KL散度多模块滑动窗口慢特征分析的故障诊断方法

针对传统分块方法根据经验划分子块导致变量特征信息无法充分利用,其单一的建模方式忽略局部信息以及离线模型无法适应时变特性的问题,提出了一种KL (Kullback-Leibler)散度多模块滑动窗口慢特征分析方法。在正常工况数据集中,利用KL散度来度量变量间的距离,同时引入最小误差平方和准则进行聚类,分成两个距离最小的子模块;在此基础上利用慢特征分析方法对每个子模块进行建模,结合滑动窗口对每次采样的数据进行更新,得到最优模型,分别计算监测统计信息,利用支持向量数据描述对故障监测结果进行融合,实现故障诊断。并将该方法应用于田纳西伊斯曼过程的监控中,得到了较高的故障检测率和较低的虚警率,验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。     

基于稀疏贝叶斯学习的扩展目标雷达关联成像*

雷达关联成像不依赖于雷达与目标的相对运动,是一种高分辨凝视成像方式。传统的关联成像方法未考虑复杂扩展目标的结构信息,在高分辨成像时的应用受到限制,为此提出一种自适应结构配对稀疏贝叶斯学习方法。该算法在稀疏贝叶斯学习的框架内针对扩展目标建立一种结构配对层次化高斯先验模型,然后采用变分贝叶斯期望-最大化算法交替进行目标重构和参数优化。该算法将某一信号分量的重构与周围信号分量联系起来,并能在迭代过程中自适应地调整表征各信号分量相关性的参数。实验结果表明,该方法针对扩展目标可以有效地进行高分辨成像。     

多核贝叶斯优化的模型决策树算法

构造模型决策树时超参数较多,参数组合复杂,利用网格搜索等调参方法将会消耗大量的时间,影响模型性能的提升。提出了一种多核贝叶斯优化的模型决策树算法,该算法为应对不同分类数据特性,采用三种高斯过程建模寻优,利用贝叶斯优化技术,选出最优的参数组合。实验结果表明,所提算法在参数寻优上要优于传统的模型决策树寻优方法,并且能够在迭代次数不多的情况下找到全局最优参数值,在一定程度上提升了算法的分类性能,节省了大量的调参时间。     

EUROPEAN DEFENCE FIRMS: THE INFORMATION BARRIER ON PRIVATE FINANCE*

After the fall of the Berlin Wall, European governments adopted a hands‐off policy towards the defence industrial base, in an attempt to increase the sector’s efficiency and reactivity. In this context, one topical issue is how to motivate defence firms to apply for private rather than public finance. Since banks have no prior experience with European defence firms, a problem of asymmetric information may block this transition. The problem is analysed within the framework of a game between defence firms and banks. It is shown that the Bayesian Equilibrium might correspond to a situation where low‐risk firms prefer the state‐financed scheme; yet, in a perfect information set‐up, the same firms would apply for bank credit. In order to facilitate the transition to private finance, the government might decide to subsidize investors who agree on financing defence firms; the state aid should be made available during a transitory learning period.     

The effect of deployment on first‐ and second‐term re‐enlistment in the US active duty force

Why should deployment affect re‐enlistment? In our model, members enter the military with naïve beliefs about deployment and use actual deployment experience to update their beliefs and revise their expected utility of re‐enlisting. Empirically, re‐enlistment is related to the type and number of deployments, consistent with the learning model. Non‐hostile deployment increases first‐term re‐enlistment but hostile deployment has little effect except for the Army, where the effect is positive. Both types increase second‐term re‐enlistment. Interestingly, first‐term members with dependants tend to respond to deployment like second‐term members. In addition, deployment acts directly to affect re‐enlistment, not indirectly through time to promotion.     

Waypoint analysis for command and control

Command and Control (C2) in a military setting can be epitomized in battles‐of‐old when commanders would seek high ground to gain superior spatial‐temporal information; from this vantage point, decisions were made and relayed to units in the field. Although the fundamentals remain, technology has changed the practice of C2; for example, enemy units may be observed remotely, with instruments of varying positional accuracy. A basic problem in C2 is the ability to track an enemy object in the battlespace and to forecast its future position; the (extended) Kalman filter provides a straightforward solution. The problem changes fundamentally if one assumes that the moving object is headed for an (unknown) location, or waypoint. This article is concerned with the new problem of estimation of such a waypoint, for which we use Bayesian statistical prediction. The computational burden is greater than an ad hoc regression‐based estimate, which we also develop, but the Bayesian approach has a big advantage in that it yields both a predictor and a measure of its variability. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004     

装备研制中的Bayesian网及其应用

针对装备研制过程中产生的大量试验和调试数据,提出采用Bayesian网挖掘各组成单元间的依赖关系,并对Bayesian网学习中基于信息论的方法进行了改进,使确定网络拓扑结构的过程更加客观.学习得到Bayesian网后,分析了其在失效源判定和发现设计缺陷等方面的应用.     

一种网络设备告警事件纵向关联方法的设计与实现

现有的网络事件关联系统主要存在以下不足:各被管设备感知的大量告警事件全部传送到管理端处理,会带来很多传输与事件管理问题;现有的网络事件关联方法很不成熟,一般只涉及底层协议告警事件的关联.在分析网络告警与故障关系的基础上,提出了一种在设备这一级驻留代理,采用贝叶斯网络推理技术完成包括应用层告警事件在内的本地告警事件纵向关联方法.并在描述协议栈各层协议实体模型的基础上,给出了利用AdventNet API和ebayes进行系统具体实现的方法.     

基于贝叶斯网络的空中目标意图识别方法

针对空中目标意图识别问题,对防空作战中的战场事件进行了分类定义,根据事件之间的关联关系,提出了基于贝叶斯网络的空中目标意图识别方法,在此基础上,给出了网络模型的构建和推理方法,最后以一个示例说明了方法的有效性。     

Bayesian analysis of queues with impatient customers: Applications to call centers

Queuing models have been extensively used in the literature for obtaining performance measures and developing staffing policies. However, most of this work has been from a pure probabilistic point of view and has not addressed issues of statistical inference. In this article, we consider Bayesian queuing models with impatient customers with particular emphasis on call center operations and discuss further extensions. We develop the details of Bayesian inference for queues with abandonment such as the M/M/s + M model (Erlang‐A). In doing so, we discuss the estimation of operating characteristics and its implications on staffing. We illustrate the implementation of the Bayesian models using actual arrival, service, and abandonment data from call centers. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2012