Experimental study of transient pressure wave in the behind armor blunt trauma induced by different rifle bullets

Pressure wave plays an important role in the occurrence of behind armor blunt trauma (BABT), and ballistic gelatin is widely used as a surrogate of biological tissue in the research of BABT. Comparison of pressure wave in the gelatin behind armor for different rifle bullets is lacking. The aim of this study was to observe dynamic changes in pressure wave induced by ballistic blunt impact on the armored gelatin block and to compare the effects of bullet type on the parameters of the transient pressure wave. The gelatin blocks protected with National Institute of Justice (NIJ) class III bulletproof armor were shot by three types of rifle bullet with the same level of impact energy. The transient pressure signals at five locations were recorded with pressure sensors and three parameters (maximum pressure, maximum pressure impulse, and the duration of the first positive phase) were determined and discussed. The results indicated that the waveform and the twin peak of transient pressure wave were not related to the bullet type. However, the values of pressure wave’s parameters were significantly affected by bullet type. Additionally, the attenuation of pressure amplitude followed the similar law for the three ammunitions. These findings may be helpful to get some insight in the BABT and improve the structure design of bullet.     

面内阶跃载荷下薄板弹性动力屈曲差分解

根据薄板微元的动力平衡分析导出薄板动力屈曲控制方程,由屈曲瞬间能量转换率守恒条件得出一个压缩波前屈曲变形的附加约束方程,由此得到求解薄板动力屈曲问题的完备定解条件.以受载边夹支的薄板为倒,利用有限差分法得出了薄板前三阶动力屈曲模态和相应的两个特征参数值,并对比分析了薄板静、动力屈曲的差别.分析表明,薄板动力屈曲过程中产生屈曲动能,比静力屈曲要吸收更多的外部能量.     

柔性长鳍扭波推进数学模型分析

以"尼罗河魔鬼"鱼的柔性长背鳍扭波推进模式为研究对象,通过观察活鱼的游动模式,提取影响扭波推进的运动学要素,建立了描述柔性长背鳍扭波推进时动态曲面的数学模型。研究了鳍条仰角与摆动规律对鳍面的影响。最后,用细长体理论分析并计算出推力分布。研究表明,鳍条仰角在φ=85°的情况下所形成的鳍面与垂直鳍条所形成的鳍面相比,其最大偏离值与鳍长之比为1.7%,可以用垂直于基线的鳍条制作模型;鳍条按正弦规律摆动时所形成的扭波波形鳍面与实鱼鳍面相似。     

一种雷达波衰减型红外迷彩伪装遮障材料设计方案

伪装遮障以其伪装性能好、适应能力强、作业简单、携带方便而在现代战争中被广泛采用。在对遮障材料性能要求分析的基础上,提出了一种新型雷达波衰减型红外迷彩伪装遮障材料的设计方案。其在可见光、近红外、雷达波段均具有良好的反探测性能,可有效对抗现代高技术侦察手段和设施。     

基于空域相关滤波的雷达回波信号降噪方法

对雷达探测来说,如何有效地增强真实目标回波信号、提高信噪比水平是非常重要的。传统的降噪方法如平滑滤波、傅立叶降噪很难有效地降低与目标频谱相重叠的噪声。空域相关滤波算法是小波滤波算法中的一种,能够有效地解决这个问题。该算法是利用真实信号与噪声在尺度间的不同表现来实现的,能够在保留信号细节的同时,有效地降低噪声。仿真表明,该算法在雷达回波的降噪中取得了较好效果,有效地降低了噪声。     

草地的红外辐射计算及热像图仿真

草地地表的温度是仿真其红外热像图的关键,综合考虑太阳辐射、风速、大气温度和空气相对湿度等因素的影响,建立了草地地表的温度计算模型,利用C++语言编程计算出草地地表不同时刻的温度,从而求出红外辐射亮度,并进行红外热像图仿真,仿真结果表明:该模型和方法能够真实地生成草地地表的红外热图像,可广泛应用于红外场景仿真中。     

某型飞机大气数据系统设计

大气数据系统是重要的机载电子设备,其性能、精度直接关系到飞机的飞行安全.在介绍某型号飞机大气数据系统的软硬件体系结构的基础上,从三个方面深入研究了提高大气数据系统精度的途径:大气数据计算模型;基于BP神经网络的压力测量温度误差补偿方法;一种计算型静压源误差补偿方法.其大气数据系统系统性能稳定,结构紧凑,速度快,精度高,软硬件升级简单.试验证明其大气数据系统能很好满足某型号飞机的使用要求.     

On a Markov‐modulated shock and wear process

We present transient and asymptotic reliability indices for a single‐unit system that is subject to Markov‐modulated shocks and wear. The transient results are derived from the (transform) solution of an integro‐differential equation describing the joint distribution of the cumulative degradation process and the state of the modulating process. Additionally, we prove the asymptotic normality of a properly centered and time‐scaled version of the cumulative degradation at time t. This asymptotic result leads to a simple normal approximation for a properly centered and space‐scaled version of the systes lifetime distribution. Two numerical examples illustrate the quality of the normal approximation. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2009     

长背鳍扭波推进活鱼实验研究

对依靠长背鳍扭波推进的尼罗河魔鬼鱼(GNF)进行循环水槽实验研究,录制各种游动模式的DV图像,分析研究GNF的游动参数,得到了扭波频率、波长与游速的定量关系,以及斯特罗哈数与雷诺数的关系曲线。当特征游速U≤1.3时,游速与扭波频率成正比,特征波长λ≈0.31,斯特罗哈数St≈0.41;当特征游速U1.3时,扭波频率ν不再增大(约5.5～6 Hz),GNF采用变波长模式游动,平均特征波长λ最大增加到0.38,斯特罗哈数St则减小,最小为0.31,与BCF模式St值相同。     

超短波电台网模型研究

超短波通信是军事通信中广泛应用的通信方式,如何根据应用需要建立适合的网络与通信模型是作战建模与仿真中经常遇到和需要解决的问题。分析了当前超短波通信建模研究的现状,在详细探讨建模需求的基础上,提出了超短波电台网网络模型,给出了有效通信距离简化模型,以及考虑战场电磁环境和地理环境的通信链路质量模型,最后进行了仿真实验验证。该模型能够有效解决作战模拟中超短波通信效果对于作战效能影响分析的问题,简化了模型设计,提高了模型应用性,也为短波、微波、卫星等其他类型网络模型设计提供了参考建模方法。