基于电容式噪声传感器的信号调理电路设计

在航空航天的飞行器遥测试验中,大推力火箭和导弹飞行时,由燃气射流引起的噪声会对飞行器的结构以及载荷造成巨大的危害。电容式噪声传感器由于其频率响应范围宽,被广泛应用于飞行试验中。电容式传感器工作时需要用恒压源供电,且其采集的信号受到外界干扰较大,输出电压值不满足大多数模数芯片转换要求。针对以上问题,设计了恒压源供电模块和隔直分压电路、低通滤波电路等调理模块,使其最终输出电压范围在0~2.5 V,满足模数转换芯片的要求。该噪声传感器的信号调理电路可靠性高,已经成功应用于飞行器发射试验中。     

辅助镀膜离子源及立方氮化硼薄膜的制备研究

为选出合适的辅助离子源进行沉积制备c-BN薄膜,通过对高能和低能辅助镀膜离子源的重要性能进行比较研究之后,在单晶Si基体进行应用制备立方氮化硼薄膜,用红外光谱(FTIR)及光电子能谱(XPS)分析技术,对不同辅助离子源制备沉积的薄膜,进行比较表征,得出结论:低能辅助镀膜离子源,比高能辅助镀膜离子源更适用于制备立方氮化硼薄膜。     

基于扩展卡尔曼滤波的雷达无源定位方法

提出了基于扩展卡尔曼滤波的雷达无源定位技术。利用多无人机平台对雷达网进行航迹欺骗,需要对网内的雷达进行定位以达到精确欺骗干扰的目的。但飞行器在飞行过程量测噪声较高,传统的时差定位方法无法满足定位精度的要求。对于时差定位的非线性时变模型,提出了利用时变扩展卡尔曼滤波对雷达位置进行跟踪定位的方法。仿真结果显示,利用扩展卡尔滤波进行无源定位可以在高噪声背景下有较好的定位精度。     

A novel noise reduction technique for underwater acoustic signals based on complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise,minimum mean square variance criterion and least mean square adaptive filter

Underwater acoustic signal processing is one of the research hotspots in underwater acoustics. Noise reduction of underwater acoustic signals is the key to underwater acoustic signal processing. Owing to the complexity of marine environment and the particularity of underwater acoustic channel, noise reduction of underwater acoustic signals has always been a difficult challenge in the field of underwater acoustic signal processing. In order to solve the dilemma, we proposed a novel noise reduction technique for underwater acoustic signals based on complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN), minimum mean square variance criterion (MMSVC) and least mean square adaptive filter (LMSAF). This noise reduction technique, named CEEMDAN-MMSVC-LMSAF, has three main advantages: (i) as an improved algorithm of empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and ensemble EMD (EEMD), CEEMDAN can better suppress mode mixing, and can avoid selecting the number of decomposition in variational mode decomposition (VMD); (ii) MMSVC can identify noisy intrinsic mode function (IMF), and can avoid selecting thresholds of different permutation entropies; (iii) for noise reduction of noisy IMFs, LMSAF overcomes the selection of decomposition number and basis function for wavelet noise reduction. Firstly, CEEMDAN decomposes the original signal into IMFs, which can be divided into noisy IMFs and real IMFs. Then, MMSVC and LMSAF are used to detect identify noisy IMFs and remove noise components from noisy IMFs. Finally, both denoised noisy IMFs and real IMFs are reconstructed and the final denoised signal is obtained. Compared with other noise reduction techniques, the validity of CEEMDAN-MMSVC-LMSAF can be proved by the analysis of simulation signals and real underwater acoustic signals, which has the better noise reduction effect and has practical application value. CEEMDAN-MMSVC-LMSAF also provides a reliable basis for the detection, feature extraction, classification and recognition of underwater acoustic signals.     

高焓CO2气流壁面两步催化机制对非平衡气动加热影响的数值模拟

针对高超声速火星进入飞行遇到的壁面CO_2催化机制特殊且对气动加热影响复杂的问题,基于化学反应系统的三维可压缩流动求解器,建立壁面吸附、Eley-Rideal结合速率受控的壁面CO_2两步催化模型。基于70°球锥布局的高焓风洞实验,进行考虑壁面催化效应的高超声速非平衡气动加热数值模拟,开展考虑CO+O_((s))和O+CO_((s))两类CO_2两步催化路径对非平衡气动加热的影响研究。研究表明,壁面O_2和CO_2结合并存且存在相互竞争关系,催化加热量随催化效率增大而单调增加。数值计算建立了催化路径与非平衡加热水平的定量关联,研究发现CO_2两类催化路径权重与加热量存在非单调关联,特定权重下两种路径联合作用的热流高于单个催化结果。相关研究对碳氧气体主导的壁面催化机理和火星进入气动加热的精细化预测有重要的理论指导意义。     

DSP实现低信噪比条件下点目标检测与跟踪

针对嵌入式实时图像处理系统中 ,复杂背景低信噪比条件下红外运动点目标检测及跟踪所采用的处理算法 ,包括基于空域低通滤波的多图像平均法和自适应阈值分割法以及基于目标运动时空连续性目标运动轨迹拟合及目标运动轨迹参数预测算法 ,进行基于二维数组组合方式存储结构的算法复杂度估计 ,并将上述算法在TI公司的TMS32 0C6 2 0 1EVM板上进行实时性能评测 ,说明上述算法在基于具有软件流水性能的TMS32 0C6x系列DSP嵌入式实时图像处理系统中实现的可行性。     

双泵源电液舵机线谱噪声控制

采取变频调速控制策略的电液舵机可大幅降低操舵噪声，但系统线谱噪声明显且随工况变化而迁移，衰减难度大。基于此，结合泵源双冗余的电液舵机原理，仅改变原系统控制策略，提出基于辅助泵源合流的压力脉动控制措施。理论分析指出，两泵源转速一致，初始相位角为半个周期可衰减奇数次谐波。设计了主从同步控制策略，配置相应硬件，并应用于实际系统，实测相同操舵工况下可降低基脚结构振动总级3~5 dB，一阶线谱最大可衰减23 dB。