Defense spending and economic growth: Extended empirical analysis for the European Union

Previous empirical studies on the defense spending-economic growth nexus such as Kollias et al. (2007 Kollias, C., N. Mylonidis, and S. Paleologou. 2007. “A panel data analysis of the nexus between defense spending and growth in the European Union.” Defense and Peace Economics 18 (1): 75–85.[Taylor & Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]), Mylonidis (2008 Mylonidis, N. 2008. “Revisiting the nexus between military spending and growth in the European Union.” Defense and Peace Economics 19 (4): 265–272.[Taylor & Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]), Dunne and Nikolaidou (2012 Dunne, J. P., and E. Nikolaidou. 2012. “Defense spending and economic growth in the EU15.” Defense and Peace Economics 23 (6): 537–548.[Taylor & Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) analyzed this relationship in the case of the EU15. This study extends the analysis with the inclusion of more EU members and investigates the long run causal ordering between the two variables. Findings reported herein are not uniformed across all EU members. It is also found that end of Cold War has significant negative impact on defense expenditures of former east-European countries.     

Using the Feder-Ram and Military Keynesian Models to Examine the Link Between Defence Spending and Economic Growth in Sri Lanka

This study uses the Feder-Ram model in conjunction with the military Keynesian model to examine the nexus between defence spending and economic growth in Sri Lanka. We find that the Keynesian aggregate demand model is better suited to analyse the link than the Feder-Ram model for the case of Sri Lanka. Based upon our results we expect a higher economic growth rate in Sri Lanka if more public resources are diverted from the defence to civilian sectors of the economy, now that the war between the government and separatist guerrillas has come to an end. However, recent post war events cast doubt upon whether a diversion of sources from military to non-military spending will actually occur. We conclude that the sanguine predictions of our economic analysis are entirely dependent upon the political decisions of the Sri Lankan government for their realization.     

Causal Linkages Between Domestic Terrorism and Economic Growth

We use the Hsiao–Granger method to test for terrorism–growth causality for seven Western European countries. In bivariate settings, the impact of economic performance on domestic terrorism is very strong. In trivariate settings, the impact of performance on terrorism diminishes. In general, we find that economic performance leads terrorist violence in robust ways only for three out of seven countries. Terrorism is almost never found to causally influence growth in bivariate and trivariate specifications. Our findings indicate that the role of economic performance in determining terrorist violence appears to have been important for some countries, whereas all attacked economies have been successful in adjusting to the threat of terrorism.     

Military Spending and Economic Growth in South Asia: A Panel Data Analysis

Despite the large number and variety of studies addressing the relationship between military spending and economic growth, a consensus regarding the exact nature of any relationship between the two has proven elusive. This study uses a panel co-integration approach to examine the relationship between military spending and economic growth in the five South Asian countries of India, Pakistan, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh over the period of 1988–2007. It finds that a 1% increase in military spending increases real GDP by only 0.04%, suggesting that the substantial amount of public expenditure that is currently directed towards military purposes in these countries has a negligible impact upon economic growth.     

航空发动机燃滑油附件后盖裂纹原因分析与预防对策

针对某型航空发动机燃-滑油附件后盖同部位成批次出现裂纹的问题,提出了裂纹故障引导转移的避障策略。通过研究裂纹产生的主要原因,分析后盖不同部位所产生的裂纹可能对航空发动机造成的危害程度,调整改变原支撑结构,在后盖非关键部位形成新的应力集中点,降低关键部位应力集中区的应力幅值,迫使故障从不可修复的关键部位转移到可修复的非关键部位。经计算机仿真,确定了裂纹引导缺口的最佳参数;同时,仿真结果表明,裂纹故障引导转移策略合理可行。     

位移不连续法在裂纹扩展仿真中的应用

探讨了在应用位移不连续法仿真裂纹扩展时对加载方式、裂纹扩展长度及应力强度因子计算等问题的处理方法,并据此编制了仿真程序,分析了裂纹在单向压载作用下的扩展趋势和应力变化,具有一定的工程应用价值。     

超声波检测混凝土屋面渗漏裂缝的实验研究

屋面渗漏维修一直困扰着房屋管理人员和维修人员。如何有效地确定渗漏区域和渗漏源,是快速修复屋面渗漏的关键所在。主要分析探讨了超声波在混凝土屋面渗漏裂缝检测方面的应用可行性,通过研究超声波的检测原理和探测方法,并结合工程实例,具体分析了超声波检测法在屋面渗漏裂缝检查中的优势与不足,为确定有效的屋面渗漏检测方法提供了一定的参考。     

指数寿命产品可靠性增长试验的Bayes分析

针对指数寿命产品的定时、定数截尾试验方案,推广了Mazzuchi-Soyer模型的应用范围。首先引入模型假设,以狄氏分布作为先验分布,综合利用产品研制的历史信息和专家信息,结合产品研制各阶段试验数据,给出了各阶段可靠性的联合后验分布。然后利用Gibbs抽样算法解决后验推断计算问题,得到各阶段产品可靠性的Bayes点估计和区间估计。最后给出产品可靠性增长分析实例,表明了模型的优越性。     

锥形液膜的Kelvin-Helmholtz扰动波

为进行锥形液膜雾化过程分析,研究锥形液膜的Kelvin-Helmholtz稳定性问题,应用小扰动假设,建立了锥形液膜数学模型、轴对称扰动运动的控制方程和边界条件,采用分离变量法求解线性偏微分扰动方程组,经过严格的数学推导,得到了锥形液膜内外表面扰动波增长速率特征方程.当液膜锥角为零时,与环形液膜扰动波特征方程一致;当液膜锥角和液膜内径为零时,与圆射流扰动波特征方程一致,表明导出的锥形液膜扰波动方程是合理的.     

紊流火焰生长的现象学模型

提出了一个紊流火焰生长的现象学模型,将预混合燃烧紊流火焰的生长过程与火焰瞬时尺度和基本的紊流特性参数联系起来,描述了火焰从层流传播到充分发展的紊流传播的全过程。计算结果与测量数据的比较显示了较好的一致性。