Progressive Type‐II censoring and coherent systems

A new connection between the distribution of component failure times of a coherent system and (adaptive) progressively Type‐II censored order statistics is established. Utilizing this property, we develop inferential procedures when the data is given by all component failures until system failure in two scenarios: In the case of complete information, we assume that the failed component is also observed whereas in the case of incomplete information, we have only information about the failure times but not about the components which have failed. In the first setting, we show that inferential methods for adaptive progressively Type‐II censored data can directly be applied to the problem. For incomplete information, we face the problem that the corresponding censoring plan is not observed and that the available inferential procedures depend on the knowledge of the used censoring plan. To get estimates for distributional parameters, we propose maximum likelihood estimators which can be obtained by solving the likelihood equations directly or via an Expectation‐Maximization‐algorithm type procedure. For an exponential distribution, we discuss also a linear estimator to estimate the mean. Moreover, we establish exact distributions for some estimators in the exponential case which can be used, for example, to construct exact confidence intervals. The results are illustrated by a five component bridge system. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 62: 512–530, 2015     

合成双射流冲击平板流场结构与模态分解分析

为揭示合成双射流冲击平板流场结构特征,通过大涡模拟方法对合成双射流冲击平板流动进行了仿真,采用有限时间Lyapunov指数方法对流场的拉格朗日涡结构进行了识别,并与欧拉框架下的速度矢量和涡量结果进行了对比分析。结果表明,在合成双射流两股射流交替作用下,射流核心区涡系结构较为复杂且涡量丰富,远离核心区存在一对稳定的涡结构,且拉格朗日涡结构与涡量对应较好,为合成双射流冲击冷却的布局设计提供了指导。另外,流场本征正交分解表明,第一阶模态关于激励器出口中心轴线大致对称,其能量占总体能量的35%,前6阶模态的能量占80%;根据前6阶模态所反映的流场特性,合成双射流冲击平板流场具有高度的对称性。     

粒子束空间传输影响因素及应对方法

全面分析了初始束流分布、发散度、能散度以及地磁场对粒子束空间传输的影响情况,并针对束流长距离传输的静电扩散和地磁偏转效应进行了数值建模及定量的数值仿真研究。结果表明,对于固定束流能量、流强粒子束,可通过增大初始半径削弱粒子束静电扩散效应达到设计要求;通过背景磁场精确预测,可准确控制束流方向精度。可以看出,研究带电粒子束本身的自洽行为以及与外场的作用,对带电粒子束流的产生、传输特性研究及工程化应用都有重要意义。     

超高精度离子束抛光工具设计与性能分析

为了解决高精度光学修形问题,进行离子束抛光工具的设计与性能分析研究。通过开展离子束抛光工具设计方法的研究、聚焦离子光学系统结构设计和离子束流特性的分析,进行计算机仿真研究和中和器一体化设计;研制聚焦离子光学系统和中和器,并采用15mm和10mm的聚焦离子光学系统进行修形加工实验,将口径150mm的熔石英平面镜从初始面形误差RMS15.58nm修正到RMS0.79nm。结果证明了聚焦离子光学系统设计的有效性,一体化离子束抛光工具具有亚纳米精度的修形能力。     

一种低信噪比下的伪码快速捕获算法

传统的伪码捕获算法消耗时间长且在低信噪比条件下伪码捕获虚警率高,针对该问题,提出了一种低信噪比条件下的伪码快速捕获算法。该算法首先利用快速傅里叶变换完成信号相干积累,然后根据频率进行门限判决,从而捕获相应的时域伪码。仿真实验结果表明：该算法可减少伪码捕获时间,降低伪码捕获的虚警概率。     

Parametric inference for component distributions from lifetimes of systems with dependent components

In system reliability analysis, for an n ‐component system, the estimation of the performance of the components in the system is not straightforward in practice, especially when the components are dependent. Here, by assuming the n components in the system to be identically distributed with a common distribution belonging to a scale‐family and the dependence structure between the components being known, we discuss the estimation of the lifetime distributions of the components in the system based on the lifetimes of systems with the same structure. We develop a general framework for inference on the scale parameter of the component lifetime distribution. Specifically, the method of moments estimator (MME) and the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) are derived for the scale parameter, and the conditions for the existence of the MLE are also discussed. The asymptotic confidence intervals for the scale parameter are also developed based on the MME and the MLE. General simulation procedures for the system lifetime under this model are described. Finally, some examples of two‐ and three‐component systems are presented to illustrate all the inferential procedures developed here. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2012     

基于主动相位控制的脉冲激光相干合成技术

提出并验证了基于随机并行梯度下降(SPGD)算法的主动相位控制脉冲激光相干合成方案.利用低通滤波器滤除脉冲激光光强变化导致的性能评价函数起伏,提取出相位噪声导致的性能评价函数变化,然后将这个低通滤波后的性能评价函数用于SPGD算法的极值寻优过程,从而实现脉冲激光的锁相.对该方案进行了理论分析和数值模拟,并进行了两路脉冲激光相干合成实验.实验结果表明,当系统从闭环到开环时,系统性能评价函数均值提高到开环的1.6倍,干涉条纹长曝光对比度从0提高到0.43.在该方案中,通过增加合成脉冲激光路数,并在各路脉冲激光中引入多级功率放大器,能够得到更高的合成功率输出.     

振荡器相位噪声对GNSS接收机载波跟踪数字锁相环性能的影响

关于振荡器相位噪声引起的GNSS接收机载波跟踪数字锁相环相位抖动,目前的解析结论仍是基于模拟锁相环的,不能说明相位抖动大小与中频积累时间的关系,因此不能有效指导高灵敏度、高精度载波跟踪锁相环参数设计.本文首先推导中频积累输出的频率白噪声、频率游走噪声序列的功率谱,然后基于数字二阶锁相环离散线性模型导出了环路相位抖动公式并进行了仿真验证,最后对公式进行了解析和数值分析.分析结果表明:频率白噪声、频率游走噪声引起的二阶载波跟踪锁相环相位抖动,均随中频积累时间单调递增,随环路带宽先递减后递增.本文推得的相位抖动公式及其随参数变化特征的分析结论,可用于具体指导GNSS载波跟踪锁相环参数设计.     

天线波束对飞机射频隐身性能的影响分析

射频隐身是新一代军用飞机必须具备的重要能力。从隐身飞机的实际使用环境出发,针对以往只考虑个体对抗特性,采用Schleher截获因子评价飞机射频隐身性能的不足,提出了基于整体对抗特性,采用联合截获概率评估射频隐身性能的新方法,为射频隐身研究提供了新思路。通过对隐身飞机的射频使用环境建模,计算了天线波束的空、地覆盖区大小,结合联合截获概率的定义和计算方法,仿真了不同情况下天线波束宽度对联合截获概率的影响。根据仿真结果,分析了天线波束对飞机射频隐身性能的影响,其结论可为隐身飞机天线设计时的折中考虑提供基础和参考依据。     

火灾场钢筋混凝土简支梁抗弯性能分析

通过对火灾中钢筋混凝土简支梁截面温度场和材料热力学性能分析,将混凝土分为弹性区和塑性区来分别计算其强度,建立了火灾场简支梁截面内混凝土应力和梁极限抗弯承载力的计算公式,通过具体算例分析了钢筋混凝土简支梁截面温度场和极限承载力的变化规律和原因。