Battlefields and marketplaces

Divided societies in the developing world experience wasteful struggles for power. We study the relationship between political stability and resources wasted in the struggle within a model of competitive power contests. The model of power contests is similar in structure to models describing oligopolistic market competition. This analogy helps us in deriving results that are new to the conflict literature. We show, for example, that the Herfindahl-Hirschman index can be interpreted as a measure of power concentration and that a peace treaty between fighting groups has a parallel in tacit collusion between firms in a market.     

Economic theorizing of conflict: Historical contributions,future possibilities

This article is organized around two major topics addressed by nineteenth and early twentieth century economists: (1) international economic relations and war and (2) economic activity in the shadow of conflict. My thesis is that an early and neglected reservoir of economic thought on peace and war exists and valuable perspectives on research in defense and peace economics can be gained by tapping into it.     

THE STRUCTURAL CRISIS IN GUINEA-BISSAU'S POLITICAL SYSTEM

Guinea-Bissau's transition toward democracy has been violent and disruptive. Despite holding elections and attempts to promote economic and social development, the latest government, under President Yala, is not equipped to bring stability or even a more democratic state. A politicised military, inexperienced opposition and corrupt government officials have contributed to the current poverty and instability. Although unlikely to be deposed by the fragmented opposition, Yala is not secure within his own party and is likely to use his position to weaken his opponents. As a Catholic, Yala has been careful to avoid religious conflict by reassuring Muslim citizens that they will not be marginalised. The economy is precarious and poverty has not been addressed. Guinea-Bissau is dependent on foreign donors for its financial needs. Guinea-Bissau has begun military operations against rebels opposing the Senegalese government and the battles seem likely to continue to cause regional instability. Without external intervention political and economic development looks remote.     

THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO

The armed conflict in the DRC has been characterised by appalling, widespread and systematic human rights violations. It varies from civil war to a war between national armies. Much of the conflict falls between these two categories due to the involvement of foreign troops in civil strife, as well as foreign rebel groups fighting their home government's troops but on Congolese soil. The most pressing need is to cease hostilities and address the humanitarian situation in the country. Questions of justice and accountability, and issues relating to the rule of law will have to be addressed soon in order to achieve a durable peace in the country and in the region. Since there are links between different conflicts in the region, a broader solution should preferably be found. However, this would further complicate an already difficult proposition. Efforts limited to the DRC would be more feasible and could lead to similar measures in other conflict ridden countries in the region. This essay therefore discusses the available processes for justice.     

舰船经济寿命分析方法

针对舰船系统经济寿命的确定问题,介绍了舰船经济寿命分析5个阶段和舰船寿命周期费用的组成,给出了确定舰船经济寿命的方法。为装备更新决策提供依据,对武器装备的全寿命管理有一定参考价值。     

论我国法治精神的演进

从社会形态的更替和经济形态变化的角度 ,来说明我国法治精神的孕育及演进的过程 ,阐明了我国法治精神的演进分为古代的法治精神和现代法治精神两个阶段 ,并论证了市场经济是现代法治精神的深厚的经济基础。     

三个有利于标准与国企改革

“三个有利于”是邓小平理论的重要思想 ,是判断改革和各方面工作是非得失的根本标准。国有企业是国民经济的重要支柱。按照“三个有利于”标准推进国有企业改革 ,对于建立社会主义市场经济体制 ,促进经济持续、快速、健康发展 ,提高人民生活水平 ,保持安定团结的政治局面 ,巩固社会主义制度 ,都具有十分重要的意义。     

关于加入WTO后我国经济法制建设的若干思考

加入世界贸易组织,对我国经济发展的影响是利大于弊,机遇大于挑战的.建立成熟的社会主义市场经济法制体系,加快和提高我国经济社会发展的速度与质量,加人WTO是一个积极的有效途径.但我国目前的经济法律制度还难以与国际贸易规则对接,亟需进一步健全和完善.而实现与国际贸易规则相对接,还必须在相关的立法中进一步深化经济法制的理念,积极健全和完善与经济法制建设相关法律.加快适应"法治经济"发展的法制建设,是保障我国加入WTO之后实现经济健康、快速发展的关键.     

农业自然经济的挽歌社会历史发展的必然——鲁彦小说《黄金》读解

创作于上个世纪二十年代的乡土小说<黄金>,描写了生活在乡村的一家农户,怎样由小康而堕入贫困,因此受尽了乡邻的轻蔑和冷漠.它写出了中国的农业自然经济社会受到了资本主义文明的侵蚀,引起了人与人之间关系的深刻变化.由此揭示了中国乡村经济破产的必然和主人公悲剧命运产生的根源--虽然带着深深的叹惋,但却是一种无可奈何的历史必然.     

共享经济视域下的军事训练场地整合

军改以来,"军委管总、战区主战、军种主建"的格局打破了原有军事训练场地的建设、管理和使用模式,训练场地需求旺盛,缺口较大,急需构建适应新体制新机制的新型训练场地建设管理体系,满足训练需求。本文分析了当前军事训练场地建设管理中存在的问题,提出了基于共享经济模式整合军事训练场地资源的对策措施。