The industrial structure of National Defence and transaction costs

A recent paper in Defence Economics suggests that “a single variable, the public opinion balance, ... when accompanied by a control variable measuring the proportion of responses in the ‘residuum’ (no opinion or keep the status quo), permits an accurate prediction of subsequent changes in the rate of change of U.S. defense outlays from the mid‐1960s through the 1980s” (Higgs and Kilduff, 1993, p. 227). In contrast, this comment provides evidence that since 1986 the Higgs‐Kilduff model frequently mispredicts the direction of U.S. defense spending. In addition, the average prediction error, and its variance, since 1986 consistently exceeds the average prediction error, and its variance, for the years prior to 1986.     

Pakistani Political Communication and Public Opinion on US Drone Attacks

Conventional wisdom holds that Pakistanis are overwhelmingly opposed to American drone strikes in their country’s tribal areas and that this opposition is driven by mass media coverage of the loss of life and property the strikes purportedly cause. Using an approach based in the literature in political communication and public opinion, we argue this conventional wisdom is largely inaccurate. Instead, we contend that awareness of drone strikes will be limited because Pakistan is a poor country with low educational attainment, high rates of illiteracy and persistent infrastructure problems that limit access to mass media. Moreover, because of these same country characteristics, Pakistanis’ beliefs about drone strikes will be shaped primarily by informal, face-to-face political communication, rather than through more formal media sources. We test this argument using data that we collected by fielding a 7,656 respondent, nationally-representative survey carried out in Pakistan in 2013. The results of the statistical analysis support our arguments.     

公安现役部队体能训练研究

现代高技术条件下的作战行动,对公安现役部队官兵的体能提出了更高、更严格的要求。从公安现役部队执行的多种作战任务角度出发,就公安现役部队体能训练的内容、原则及方法进行了探讨分析。     

A Proliferation of Royal Air Forces

Australia's interest in nuclear weapons in the 1950s and 60s is usually explained in terms of high politics and grand strategy. This proliferation case study explores, in greater detail than hitherto, the important part played by the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) in pressing for a nuclear capability. It seeks to understand the reasons behind the RAAF's lobbying, in particular its previous experience with air power, its visceral desire for advanced manned bomber aircraft, and its strong institutional link to the British Royal Air Force. The decision in 1963 to acquire the supersonic US F-111 strike aircraft, instead of rivals including the British TSR.2, is also considered. Once the RAAF's bomber ambitions were satisfied, interest in nuclear weapons was greatly reduced. Finally, some comments are included on the nuclear interests of other air forces in the British Commonwealth.     

Political Military Competition and Size and Composition of Government

This paper uses a formal model to analyze the effects of political military competition among states on the size and composition of state. Great economies of scale in warfare, even distribution of military capability among contestants and greater value of contested resources generate higher level of military capacity and growth of government. If there is decreasing return to scale in state revenue generating function and provision of public intermediate inputs, then there will be an increasing size of civilian public sector relative to that of military. The paper finally studies how waves of military revolutions affected international political military competition and the size and composition of government in history.     

中国新诗发展述略

从1917年胡适的《白话诗八首》开始，新诗已走过近百年的历程，在近一个世纪的发展中，一代代诗人的努力使新诗形成了迥异于旧体诗的独特形式和创新品格，并在探索中形成了散文化倾向、扩充新意象、不断创新探索等特色。     

新民主主义革命时期党领导根据地经济建设的思想探析

纵观新民主主义革命时期的根据地创建,总结了不同时期和不同地方革命根据地经济建设的共同特点,探析了党在根据地时期经济建设的经验和对我国现阶段经济建设的启示。     

新课改背景下职前英语教师教育课程建设面临的挑战及思考

随着中国教育改革的不断深入和素质教育的不断发展,英语教师教育改革刻不容缓。文章对新课改背景下英语教师所面临问题进行了分析,并对高校英语教育本科专业如何面对新课改对人才的需求进行了思考。文章指出课程体系是人才培养规格和目标的集中体现,英语教育本科专业课程建设应进一步建立科学的课程设置体系,加强实践教学环节,丰富教学实践内容,与中小学建立教学科研合作伙伴关系,体现教育人才素质培养和富有创新思想的培养目标。     

基于场景图形管理的三维空中态势引擎设计与实现

本文从传统空中信息指挥系统对三维显示的需求出发,以开源图形开发库OpenSceneGraph作为底层渲染引擎,结合OSG的场景图形管理技术和面向对象设计思想,给出了一副大规模空中态势场景的逻辑视图、场景树视图和类视图。以态势场景的构建和管理为核心,设计了一种适合实时显示大规模空中作战态势的三维显示引擎。该引擎实现了大规模地形建模、大规模航迹实时显示、探测器遮蔽算法、多样化视点等关键技术。利用该引擎二次开发的几种三维模块已经运用在实际工程项目中,该引擎具有高效率、跨平台、易集成、易扩展等优势。     

美军建模与仿真管理特点及启示

美军是世界上唯一建立战争全域模拟仿真体系的军队,其建模与仿真建设高效管理的一些经验值得我军借鉴。本文归纳了美军建模与仿真管理5个方面的特点：高层机构统一领导,专职部门实施管理,以促进协作和共享为重点,规范化管理,模型、数据与服务一体化管理。并针对我军建模与仿真应用领域不广、协作共享不够、数据与服务管理欠缺的问题,提出了相应的建议。