旋区边缘表现出较为强烈的局部能量,从能量谱中可较好地提取回旋区边缘信号。试验表明,采用激光雷达探测回旋区的深度,能较为真实地反映高炉回旋区的真实状态,其值较计算建模方法更可靠。进一步的研究可望得到回旋区的二维或三维形貌。     

DSP系统中WatchDog与UART的FPGA实现

卫星话音通信设备广泛采用了DSP+FPGA的系统结构。为了保证话音通信的工作模式随业务变化作自适应切换,需要和UART监控信道随时交换信息;同时,为保障系统安全可靠工作,还需采用故障监控WatchDog电路。文中研究了WatchDog和UART的FPGA设计实现过程,区别于传统方案中使用专用芯片MAX6701、TL16C550分别实现WatchDog、UART功能,直接利用声码板上现成的FPGA芯片Lattice 4256V-10T100I实现上述两功能,并在话音处理系统中进行了硬件测试。结果表明:与传统方案相比,文中方案具有资源利用率高、体积轻便、功耗低、系统配置方便等优点。